Curing Cultural Trauma and Rebuilding African-American Identity in Song of Solomon

黑人被强运到美国成为奴隶，失去赖以生存的黑人文化，他们丧失了自我身份，承受着奴隶制和种族主义的带来的伤痛。因此，美国黑奴制和种族主义给美国黑人所带来的痛苦和创伤是近现代美国文学作品中一个不朽的母题。作为黑人作家，托尼•莫里森深切关心黑人同胞在美国的生存状态，因此对黑奴制和种族主义的历史记忆也成为莫里森小说关注的主题。在《所罗门之歌》这本小说中，莫里森所关心的问题锁定在遗忘或谨记创伤的困境。《所罗门之歌》的故事发生在二十世纪的美国，虽然奴隶制已经废除，但奴隶制的历史记忆和内化后的种族主义继续给获得自由后的美国黑人带来创伤，对他们的身份建构造成破坏性影响。 本文以文化创伤理论为视角，...The suffering caused by the experience of slavery and racism deeply rooted in the psyche of African-Americans is among the eternal motifs in modern African-American literature. As a black writer, Toni Morrison is intently concerned with the survival of African-Americans in America. What she emphasizes in her fiction is the experience and memory of slavery and racism the black people have undergone...学位：文学硕士院系专业：外文学院英语语言文学系_英语语言文学学号：1202008115284

“省直管县”改革能否提升县级财力水平?

将\"省直管县\"财政体制改革作为拟自然实验,基于全国县级面板数据,利用可有效校正选择偏差问题的PSM-DID方法构造\"反事实\"状态,估计改革对县级财力水平的平均处理效应.结果显示:改革增加了人均本级财政收入,却减少了人均转移支付水平,且下降幅度较大,致使人均财政总收入减少,表明\"省直管县\"改革不但无法提升,甚至会在一定程度上恶化县级财政状况.东、中部地区的平均处理效应与全国类似,上述结论具有比较好的稳健性.此外,还进行了影响机制检验,地级市与县、县与县之间的财政竞争以及省对各市、县的协调机制会在一定程度上影响财政体制改革的效果.国家自然科学基金资助项目(71373217);;国家社会科学基金重点资助项目(14AZD018);;中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(2013221010

胡塞尔现象学及其对教育的影响

在简要分析作为哲学的现象学和作为方法的现象学后,文章指出现象学对教育的影响主要表现为方法论和本体论两个层面

Study on quality standard for Yangxie qudu capsule

目的　建立养血祛毒胶囊质量标准。方法　采用TCL法对方中的独活等进行定性鉴别 ;用薄层扫描法测定苦参碱的含量。结果　定性鉴别专属性强 ,苦参碱平均回收率为 98.8% ,RSD为 2 .0 8%。结论　所建立的方法简便、准确可用于该制剂的质量控制方法OBJECTIVE To establish the quality control standard of Yangxie qudu capsule. METHOD Radix Angelicae pubescentis were identified by TLC, and the content of matrine was determined by TLC scanning.RESULTS The identified methods were selective. The average recovery of determination was 98.8% (RSD=2.08%).CONCLUSION The methods are accurate and simple and can be used for the quality control of Yangxie qudu capsule

Novel MFL method for pipeline crack no blind spot detection using composite excitation

管道是石油和天然气工业的重要组成部分,而轴向裂纹是管道安全运营的重要隐患。传统的漏磁检测技术(MFL)对管道中轴向裂纹的检测灵敏度不高,从而形成检测盲区。本文提出了一种利用复合激励的MFL检测新方法,可实现对轴向和周向缺陷的同步检测。首先,利用U型磁轭对管壁进行交直流复合磁化;直流磁化场直接作用于周向裂纹并形成有效的MFL检测信号,而交流磁化场则在管壁内形成垂直于磁化方向的均匀涡流场;当该涡流场受到轴向裂纹干扰时,将形成二次感生磁场的扰动,因此,新方法通过对管壁表面的漏磁场及二次感生磁场检测,同时获得周向和轴向两个方向的探测能力;最后开展仿真和实验,并分析了新方法中作用于轴向和周向裂纹的磁化场、涡流场和二次感生磁场的分布。结果表明,新方法只需通过一次扫描,即可以获得缺陷的轴向和周向特征,实现了对裂纹的无盲点检测。Pipelines are the critical components in oil and gas industry,axial cracks caused by stress corrosion and fatigue damage are the hidden danger of pipeline safe operation. The conventional magnetic flux leakage( MFL) detection technique is inadequate for accurately detecting the narrow axial crack in pipeline and forms detection blind region. In this paper,a new MFL detection method capable of simultaneously detecting both axial and circumferential defects is proposed utilizing DC-AC composite excitation. Firstly,the measured pipe wall is magnetized by DC-AC compound magnetic field using a U-shaped yoke. The DC magnetic field is directly acted on the circumferential crack and generates effective MFL detection signal. The AC magnetic field generates a uniform eddy current field perpendicular to the magnetization direction inside the pipe wall. When the eddy current field is disturbed by the axial crack,a secondary induced magnetic field is generated. Through detecting the surface magnetic flux leakage and secondary induced magnetic field,the new method can obtain the axial and circumferential crack detection capability simultaneously. Both simulations and experiments were conducted,the distributions of the magnetizing field,eddy current field and secondary induced magnetic field acting on the axial and circumferential cracks were analyzed. The results show that the proposed new method can detect both axial and circumferential cracks effectively with one pass scanning,the pipeline crack no blind spot detection is achieved.国家自然科学基金(51177141,51677158);; 航空基金(2012ZD68003)项目资

New NDT method for ferromagnetic materials based on differential permeability

利用微分磁导率变化特性,提出了一种可对材料的宏观缺陷进行快速扫查的无损检测新方法。首先,将铁磁性材料置于偏置磁化场环境下,缺陷将导致内部磁通的畸; 变;其次,磁通畸变进一步体现在材料表面微分磁导率分布的差异性;再次,通过特殊设计的微分磁导率检测探头,对材料表面微分磁导率的分布进行扫查;最后,; 由磁导率分布差异获得材料内部的不连续性信息,从而实现对缺陷的无损检测。开展了系列验证实验,结果表明,相对于传统的漏磁检测方法,新方法具有磁化强度; 低、磁通泄漏少、检测信号稳定的特点。新方法正、反面缺陷探测信号存在差异,在缺陷深度识别方面亦存在优势。A new non-destructive testing method is proposed to fast scan and detect; the macroscopic defects of materials using the variation characteristics; of the differential permeability of ferromagnetic materials. Firstly,the; ferromagnetic material,such as steel plate,is placed under the bias; magnetic field,and the defects in the material will inevitably lead to; the distortion of its internal magnetic flux. Secondly,the magnetic flux; distortion is further reflected in the difference of the differential; permeability distribution on the surface of the tested material.; Thirdly,using a specially designed probe,the distribution of; differential permeability on the surface of tested material is rapidly; scanned. Finally,from the difference of the differential permeability; distribution,the discontinuity information in the material can be; obtained,so as to realize the nondestructive testing of macroscopic; defects. Series of experiments were carried out,and the results show; that,compared with traditional magnetic flux leakage method,the new; method has the advantages of low magnetic intensity,less flux leakage; and stable detection signals. Moreover,the detection signals for the; front-side and back-side defects have obviously different distribution; characteristics,and the method also has obvious advantages in the field; of defect depth identification.国家自然科学基金; 福建省科技计划重大专

HPLC测定乳痛消Ⅱ号中橙皮苷的含量

甘肃省科委资助项目 (No :GS 992 A4 3 0 70

Identification of Colorants in Food by Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy and Wavelet-based Reverse Search

使用金纳米粒子为增强因子的表面增强拉曼光谱技术,通过连续小波变换将拉曼光谱信号转化到小波空间(墨西哥帽小波作为小波基)。该步骤能够减轻信号中基线; 变化及随机噪音的影响并找到峰位置和最佳小波尺度系数。依据小波空间中的信息,对混合物光谱及标准谱光谱进行反向搜索得到反向搜索匹配系数(Revere; match quality,; RMQ),作为判断混合物中目标成分是否存在的依据。该算法可对混合物中的目标物质进行准确定性,并已成功应用于多种食品中色素鉴定。食品中色素的检出率; 达到99%,且结果稳健,其效果明显优于传统的命中质量系数法(Hit quality index,; HQI)。这证实了小波空间反向搜索方法是一种快速而准确的拉曼光谱定性算法。In this study, a gold nanocrystal colloid was used as the enhancement; factor for surfaceenhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Raman spectra were; transformed by continuous wavelet transform (CWT),and Mexican hat; wavelet were chosen as the wavelet basis. This procedure could be used; to alleviate the influence of baseline variations and random noise,and; find peak positions and the best scale wavelet coefficients of signal.; Reverse search method was proposed to compare the spectrum of an unknown; sample with a spectrum of standard using the information in wavelet; space. Reverse match quality (RMQ) could be obtained automatically to; determine whether a substance is present. It was used to identify; colorants in a variety of food successfully. The colorants could be; identified with 99 percent accuracy. It shows a better performance; compared with traditional hit quality index (HQI). The study confirmed; that the wavelet-based reverse search is feasible and accurate in; qualitative analysis.国家自然科学基金资助项目; 国家重大科学仪器设备开发专

Study on quality standard of Minghuanggao gel

目的:研究明黄膏质量标准。方法:采用薄层色谱(TLC)法对明黄膏中的主要成分大黄、黄连、苦参进行定性鉴别;高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定明黄膏中大黄酚的含量。结果:TLC色谱中均能明显地检出大黄、黄连、苦参;HPLC法测得本品中大黄酚的含量为0.267~0.308 mg·g-1;在10.02~100.16 mg·L-1的范围内,溶液的浓度与峰面积呈良好线性关系,r=0.999 9;加样平均回收率为98.48% (n=6),RSD为1.20%。结论:本品定性、定量方法简便、准确,专属性强,质量标准能够控制该制剂的内在质量。OBJECTIVE To study the quality standard of Minghuanggao gel. METHODS Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Rhizoma Coptidis and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis in Minghuanggao gel were identified by TLC. The content of chrysophanol in this preparation was determined by HPLC. RESULTS Radix and Rhizoma Rhei, Rhizoma Coptidis and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis in Minghuang-gao gel could be detected obviously by TLC. The content of chrysophanol in this gel was 0.267 - 0.308 mg·g -1 . The linear ranges were 10.02 - 100.16 mg·L -1 with good positive correlation. The average recovery of chrysophanol was 98.48% ( n =6),RSD= 1.20% . CONCLUSION TLC is a simple, method HPLC is accurate and reliable method. The quality standard can be used for quality control of this product.甘肃省科技厅中青年科技基金资助项目(编号:YS 011 A23 015

土荆芥生长土壤的环境地球化学特征

目的研究土荆芥生长土壤地球化学特征,为土荆芥gAP管理提供环境因素的依据。方法通过对地道药材土荆芥生长环境的实地调查,并采集其生境土壤样品进行元素分析及研究适宜的肥力条件。结果土荆芥适宜生长土壤为中性或弱碱性沙质土壤,其生长土壤肥力较高,而且分析发现其中A l2O3,k2O,n I,zn,rb,bA的含量明显高于福建省及全国土壤中的平均值,含有丰富的微量元素,nA2O,k2O含量高于非生境土壤,而A l2O3,fE2O3,CAO,TIO2低于非生境土壤,且土荆芥对P、CA有选择性的富集作用。结论土壤的地球化学特征对土荆芥的生长有影响