15 research outputs found
全像圖組織設計運用於危機管理之研究--以警察組織處理紅衫軍倒扁行動為例
我國自詡為世界上最民主的國家之一,但大規模的政治性群眾事件常讓國人生活受到巨大的影響,其中的平衡點不易拿捏。姑且不論民主是如何的被定義,主要的特色之一,就是其不確定性。民主政治正是嘗試以一套複雜的程序機制,儘可能誠實將衝突與不完美暴露出來,並不斷尋求協商妥協的政治體制。本研究認為社會上龐大的情緒能量需要宣洩的管道,而群眾活動則是最佳的情緒出口。
警察扮演著社會秩序維護者的角色,而警察機關往往將群眾事件列為組織外部的重大危機。蓋因大規模的群眾抗爭事件易牽涉到政治層次,若處理不慎,將引起流血衝突與造成社會不安,警察亦將成為眾矢之的或淪為政治角力下的犧牲者。而本研究嘗試結合危機管理理論及全像圖組織設計之概念,輔以實證方式探討警察組織面對「紅衫軍」此一大規模政治性群眾運動之作為與實際產生之影響,發掘理論上與實務上問題,據以提出相關建議。
本研究廣泛蒐集有關危機管理、群眾活動、全像圖組織設計等理論論述文獻與研究資料,並藉由報紙、雜誌及網路等工具蒐集「紅衫軍倒扁行動」之個案資料。此外,為增加本研究之廣度與深度,亦對實際面對、處理紅衫軍活動的警察組織不同層級人員與紅衫軍群眾進行深度訪談,以獲得第一手之資料。
本研究共分六章,第一章指出研究動機、研究目的與研究問題、研究範圍與限制並對重要名詞作出界定。在第二章,回顧群眾活動與危機管理的基本概念與意涵,從而建立起本研究的基本知識架構,並透過對危機管理、群眾活動及全像圖組織等領域相關期刊論文及碩博士論文之檢閱,瞭解相關領域所作研究之知識前緣。而於第三章,本研究藉由探討危機管理理論並結合警察實務現況,歸納出可由領導決策、組織運作、策略規範等三個面向來落實危機管理之具體實踐,該章亦對本研究爰引全像圖組織設計概念的思考過程,及有關全像圖組織設計理論重點進行深入說明與探討。
第四章說明本研究之研究方法與研究流程、研究架構及研究設計。而第五章先對紅衫軍倒扁行動作概略性的描述,並由訪談結果描繪出警察組織在紅衫軍倒扁行動上之處置作為及警察組織與紅衫軍之互動關係。第六章為本研究之結論,除提出理論上、實務上及有關警察組織在危機管理機制建構上的研究發現外,並對於本研究較不足之處提出檢討與建議,以作為後續研究之參考
Regulation and function of LMP1 in epithelial cells
published_or_final_versionAnatomyDoctoralDoctor of Philosoph
PEMFC不锈钢双极板离子镀CrNX薄膜表面改性
用电弧离子镀膜技术通过改变N2流量的方法,在质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)中用不锈钢双极板表面沉积一系列不同N含量的CrNx改性薄膜,对薄膜的成分、结构与接触电阻、耐蚀性能进行了测试。结果表明,沉积CrNx薄膜能够明显改善双极板的表面性能,并且其性能随着薄膜中N含量的变化而变化。与原始不锈钢相比,接触电阻降低1个数量级,耐腐蚀性能提高2个数量级。其中N含量为46.2%时,接触电阻降低到了11.8mΩ·cm^2(0.8MPa夹紧力);N含量为50.5%时,极化电流降低到10^-7A/cm^2(电极电位为0.6V)。分析表明,双极板处理后性能的改善与电弧离子镀薄膜的致密度较高,以及薄膜的成分、结构随薄膜中N含量的变化有关
Technical Development and Research Improvement in Biological Control of Plant Pests (II)
環保意識的抬頭與人類對食品安全的關注,使得農作物病蟲害的生物防治工作受到社會大眾的重視,因此,本計畫目的在於研發作物病蟲害生物防治策略,以便能有效在農業生態體系中推展應用.本計畫涵蓋有九個子計畫,它們個別的工作目標如下:即 (1) 由夏威夷引進銀葉粉蝨的天敵Encarsia pergandiella, E. hispida及E. mineoi,探討它們防蟲之功效與飼養、檢疫等工作; (2) 探討斑潛蠅發生生態,調查本土現有斑潛蠅之天敵種類及引進有效的寄生性天敵,作為生物防治之用; (3) 評估黑殭菌各菌株致病力與抗環境逆境;利用黑殭菌DNA多元性特定條帶作出DNA-probe,供田間生態及施用存活調查; (4) 探討大量飼育捕植蹣類天敵,建立捕植對卵孢子發芽、感染與傳播的影響;施用增產菌FG-1菌株與滅達樂,以期延緩病害發生與促進薑株生長; (6) 利用本地產蟲生線蟲(Steinernema abbasi),研發出適合台灣蔬菜害蟲之安全有效的生物防治技術; (7) 觀察飼育紅點唇瓢蟲之基本需求,評估其生物防治梨圓介殼蟲之潛力; (8) 利用生物分析法篩選具有抑制病原菌的作物殘渣與植體,並輔以HPLC或GC分析它們所含有的硫配糖體種類及分解產物,藉以瞭解各分解產物的殺菌與抑菌功效; (9) 針對本地種蟲生線蟲Steinernema abbasi對蔬菜主要害蟲如小菜蛾、白粉蝶、大菜螟及菜心螟蟲的致病力進行生物檢定與施用技術.Biological control of plant pests has received considerable attention throughout the world, drawing momentum from the growing public concern regarding the widespread use of hazardous chemicals in pest control. In order to develop and apply biocontrol strategies in agriecosystem, the objectives of this project including nine sub-projects are (1) to import a whitefly parasitoids, Encarsia pergandiella, E. hispida and E. mineoi from Hawaii and study their efficacy on controlling the silver leaf whitefly; (2) to study the distribution, occurrence, seasonal abundance, population dynamics and damage of leafminers in southern area and test the basic biology, parasitic rates of introduced parasitoids; (3) to screen Metarhizium anisopliae strains having high entomopathogenicity, more resistant against UV light and the fungicides; to analyze the genetic diversity and relationship of the tested green mascardine fungi by using electrophoretic fingerprinting; (4) to develop biocontrol technologies of the spider mites with their predaceous mites, which depends upon the availble mass rearing skills and their lowering costs determined by the design of artificial rearing arena and supplemental foods; (5) to study the ecology of ginger soft rotdisease including the transmission of the disease through seed ginger; the temperature effect on the oospore germination, infection and spreading. Also, to study the use of both metalaxyl and YIB (yield increasing bacteria) isolate Fg-1 to delay the disease development and increase the plant growth; (6) to investigate biological control of vegetable pests using the indigenous species, Steinernema abbasi, in safe and effective control measures; (7) to study the basic rearing requirement for Chilocorus kuwanae and to provide a preliminary assessment of its potential as a biological agent of the San Jose Scale, Quadraspidiotus perniciosus; (8) to determine the effect of volatile compound released from leaf and seed of Brassica species on the natural isothiocynate fumigant for integrated control of crop soilborne diseases; (9) to develop a vermiculite, formulation of Steinernema abbasi to control four vegetable pests, such as diamondback moth, imported cabbageworm, cabbage pyralid and cabbage webworm
油菜高光效育种的难点及解决策略
为了促进油菜高光效育种的研究进展,在剖析油菜高光效育种的难点、研究缺陷及有利条件的基础上,根据油菜超高产育种目标和生产实际需求,提出以下解决思路与方法:通过多途径创制甘蓝型油菜种质资源,拓宽高光效种质的筛选范围;建立综合鉴定指标体系,对高光效种质进行鉴定和定向改良,增加高光效种质的实用效率;构建油菜高光效结构指标体系,提高群体光合效能;多途径利用杂种优势,建立快速、高效的油菜高光效杂交育种方法体系;开展油菜高光效分子设计育种,提高育种效率;研究和实施油菜高光效栽培技术,促使光合效能的持续、稳定发挥
油菜角果光合特性研究现状及改良思路
为了加强油菜角果光合特性研究,实现以提高角果光合效率途径来提高油菜产量、品质及抗性的目标,在总结前人工作的基础上,本文从角果光合色素、光合面积、光合参数日变化、光合碳同化途径等6个方面,从结角层结构、光能截获、光合机能调节、理想高光效结角层构建等4个方面,从角果光合产物对产量的贡献、光合产物高效转化的原因、角果光合调节等3个方面,分别对油菜角果光合特性、结角层的光合机能、角果光合产物与产量的关系进行了综述;在分析目前油菜角果光合特性研究存在的不足和有利条件的基础上,结合高光效育种目标,提出了从8个方面进一步开展油菜角果光合特性研究的思路和方法
元素分析-稳定同位素质谱法结合化学计量学 鉴别橄榄油掺假Olive oil adulteration identification using elemental analysis-stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer coupled with chemometrics
为建立快速鉴别橄榄油掺假的检测方法,以特级初榨橄榄油、玉米油、猪油、牛油和鸭油为实验材料,通过元素分析-稳定同位素质谱仪测定油脂的δ13C、δ18O和δ2H,并结合化学计量学鉴定橄榄油掺假。采用主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(OPLS-DA)两种统计分析方法建立不同油脂的鉴别模型和橄榄油掺假鉴别模型。结果表明:橄榄油的δ13C、δ18O和δ2H范围分别在-30.411×10-3~-28.996×10-3、23.583×10-3~25.581×10-3、-163.611×10-3~-132.251×10-3 之间;橄榄油与玉米油、猪油、牛油和鸭油的OPLS-DA鉴别模型准确性稍好,3个变量δ13C、δ2H和δ18O对不同油脂区分的贡献度VIP值分别为1.056、0.997和0.943;使用其他4种油脂对橄榄油进行掺假时,OPLS-DA鉴别模型可明显区分橄榄油与掺假油;PCA-Class鉴别模型对橄榄油掺入玉米油、猪油、牛油和鸭油的检测限分别为5.8%、5.6%、6.4%和12.5%,盲样验证鉴别准确率可达100%。该方法所构建的鉴别模型准确可靠,可有效识别橄榄油中掺入玉米油、猪油、牛油和鸭油。
To establish a rapid detection method for the adulteration of olive oil,extra virgin olive oil, maize oil, lard, beef tallow and duck fat were used as materials, and an elemental analysis-stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer determining δ13C,δ18O and δ2H couple with chemometrics was established to identify olive oil adulteration. Two statistical analysis methods, principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), were used to establish identification models for different oils and olive oil adulteration. The results showed that the δ13C,δ18O and δ2H of olive oil range from -30.411×10-3--28.996×10-3, 23.583×10-3-25.581×10-3 and -163.611×10-3--132.251×10-3, respectively. The accuracy of the OPLS-DA identification model of olive oil, maize oil, lard, beef tallow and duck fat was slightly better. The VIP values of δ13C, δ2H and δ18O were 1.056, 0.997 and 0.943, respectively. When adulterating olive oil with the other four kinds of oils, the OPLS-DA identification models could clearly distinguish olive oil from adulterated oil. The limits of determination of maize oil, lard, beef tallow and duck fat adulterated in olive oil were 5.8%, 5.6%, 6.4% and 12.5% respectively by PCA-Class model, and the test sample verification accuracy could reach 100%. The identification models constructed are accurate and reliable, and can effectively identify the adulteration of maize oil, lard, beef tallow and duck fat in olive oil