一种粘土矿物负载均匀分散金属离子/原子催化剂及其制备方法

本发明提供的一种粘土矿物负载均匀分散金属离子/原子催化剂及其制备方法，涉及催化剂技术领域。一种粘土矿物负载均匀分散金属离子/原子催化剂，包括步骤：将粘土矿物和金属盐混合，依次进行加热、洗涤、干燥即可得到产品，优选地，将产品原位还原；或者将粘土矿物和金属盐的水溶液混合，依次进行搅拌或浸置、洗涤、干燥、粉碎、加热即可得到产品，优选地，将产品原位还原。本发明以粘土矿物和金属盐为原料，利用粘土矿物硅氧四面体复六方孔固定金属离子/原子，从而得到一种粘土矿物负载均匀分散金属离子/原子催化剂，该催化剂稳定性好，催化效率高，催化活性高，可用于多种催化反应

一种快速离子交换的方法、减电荷黏土矿物及其制备方法

本发明提供了一种快速离子交换的方法、减电荷黏土矿物及其制备方法。其中减电荷黏土矿物的制备方法，包括：使黏土矿物与熔融状态的金属盐接触并保温，依次进行洗涤，干燥即可得到产品，优选地，所述金属盐包括至少一种金属离子半径小于黏土矿物片层六方孔洞半径的金属盐。本发明还包括由上述制备方法制备而成的减电荷黏土矿物。快速离子交换的方法，主要包括：将黏土矿物与熔融状态的金属盐接触并保温，金属离子与黏土矿物层间阳离子交换，从而实现黏土矿物的快速离子交换。此外，熔盐能够提供一个稳定、可控的液体环境，熔盐使用后易于回收，不会对环境造成污染。本发明的制备方法有利于不同层间阳离子和不同电荷密度黏土矿物的规模化制备

Concentration and fractionation of phosphorous in soils with acidulated pig biochar

To determine the effect of addition of acidulated pig bio char on phosphorus (P) availability and fractionation in soils,an incubation experiment was carried out using a randomized complete block design having five treatments:an untreated control (ck),acidulated pig biochar,raw pig biochar,single superphosphate,and calcium magnesium phosphate,with three replications.Each amendment was mixed with soil at 0.1% (w/ w) and placed in a plastic pot.Soil samples were taken from each pot after a 210-day incubation period to assess P fractionation using modified Hedley's sequential extraction procedures.A correlation analysis was also included.Results showed that,compared to ck,electrical conductivity (EC) of the soil increased (P superphosphate > calcium magnesium phosphate > raw pig biochar.The percentage of stable P pools decreased (P<0.05) with addition of the amendments,and the proportion of the stable P pools was negatively correlated to the proportion of labile (R~2=0.86,P<0.01) and moderately labile (R~2=0.94,P<0.01) P pools.The acidulated pig biochar treatment significantly (P<0.05) increased the concentration of all P fractions and maintained a relatively low proportion of stable P in the treated soil.In conclusion,with significant differences in soil P concentrations and fractionations between acidulated pig biochar and chemical P fertilizers treatments tested,it would be potentially viable to use acidulated pig biochar as an alternative P fertilizer and substitute for superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate in agricultural production