Character Learning Strategies and Teaching Methods Research of Euro-American Students in Primary Stage

汉字学习策略是指学习者为了促进汉字的获得、存储、提取和利用而进行的操作。为使汉字学习策略有效实施，课堂教学应该根据学习者的具体情况来制定教学策略。欧美学生存在字形辨认、笔画书写、汉字发音以及字义识记等方面的汉字学习难点，在课堂教学中，教师应根据他们的实际情况，根据他们的汉字学习策略使用情况，结合汉字自身的特点，以学习和记忆的信息加工理论为依据，提出与汉字学习策略相匹配的教授方法，培养他们的汉字策略意识，提高他们的汉字学习效果。对他们的汉字学习策略和教授方法的研究具有重要的理论与实践意义。本次调查采用问卷调查的方法，对厦门大学海外教育学院初级阶段欧美汉语学习者进行调查。囿于样本量的大小，又通过e...Character learning strategies are the operations that learners employ to obtain, store, pick-up and utilize characters. Teaching methods in class should be arranged according to learners’ specific situations in order to make those strategies carried out effectively. Considering the Euro-American students usually have difficulties in some aspects of character learning, such as font recognition, str...学位：文学硕士院系专业：人文学院中文系_语言学及应用语言学学号：2005130001

China's Law System about Risk Aversion in Foreign Merge and Acquisition

外资在给中国经济发展带来助力的同时，也在不断吞噬中国。一套完善的外资并购风险防范的法律制度对中国经济未来的平稳发展不可或缺。而我国针对外资并购风险防范的法律制度起步晚，不成熟。本文旨在针对我国在这方面的缺陷提出一些具体制度构想。 第一章首先对外资并购风险防范中的基本概念进行了归总。然后介绍了美国、日本、俄罗斯、巴西现有外资并购风险防范法律制度中体现出的他们对待外资的态度，以及在反垄断、行业准入、安全审查等方面具有借鉴意义的法律制度。 第二章首先对我国现有的外资并购风险防范制度的立法过程进行了梳理，并阐述了其在设计上存在的缺少理性化和系统化的弱点。然后从风险承受的不同主体——个人、企业、国家...While the foreign capital offers support to china’s development, it also brings tremendous risk. One consummate law system of risk aversion in foreign merge and acquisition is necessary to the sustainable development of Chinese economy from the long term. However, relevant legal institutions are undeveloped and immature. This paper aims at providing a perfection plan which can make up for the defi...学位：法律硕士院系专业：法学院_法律硕士(JM)学号：1302010115026

Design and Implementation of Professional Management System for Coal Tax

摘要 2010年，国税总局提出实行税收专业化管理，概括为“科学分类、探索规律、整合资源、集约管理”，科学分类包括分规模、分行业、分重点，其中分行业管理推行以风险管理为导向。 随着煤炭行业发展，煤炭税收是我市继烟草行业之后的重点产业，我市国家税务局为规范煤炭行业税收征管秩序，提高煤炭行业税收管理质量，已探索出了一套行之有效的专业化管理办法，但由于没有信息化技术的支撑，基本是人工采集数据和处理数据，基层税务工作人员的工作量特别大，导致这套管理办法很难持久执行，也很难在全市进行推广使用，因此，构建一个稳定、高效、实用的煤炭税收专业化管理平台迫在眉睫。 本文以A市国家税务局实施实施煤炭税收专业化...Abstract In 2010, the State Administration of Taxation propose to implement tax professional management, summarized as "scientific classification, discover the law, integration of resources, intensive management, scientific classification include sub-scale, sub-sector, sub focus, in which the sub-industry management-oriented implementation of risk management. With the development of the coal ind...学位：工程硕士院系专业：软件学院_工程硕士(软件工程)学号：X201123030

A reliability study of students' rating on teachers' teaching on the basis of the generalization theory

通过计算概化系数和可靠性指数来评价医科院校教师教学水平学生评价量表的信度。结果发现:教学内容、教学方法、教学态度、教学效果领域信度较好,教学组织领域信度尚可,若要修改,可考虑增加教学组织的条目数,减少其他领域的条目数。Objective: This study uses the generalization theory to check the reliability of students' rating on teachers' teaching on the basis of the generalization theory. While the findings indicate good reliability in the areas of teaching content,method,attitude and outcome,the reliability of teaching arrangement indicates changes need to be made probably by increasing questions in this survey item.昆明医科大学教研教改项目(2013JY-Y39

From anomie to specification: Research on related problems of sports charity

运用文献资料法、比较法、逻辑分析法,从我国体育慈善失范问题入手,指出当体育慈善失范发生时,规范的调节手段会对失范进行矫治,使其在规范中有序发展,并最终步入正确的运行轨道。With the methods of literature, comparison, logical analysis, started from our country's sports charity anomie.Then pointed out when the sports charity anomie, standardized means of regulation will correct the anomie, the orderly development in the specification, and finally into the orbit of the right

AN ENZYME HISTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES IN DIABETIC RATS

目的探讨糖尿病早期肋间肌酶组织化学变化。方法应用酶组织化学方法观察糖尿病2周和4周大鼠肋间肌组织脱氢酶、水解酶和氧化酶活性变化。结果糖尿病2周大鼠肋间肌组织琥珀酸脱氢酶、谷氨酸脱氢酶和辅酶Ⅰ黄递酶活性较对照组增强,乳酸脱氢酶活性较对照组减弱,苹果酸脱氢酶、异柠檬酸脱氢酶、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶、酸性磷酸酶、酸性-α-萘酸性酯酶和细胞色素氧化酶无变化。糖尿病4周大鼠肋间肌组织琥珀酸脱氢酶、苹果酸脱氢酶、谷氨酸脱氢酶、辅酶Ⅰ黄递酶、酸性磷酸酶和酸性-α-萘酸性酯酶活性较对照组增强,乳酸脱氢酶和细胞色素氧化酶活性较对照组减弱,异柠檬酸脱氢酶、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶无变化。结论糖尿病2周大鼠肋间肌组织有氧氧化代谢能力增强,糖酵解能力减弱。糖尿病4周大鼠肋间肌组织有氧氧化能力增强、糖酵解能力减弱及能量代谢紊乱。在糖尿病早期呼吸肌存在代谢异常。Objective To study the enzymic activity changes of intercostal muscles in rats with early-stage diabetes.Methods Enzyme histochemical methods were used to observe changes in the enzymic activities of dehydrogenases,hydrolases and oxidases in 2ed and 4th week diabetic rat intercostal muscles.Results The activites of SDH(succinate dehydrogenase),GDH(glutamate dehydrogenase)and NADHD(NADH diaphorase) were increased in 2ed week diabetic intercostal muscles in comparison with those of the controls.LDH(lactate dehydrogenase) activity was decreased whereas MDH(malate dehydrogenase),ICDH(isocitrate dehydrogenase),G-6-PD(glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase),ACP(acid phosphatase),ANAE(acid α-naphtyl acid esterase) and CCO(cytochrome oxidase) had no changes in 2ed week diabetic rats.The activites of SDH,MDH,GDH,NADHD,ACP and ANAE in 4th week diabetic rat intercostal muscles were significantly higher than those of control rats.The activites of LDH and CCO were significantly lower.ICDH and G-6-PD showed no apparent alteration.Conclusion The results indicate that the aerobic capacity is higher and the glycolytic capacity is lower in 2ed week diabetic rat intercostal muscles.There are increased aerobic capacity,decreased glycolytic capacity,and disturbed lipid and energy metabolism in intercostal muscles of 4th week diabetic rats.Thus the enzymic activities of dehydrogenases,hydrolases and oxidases are changed in early-stage diabetes,which can accelerate the destruction of respiratory muscles

Fibroblast-like synoviocytes from adjuvant arthritis rat were transfected with plasmid over-expressed TIPE2 and its related analysis

目的:通过TIPE2表达质粒转染大鼠佐剂型关节炎(AA)成纤维样滑膜细胞(flS),体外研究AA的发病中TIPE2对dr5介导细胞凋亡的作用。方法:应用MIgr1/TIPE2+/+表达质粒,经脂质体法导入AA-flS细胞中,转染72小时后,荧光显微镜检测质粒自带gfP基因的表达情况确认转染效率,以未作处理的AA-flS为对照组,用半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(rT-PCr)检测TIPE2 MrnA的表达,用WESTErn blOT法检测TIPE2蛋白的表达变化,MTT法以及流式细胞术检测抗dr5功能性单链抗体zf1对两组细胞生长的影响。结果:成功获得荧光强度90%的TIPE2过表达AA-flS细胞,TIPE2 MrnA及蛋白表达显著提高。抗dr5单链抗体zf1对TIPE2+/+的flS组细胞具有明显生长抑制及凋亡诱导作用,与不作处理的flS组相比差异显著。结论:TIPE2+/+表达质粒明显提升AA-flS的TIPE2蛋白表达水平,TIPE2对dr5介导细胞凋亡有重要作用。Objective: Fibroblast-like synoviocytes from adjuvant arthritis( AA) rat were transfected with plasmid over-ex- pressed TIPE2+ / +,then apoptosis mediated by TIPE2 on DR5 and its pathological role in adjuvant arthritis( AA) were studied in vitro.Methods: The plasmid of MIGR1 / TIPE2+ / +were transfected to AA-FLS by liposome,after 72 h,the expression of GFP gene that plasmid owned was identified by fluorescence microscope in confirm transfection efficiency,TIPE2 mRNA expression was detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction( RT-PCR),TIPE2 protein expression of AA-FLS were detected by Western blot.The growth resistance of cells mediated by ZF1( DR5 single chain antibody) was detected by MTT method and flow cy- tometry.Results: Plasmid over-expressed TIPE2+ / +were transfected to AA-FLS successfully as the fluorescence intensity reached 90%,TIPE2 mRNA and protein expression were significantly improved.Furthermore,the growth inhibition and apoptosis induction effect on FLS / TIPE2+ / +were significant,compared with FLS without processing.Conclusion: TIPE2 expression level in AA-FLS are significantly improved by transfecting plasmid expressed TIPE2+ / +,TIPE2 plays an important pathological role in apoptosis mediated by DR5.国家自然科学项目基金(81072472); 福建省自然科学项目基金(2012J01416)资

Preparation and selection of the monoclonal antibody used for kits to detect BNP32 which was applied to clinical research

目的:制备抗脑钠肽(bnP32)单克隆抗体(MAb),并利用双抗体夹心ElISA法建立bnP抗原检测技术,应用于临床心脏患者脑钠肽水平的检测。方法:以基因工程原核重组表达bnP抗原免疫bAlb/C小鼠,利用常规杂交瘤技术制备MAb,MAb经纯化和HrP标记后,利用双抗体夹心ElISA法筛选检测bnP32蛋白的最佳配对MAb,以其建立bnP32抗原检测技术,并与临床bnP检测的标准实验做平行比较。结果:成功筛选到16株稳定分泌抗bnP32MAb的杂交瘤细胞株,16株MAb的亚型分别为Igg1、Igg2A和IgM,并从中筛选出最佳MAb配对组合,该组合对bnP32蛋白的检测灵敏度为20ng/l。建立的双抗体夹心bnP检测ElISA法与临床bnP检测的标准实验平行比较具有很好的一致性(kAPPA值=0.828),两者没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:成功地建立了bnP32抗原的双抗体夹心ElISA法检测技术,并能够很好地运用于临床心衰患者bnP指标的检测。AIM:To prepare the monoclonal antibody(mAb)used for kits to detect the BNP32 antigen by means of double-antibody sandwich ELISA assay.Comparasion differences on detection BNP between double-antibody sandwich ELISA and Roche ECL.METHODS:BALB/c mice were immunized with purified recombinant BNP32 protein and by routine hybridoma technique,Then comparasion differences on detection BNP between double-antibody sandwich ELISA and Roche ECL.RESULTS:16 hybridoma cell lines secreting potent mAb against BNP32 were obtained.The subtype of these 16 mAb were found to be IgG1,IgG2a and IgM,then their cross-blocking properties were analyzed,when they reacted with the BNP32 protein in direct ELISA in order to offer the valuable data for selecting feasible pair of mAb in the detection of the BNP32 antigen.All the mAbs were used for the detection of BNP32 by double-antibody sandwich ELISA.In addition,the mAbs were purified and HRP-labelled in advance.Finally,we had successfully screened a pair of mAbs,which exhibited a sensitivity of 20 ng/L for the detection of BNP32 antigen.The two detection methods have very good consistency(kappa=0.828>0.75)between double-antibody sandwich ELISA and Roche ECL.There was no statistics significance on differences between these two methods(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:It is evident that this pair of mAb shows excellent detection of BNP32.The double-antibody sandwich ELISA can be good apply to detect BNP level in clinical congestive heart failure patients

Vegetation carbon stocks and net primary productivity of the mangrove forests in Shenzhen,China

红树林是滨海湿地"蓝碳"的主要类型之一.准确和定位评估不同植物群落的固碳能力,对于红树林保育管理和恢复造林具有指导作用.本研究对深圳福田红树林4种代表性群落(白骨壤群落、秋茄群落、海桑群落、无瓣海桑群落)的各个植被碳库组分(乔木植物生物量碳库、林下灌丛碳库、呼吸根碳库、枯立木碳库、枯倒木碳库和枯枝落叶层碳库等)进行调查,计算各群落的植被碳储量,并通过生长增量-凋落物产量法计算得到各群落的净初级生产力.结果表明:白骨壤群落、秋茄群落、海桑群落和无瓣海桑群落的植被碳储量分别为28.7、127.6、100.1、73.6 t C·hm~(-2),各群落的净初级生产力分别为8.75、7.67、9.60、11.87 t C·hm~(-2)·a~(-1).位于深圳市中心的福田红树林,每年固定大气CO2高达4000 t.本研究结果将为红树林"蓝碳"碳汇功能的评估提供理论指导,并为我国红树林碳汇林建设提供依据.Mangroves are the most important coastal blue carbon sinks. The accurate estimation on the carbon sequestration capacity of plant communities would guide the mangrove conservation,afforestation and management. This study investigated the vegetation carbon stocks of dominant mangrove communities,which were Avicennia marina,Kandelia obovata,Sonneratia caseolaris,and Sonneratia apetala in Futian Nature Mangrove Reserve in Shenzhen,Guangdong Province of China.Vegetation carbon stock consisted of living trees( aboveground and belowground biomass),understory,pneumatophore,standing dead trees,fallen dead trees and litter in these communities. The net primary productivity( NPP) was calculated from the litterfall and incremental growth in the same year of each community. Our results showed that the vegetation carbon stocks for A. marina,K. obovata,S. caseolaris,and S. apetala communities were 28. 7,127. 6,100. 1,and 73. 6t C·hm~(-2),and the NPP were 8.75,7.67,9.60,and 11.8 t C·hm~(-2)·a~(-1),respectively. Therefore,acting as urban forests,Futian mangroves in Shenzhen assimilated about 4000 t CO2·a-1.These results provided guidance for mangrove blue carbon assessment,and theoretical basis for the construction of coastal carbon sequestration forests in China.国家自然科学基金项目(31270581);; 福建省自然科学基金项目(2013J01145);; 深圳城市管理局科研项目(201406)资助~

抗人DR5单克隆抗体的制备、鉴定及活性分析

目的制备抗人DR5单克隆抗体(mAb),鉴定其特性,并进行生物学活性分析。方法以纯化的可溶性DR5(sDR5)免疫Balb/c小鼠,杂交瘤技术制备抗人DR5mAb;运用ELISA、SDS-PAGE电泳方法测定抗DR5mAb与sDR5结合的特性;Ig亚类ELISA试剂盒鉴定抗DR5mAb亚类;间接ELISA法检测腹水mAb效价;流式细胞仪检测肿瘤细胞表面DR5的表达水平;流式细胞仪检测抗DR5单克隆抗体(mAb)诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的功能。结果获得1株可分泌抗DR5mAb的杂交瘤细胞系R150。SDS-PAGE电泳检测证实,获得的R150可特异性地识别DR5;R150的Ig亚类为IgGI(λ型);腹水效价为1×106;通过流式细胞仪可敏感地检测到肿瘤细胞表面DR5的表达水平及R150诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡情况。结论获得1株可分泌抗DR5mAb的细胞系R150,抗体具有效价高、特异性强等特点并能有效诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,具有较好的应用价值