福建南部海产鱼类的吸虫——Ⅰ.半尾科(Hemiuridae)种类

我国海岸线甚长,沿海鱼类丰富。寄生于鱼体的吸虫种类繁多,其中半尾亚目(Hemiuroidea)吸虫是一大类群。根据Skrjabin与Guschans-kaza(1954—1960)多年的整理,包括有15科,36亚科和105属。Yamaguti(1971)将它们修订为1总科、8科、26亚科、97属。此类吸虫绝大多数寄生于鱼类(包括海水、咸淡水及淡水鱼类),少数也见于两栖类和爬行类。国内有关本类吸虫的研究虽有些报道(唐仲璋,1951,1981;许鹏如,1954;叶英和吴淑卿,1955;唐崇惕和唐仲璋,1959;

Studies on the Epidemiology of Hydatid Disease in Tacheng District , XinJiang,P.R. China

本文报告新疆维吾尔自治区的塔城、额敏、裕民和托里等4县（市）包虫病的流行状况。抗原皮试表明当地居民平均阳性率6.8%（2995/43966）；男女性别无明显差异；阳性者最小年龄2岁，最大84岁，以41~50岁（5.3%）和51~60岁（5.4%）两组的阳性率较高；汉族的阳性率亦较高（3.9%）；阳性者又以牧民（12.5%）和农民（5.5%）较为多见。医院病例病案分析显示女性病人高于男性；多数病例为肝包虫（68.9%），其次为肺包虫（23.9%）；病例年龄最小3岁，最大77岁，但以1~10岁（22.8%）和11~20岁（26.5%）两组儿童及青少年的病人居多；汉族（64.3%）和哈族（25.2%）的病例占大多数；但大多数病人是农民（30.8%）、学生（27.2%）和工人（19.2%）。屠宰场剖检表明牛（29.9%）和羊（25.3%）的包虫病最为严重，但猪的感染率（17.5%）亦很高。24.3%的家狗感染细粒棘球绦虫，家猫剖检全部阴性。共检验4科11属14种10659只鼠类，发现0.0l%小家鼠（1/7147）和0.09%赤颊黄鼠（2/2211）自然感染多房棘球蚴，但全系不育囊，说明二者均非正常的鼠类宿主。During 1980一1992,a ganerat survey on the epidemiology of hydatid disease were carried out inTacheng, Yumin,Emin and Tuoti Country, Tacheng Region,Xinjiang. The Carsonic test with antigen of hy-datid cyst Fluid indicated that 2 995 of 43 966 inhabitants( 6.8%)were positive, with no great diFFerence insex; the youngest was 2 years old and the oldest 64 years old,but both 41一50 age aroup5.3%)and 51一60age group( 5.4%)had higher percentage; The Han Nationality, herdsman and peasants also Found to behigher in positive rate. Based on the records of cases diagnosed From locat hospitals,the positive of Female washigher than mole;majority of cases were liver hydatid diseases (68.9%),then were lung inFections(23.9%);the youngest case was 3 years old and the oldest 77 years old; both l一l0 age group and ll一20 age grouphad higher positive rate; the major cases were the Han people(64.3%), then the Hasak inhabitants(25.2%);the professional analyses showed that the majority of cases were peasants(30.8%),then the stu-dents(2.2%)and workers(19.2%).The examinations of domestic animals staughtered From the staughter house showed that about 29.9%cattles and 25.3%sheep Found to be inFected with hydatid cysts ,while pigs(17.5%)were also heavy causedby this diseasse. 24.3%dogs (20 : 107) were inFected with the adults of E. granulosus. While 18 cats exam-ined were Free From inFection.A total of 4 Familles, ll genera, 14 species and 10 659 rodents were examined,and only 0.01%(1 : 7147)Mus musculus and0.09%(2 : 2211) Citellus erythrogenys were Found to be in-Fected with alveolar metacestode of E.multitocularis,but they were all sterile cysts with no protoscolex, indi-cating these 2 species of rodents probably to be not normal hosls.国家自然科学基