Research on the Establishment of the Discovery of Evidence System of Criminal Procedure in China

证据开示制度是英美法系对抗制诉讼模式发展到一定阶段的产物，是当事人主义诉讼模式的重要内容。随着我国刑事诉讼法庭审判方式由审问制向对抗制的转变和刑事审判方式改革的进一步深化，为保障人权，为保障对抗制庭审方式顺畅运作，实现司法公正，优化司法资源配置，提高起诉、审判质量，改变辩护律师取证难现状，促进诉讼民主和司法公正，构建与之相配套的庭前证据开示制度已成为刑事审判方式改革的一大课题，并且我国司法实践已开始进行探索和尝试。从国外刑事诉讼证据开示制度看，证据开示已由控方的单方开示向控、辩双方相互开示发展，开示形式日益多样，范围日渐广阔，法官在证据开示程序中主要起着监督作用。从法理学角度和我国司法现状看，...The discovery of evidence is result of evolution of the adversary trail at certain stage in Anglo-American law system, and it is the important content of the principle of parties for criminal litigation. With the changing in China criminal court trial from inquisitorial proceedings to adversary procedure and the progressing of the criminal jurisdiction reformation, to guarantee the defendant right...学位：法律硕士院系专业：法学院法律系_诉讼法学学号：X20020803

Design of a new five-sides boring and milling head

在分析当前龙门式加工中心常用镗铣头优缺点基础上,提出一种新型五面复合镗铣头结构,介绍五面复合镗铣头传动结构,及其自动分度、自动装卸、自动换刀的工作原理和动作过程。A new structure of five-sides boring & milling head was presented based on analyzing advantages and disadvantages of boring & milling heads which are used usually in the gantry type machining center.The transmission structure of five-sides boring & milling head was introduced,and the operating principle and working process of automatic indexing,automatic loading,and automatic tool changing are given.国家自然科学基金资助项目(70772093);福建省高等学校新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目;厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20090003

Product Innovative Method Based on Requirement Analysis and TRIZ

针对企业在大规模定制生产模式下产品创新能力不足的问题,提出了基于客户需求分析和Tr Iz的产品创新流程。该流程根据从质量功能展开(Qfd)中获取的客户需求特征,利用粗糙集方法,确定客户需求的基本重要度。基于企业对需求创新核心利益、需求类型和产品“卖点“因素的分析,确定了基本重要度的修正因子,并由此确定了客户需求的最终重要度;同时根据需求-功能-结构的映射关系,建立需求-结构的对应关系,确定了产品结构要素为创新对象;然后,通过对结构要素中创新问题的分析以及依据创新问题的特点,选择Tr Iz创新工具;最后通过实例说明方法的应用。Product innovation process based on customer requirements analysis and TRIZ was proposed to solve the problem of inadequate innovation ability in the Mass Customization mode.Firstly,considering of the features of customer requirements which were obtained by Quality Function Deployment(QFD),a method to determine the fundamental importance ratings of the customer requirement was proposed by applying some related methods of rough set theory.Based on the enterprise core interests、analysis of requirement types and selling point of product analysis,the correct factor of the fundamental importance ratings were determined.Based on a combination of the fundamental importance ratings of the customer requirements and theirs factors,the final importance ratings of the customer requirements were determined;Secondly,mapping relationship of Requirement-Structure(R-S) was constructed based on the corresponding relation of Requirement-Function-Structure(R-F-S),and then the primary innovative structure element of product was determined;Thirdly,the TRIZ innovation tool was applied by means of the analysis of the structure element innovation problem and based on the characteristics of innovation problem;Finally,a case study was provided to illustrate the application of the method.国家自然科学基金资助项目(70402013;70772093);福建省科技重大专项资助项目(2008HZ0002-1);福建省高等学校新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项

Research on the Evolution & Innovation for Modular Product Family

针对当前产品族动态演进机制和系统化创新方法研究的不足,提出模块化产品族在技术层次上的创新演进方法。通过构建产品族的需求—功能—技术(rEQuIrEMEnT-funCTIOn-TECHnOlOgy,r-f-T)映射关系模型,分析当前模块化产品族的技术状况,并通过gM(1,1)模型预测模块化产品族的未来技术重要度情况;在企业内部数据的支持下,通过对模块化产品族初始问题的分析,集成应用创新思维通用理论和传统TrIz(OTSM–TrIz)的问题流网络(PrOblEM flOW nETWOrk,Pfn)技术识别并解决产品族中多个冲突问题;在技术重要度预测和新功能模块—技术关联矩阵(funCTIOn MOdulE-TECHnICAl MATrIX,fMTM)的基础上,以平台比率为依据,通过计算概念化产品族中功能模块的多样性程度,获得概念化产品族规划方案。对小型轮式装载机产品族进行了实例分析,并验证了该方法的有效性。Focusing on the shortage of dynamic evolutionary mechanism and systematic innovation methods of current product family,an innovative and evolutional method at the technical level of modular product family is put forward.The current technical condition of the modular product family is analyzed by constructing requirement-function-technology(R-F-T) mapping model of product family,and the importance of future technology of modular product family is predicted by GM(1,1) model.The multiple conflicts of product family is identified and resolved using PFN technology in the OTSM –TRIZ process,through the analysis of the initial problem of modular product family in support of enterprise data.Moreover,based on prediction of technology importance and the new function module-technical matrix(FMTM),the conceptual planning of product family is obtained by calculating the diversity of function modules of conceptual product family according to platform ratio.An analysis example of product family of small wheel loader show the effectiveness of the method.国家自然科学基金(70772093;71172055);科技部创新方法工作专项(2011M020400);国家科技支撑计划(2011BAF11B00-01);福建省科技重大(2011H6024)资助项

Traditional land use in Loess Plateau (China) and the\u27Grain-for-Green\u27 project : A case from Ansai Province, Shanxi

The purpose of this paper is to examine effects and problems of the \u27Grain for Green\u27 project of China, which progressed halfway through the onset, from the viewpoints both of ecological recovery and of changes in land use as well as rural subsistence economy. The \u27Grain for Green\u27 project tries for ecological recovery of the upper reaches of the Huang-He and the Yangtze River, by prohibition of grazing and transformation of cultivated fields in steep slopes into afforested areas. This project aims at not only ecological recovery but also rural economic development, because improvement of peasant economy is regarded as a key for future sustainability of the forests. The authors used remote sensing analysis to examine the extent of ecological recovery after the onset of the project on the one hand, and conducted intensive field research in Beisongta Village, Ansai Province, Shanxi to investigate the extent of change of traditional land use and subsistence economy on the other hand. The result of remote sensing analysis showed marked recovery of land cover, that indicates the effect of afforestation and the prohibition of grazing. Though peasant subsistence economy were greatly affected by the prohibition of sheep and goats grazing and decrease of cultivated land, hothouse cultivation which started at the same time as the project, seems to make up for them so far

质子交换膜燃料电池金属双极板改性的方法

本发明涉及质子交换膜燃料电池的制备技术，具体地说是一种质子交换膜燃料电池金属双极板改性的方法。采用三电极体系，在电解池中利用电化学合成技术(如恒电位、恒电流、循环伏安、脉冲或阶跃)在金属板表面电聚合导电聚合物膜，合成改性极板，使用的导电聚合物单体可以是苯胺、吡咯或噻吩；改性工艺为：将金属板放入预先通氮的草酸、硫酸或高氯酸和聚合物单体溶液中，以金属板为工作电极，炭板为对电极，饱和甘汞电极为参比电极。本发明对金属板进行改性，实现改善金属双极板在燃料电池环境中的耐蚀性之功效。带填

铝合金表面处理新工艺

在恒定电流密度下对铝合金进行阳极氧化处理,所得到的氧化膜比采用恒定电压阳极氧化工艺更加致密;而后在氧化膜上涂敷一层双酚A型环氧树脂,并于200℃-230℃条件下长时间加热固化封闭.所得到的膜层,电绝缘性能良好,耐腐蚀性能较其他传统封闭工艺显著增强

The Evolution of Product Family and Its Innovation Strategy in Manufacturing Enterprises

基于平台的产品族演进是企业实施大规模定制及获得持续市场竞争优势的关键。首先从宏观和微观两个层面分析了产品族动态演进的过程,提出了产品族演进三维模型和时空分析模型;接着阐述了产品族演进和企业创新之间的内在联系;最后,结合产品族演进和产品族演进创新模式,提出了制造企业产品族演进的三个创新策略,即再设计策略、扩展设计策略和升级设计策略,为大规模定制生产模式的制造企业提升产品族自主创新水平提供理论和实践参考。The platform-based product family evolution is the key issue to successfully implement Mass Customization for enterprises and establish sustainable market competitive advantages.Firstly , the dynamic evolution process of the product family was analyzed from both the macro and micro views in this paper , the three-dimensional model and the time-space analysis model of product family evolution were proposed.Then , the internal relationship between product family evolution and enterprise innovation was represented.Finally , combined the analysis of the product family evolution and innovation modes , the redesign strategy , extension design strategy and upgrade design strategy for manufacturing enterprises in the process of product family evolution were put forward , providing theoretical and application references for MC manufacturers to enhance the ability of self-independent innovation.国家自然科学基金资助项目(71172055); 科技部创新方法工作专项(2011IM020400); 厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20125017

20个燕麦品种饲草产量和品质比较分析

适宜的品种和收获时期是燕麦饲草高产和高品质的关键因素.研究了国内外20个主要饲用燕麦品种(7个裸燕麦Avena nuda L,13个皮燕麦Avena sativa L)在河北坝上地区连续种植三个生长季(2017～2019)不同生育期饲草产量的变化规律,同时比较了不同生育期燕麦的饲草品质.结果表明:(1)从孕穗期、抽穗期、开花期、乳熟期到完熟期,20个燕麦品种饲草产量(地上生物量干重)都在逐渐增加,在完熟期达到最大值.品种坝莜18号、远杂1号、GL381饲草产量在成熟期超过12 t ha~(-1).(2)随着生育期从孕穗期到完熟期,粗蛋白含量和代谢能逐渐下降,相对饲用价值先降低后增加,拐点出现在开花期或乳熟期.综合粗蛋白含量、相对饲用价值、代谢能三个品质指标,白燕9号、青引2号、陇燕3号和KONA的饲草品质较高.(3)随着生育期从孕穗期到完熟期,饲草品质产量指标粗蛋白产量、相对饲用价值产量和代谢能产量都在逐渐增加,在完熟期达到最大值,坝莜18号、远杂1号、GL381和Haywire最高.因此,建议在河北坝上及周边相似气候区种植饲草用燕麦时,根据最大生物量和最大饲草品质产量选择适宜的品种,推荐坝莜18号、远杂1号和GL381