多种手势对应同一语义的柔性映射交互算法的研究

针对智能交互界面中手势识别错误导致交互界面变化错误和手势不识别两个基本问题,本文设计并实现了基于手势交互的智能教学界面,该系统可以通过获取教师的手势信息与教师进行交互.主要创新点在于提出了多种手势对应同一语义的柔性映射交互算法.本文选取了14种自然交互手势,分析了对应同一语义的多种手势之间的共同特征.实验结果显示,该算法能够有效降低用户负荷.该算法已经用于一个基于手势交互的智能教学系统界面中.国家重点研发计划(No.2018YFB1004901)国家自然科学基金(No.61472163,No.61603151)山东省重点研发计划(No.2017GGX10146

肠道病毒71型安徽、河南株的分离与VP1序列进化分析

旨在研究手足口病患者中肠道病毒71型分离株的病毒基因型特征。采集手足口病患者的粪便标本,进行病毒分离和逆转录-聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）特异性扩增进行鉴定,同时选取其中9株EV71分离株,对其抗原决定簇部位VP1区进行核酸序列测定,并参考EV71 A、B、C各基因型的参考株和以往中国EV71的分离株进行同源分析和构建系统发生树。结果显示,所分析的9株病毒株均为C4亚型,3株安徽株H7、H8和H9的VP1序列相似度很高（≥98.8%,其中H7、H9的相似度为100.0%）,4株河南株H3、H4、H5和H6相似度较高（≥98.4%,H3、H4和H5≥99.6%,其中H3、H4的相似度为100.0%）,它们同河南株H1、H5的相似度也较高（≥97.2%）,河南株H2虽然与其他河南株具有较高的序列相似度,但进化分析表明,其与安徽株同源性较高。结果表明,安徽株H7、H8和H9株变异速率明显加快,这可能导致了手足口病在安徽省的率先爆发与大流行,河南株H2最初可能由安徽传入河南

肠道病毒71型安徽、河南株的分离与VP1序列进化分析

旨在研究手足口病患者中肠道病毒71型分离株的病毒基因型特征。采集手足口病患者的粪便标本,进行病毒分离和逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)特异性扩增进行鉴定,同时选取其中9株EV71分离株,对其抗原决定簇部位VP1区进行核酸序列测定,并参考EV71 A、B、C各基因型的参考株和以往中国EV71的分离株进行同源分析和构建系统发生树。结果显示,所分析的9株病毒株均为C4亚型,3株安徽株H7、H8和H9的VP1序列相似度很高(≥98.8%,其中H7、H9的相似度为100.0%),4株河南株H3、H4、H5和H6相似度较高(≥98.4%,H3、H4和H5≥99.6%,其中H3、H4的相似度为100.0%),它们同河南株H1、H5的相似度也较高(≥97.2%),河南株H2虽然与其他河南株具有较高的序列相似度,但进化分析表明,其与安徽株同源性较高。结果表明,安徽株H7、H8和H9株变异速率明显加快,这可能导致了手足口病在安徽省的率先爆发与大流行,河南株H2最初可能由安徽传入河南

Optimization of quantitative PCR-based measurement of mitochondrial DNA content in different tissues of Cynoglossus semilaevis

本研究旨在应用实时荧光定量PCr技术,建立半滑舌鳎(CynOglOSSuS SEMIlAEVIS)线粒体dnA(MTdnA)含量测定方法并进行优化。通过质粒标准品的线性化处理、模板dnA的酶切和超声处理、MTdnA和核dnA(ndnA)基因引物的筛选实验,建立半滑舌鳎MTdnA含量测定方法。结果表明,质粒标准品的构象对荧光定量PCr标准曲线影响较大,线性化的质粒更适合用作标准品;酚-氯仿方法提取的模板dnA适用于MTdnA含量测定,无需进行预处理;用d-lOOP和nd1这2对引物所得的拷贝数较小且结果一致,适用于MTdnA拷贝数的测定;以不同核基因为参照所得的MTdnA含量可能存在差异,当以单拷贝核基因EnC1和MyH6为参照时,可以计算出单个细胞中MTdnA含量,若以多拷贝基因gAPdH为参照,MTdnA含量测定值则较小。采用本方法分别对半滑舌鳎肝、肾、脾和肌肉组织的MTdnA含量进行重复性检测实验,结果表明,相同组织的MTdnA含量显示出良好的重复性(P>0.05),而不同组织中MTdnA含量具有差异性,可见该方法稳定可靠,能为海洋鱼类MTdnA含量检测提供借鉴。Mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) content is typically estimated as the copy number ratio of mtDNA to nuclear DNA(nDNA).However, the accuracy of mtDNA content measurement is affected by many factors, including the conformation of plasmid standards and the DNA template, the coexistence of mtDNA pseudogenes in the nuclear genome, and selection of both mtDNA and nDNA primer-pairs.To minimize the influence of these factors, an optimized method to quantify the mtDNA content in different tissues of Cynoglossus semilaevis was established using real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR).First, two sets of candidate standards(the circular and linear plasmid) and three sets of DNA templates(enzyme digested, ultrasonic treated, and untreated) were prepared to evaluate the influence of the DNA template conformation.Additionally, four mtDNA and three nDNA primer pairs were also tested to determine their adequacy for the qRT-PCR analysis.The linear plasmid standard was more appropriate than the circular one because the super helical structure of the circular plasmid caused significant overestimation in RT-qPCR.There was no significant difference in the estimates of mtDNA content resulting from different DNA templates, suggesting that the DNA extracted by phenol-chloroform is suitable without any pre-treatment for extraction.The D-loop and ND1 primers yielded the same copy number, which was also the lowest among all the mtDNA primer pairs.The copy numbers for ATP6 and COII were 3.5 and 1.5 times higher than those from D-loop and ND1, respectively.The higher copy number of ATP6 and COII may be related to the co-amplification of homologous pseudogenes in the nuclear genome.Single copy nDNA loci ENC1 and MYH6 can be used as references for detecting cell numbers of diploids, and the precise mtDNA content per cell can be calculated using the formula: mtDNA content = 2×mtDNA copy number/nDNA copy number.In contrast, the mtDNA content value was lower when using the multicopy nDNA gene locus GAPDH as a reference.To evaluate the accuracy and stability of this optimized method, we measured the mtDNA content in four tissues(liver, kidney, spleen, and muscle) of C.semilaevis.D-loop and ENC1 primer pairs were chosen for the RT-qPCR, and the mtDNA content per cell was estimated using the method established in this study.There was no significant difference between triplicate repeats in each tissue(P>0.05), which suggests that the method has excellent repeatability.Furthermore, there was a significant difference in mtDNA content among the different tissues: 244–255, 156–172, 97–107, 86–89 copies per cell were detected in liver, muscle, kidney, and spleen, respectively.国家自然科学基金项目(31172411;31201981); 国家国际科技合作专项项目(2013DFA31410

节水灌溉关键设备研制与开发

该项目属农业水土工程领域，主要研制开发了全园旋转GJY系列喷头、IC卡水量计费器、计算机网络控制灌溉系统和节水灌溉自控系列设备等4种节水灌溉关键技术产品。其主要目的在于提高我国国产节水设备性能与管理水平，促进节水产业升级。节水灌溉关键设备研制与开发主要解决了全园旋转摇臂式喷头水量分布不均、定量量水且预先收取灌溉水费的技术问题，实现远程与近程智能控制灌溉系统运行等关键技术。GJY系列金属喷头与美国雨鸟喷头相比，可使喷灌田间管网密度降低15%～25%，仅此一项每亩可节省投资150～250元。IC卡水量计费器应用于井灌区，实现了按量收费，改变了以往按面积或按时间收取水费的落后管理方式，使水资源利用效率提高30%以上。计算机网络控制系统和自控系列设备的应用，实现了科学灌溉的目的，不仅提高了水资源利用效率，而且使管理效率成倍提高。4个关键设备都具有很强的科学性和先进性，填补了我国节水灌溉设备产品的空白，研究水平总体上达到了国际同类研究的先进水平，具有广阔的产业化前景。研究成果已转化并正式投放市场，经济效益良好