Studies on the eco-physiological mechanisms for the key techniques in mangrove afforestation in the diurnal tidal region

本研究针对制约当前我国红树林造林的最关键的两个自然因素：潮汐淹水和污损动物胁迫进行系统研究，目的是为科学划分红树林宜林地提供关键的技术参数，为红树林污损动物防治提供技术方法，从而提高红树林生态恢复工程的成功率。研究内容包括：1.红树植物淹水胁迫研究。在全日潮海区滩涂上建造野外试验平台，围绕当地平均海平面设置了8个滩面高程梯度，开展白骨壤(Avicenniamarina)、桐花树(Aegicerascorniculatum)、秋茄(Kandeliaobovata)、红海榄(Rhizophorastylosa)和木榄(Bruguieragymnorrhiza)等5种红树植物幼苗淹水胁迫试验，探索这...Focused on the two key factors determining the chance of successful mangrove afforestation, i.e. flooding and fouling stress, the present study aimed at providing the supporting parameters for reasonable selection of suitable tidal flat for mangrove afforestation, and for controlling technique to the mangrove fouling fauna as well. This study consisted of three aspects, 1) the eco-physiological re...学位：理学博士院系专业：生命科学学院生物学系_植物学学号：2162006015328

Prevention of barnacles on planted Rhizophora stylosa Griff seedlings with pesticide malathion and related eco-physiological effects

设置4种施药频度(3、7、14和28d)和马拉硫磷4种浓度(分别为原农药浓度45%的1/200、1/400、1/600和1/800)处理,在初植红海榄(Rhizophora stylosa Griff)幼苗上开展了1年防治藤壶试验。结果表明:随施药浓度和频度提高,处理组幼苗上藤壶生物量显著降低,且所有处理组均显著低于对照组(P<0.001);红海榄茎生物量和高度对施药浓度和频度不表现规律性反应;同一浓度的28d频度处理组幼苗的叶和根生物量及叶面积均低于其他频度处理组;在同一浓度下,施药频度越高叶数保持越多;3、7和14d频度处理组幼苗死亡率均较低,仅0~5%,28d频度处理组死亡率较高,为11%~22%,但对照组死亡率达39%;幼苗死亡率与藤壶生物量之间存在显著正相关关系(P<0.001),与叶生物量、叶数、根生物量及新生器官生物量存在显著负相关关系(P<0.001),与茎高、茎生物量、原繁殖体生物量等相关性不显著;施用农药造成红海榄幼苗叶绿素总量降低,Chl(a/b)比值上升,同时抗氧化酶系SOD和POD活性增大。建议在平均海平面高程的滩涂上造林,可采用频度14d、浓度1/800马拉硫磷喷雾防治藤壶。A one-year experiment on the prevention of the barnacles on planted Rhizophora stylosa Griff seedlings with malathion was conducted at Yingluo bay of Guangxi, China. Four pesticide concentrations (1/200, 1/400, 1/600, and 1/800 seawater solution of the original malathion concentration (45%)) and four spraying frequencies (every 3, 7, 14, and 28 days) were installed. The results showed that with increasing pesticide concentration and spraying frequency, the barnacle biomass on the seedlings decreased significantly, and all the treatments had a significantly lower barnacle biomass than the control (P<0.001). The seedlings stem biomass and height did not have definite patterns of responses to the pesticide concentration and spraying frequency. At the same pesticide concentration, spraying it every 28 days gave the lowest root biomass, leaf biomass and leaf area, and the more the spraying frequency, the more the leaves preserved. Also at the same pesticide concentration, spraying it every 28 days gave the highest mortality (11%-22%) of the seedlings, while spraying every 3, 7 and 14 days only gave 0-5% of the mortality. However, the mortality in control group reached 39%. Statistical analysis indicated that the seedlings mortality had a significant positive correlation with barnacle biomass (P<0.001), significant negative correlations with leaf biomass, leaf number, root biomass, and neonatal biomass (P<0.001), but no significant correlations with seedlings stem height, stem biomass, and remained propagule biomass. Spraying malathion decreased the seedlings leaf chlorophyll content, but increased the leaf Chl (a/b) ratios and SOD and POD activities. It was proposed that in case of mangrove forestation on tidal flats at mean sea level, spraying malathion at the concentration of 1/800 and with a frequency of every 14 days could prevent barnacle effectively.国家自然科学基金项目(30670317);; 厦门大学“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”项目(X07115);; 广西科学基金项目(0640014);; 北海市科技攻关资助项目(200601057

Effects of mixed-culture densities of Spartina alterniflora on eco-physiological characteristics of Kandelia candel seedling

按照不同密度将互花米草与秋茄进行混种,对比研究胁迫条件下秋茄幼苗生长、光合特性及其渗透调节物质变化规律。结果表明,低密度互花米草促进秋茄的茎长以及各部分生物量,高密度则起抑制作用。随着互花米草密度的增大,秋茄幼苗叶片光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、水分利用率和蛋白含量均下降;相反,胞间CO2浓度、可溶性糖、淀粉、脯氨酸含量却上升,这些变化有利于对抗互花米草带来的不利影响。 【英文摘要】 Kandelia candel seedlings were mix-cultured with Spartina alterniflora of different densities for 120 days,and their growth,photosynthetic characteristics as well as osmotic adjustment law were studied.The results showed that the stem height and biomass of K.candel seedlings were enhanced with low density S.alterniflora and inhabited with high density ones.With the density of S.alterniflora going up,Pn、Gs、Tr、WUE and protein content in K.candel seedlings decreased respectively.On the contrary,the content of ...国家自然科学基金资助项目(30670317,30271065);; 福建省自然科学基金资助项目(D0210001

Species diversity in mangrove wetlands of China and its causation analyses

作者简介: 何斌源( 1969 ~ ), 男, 广西东兴市人, 博士生, 主要从事海洋生态学研究. E-mail: [email protected] * 通讯作者Corresponding author. E-mai:l [email protected][中文文摘]目前中国红树林湿地共记录了2854种生物,包括真菌136种、放线菌13种、细菌7种、小型藻类441种、大型藻类55种、维管束植物37种、浮游动物109种、底栖动物873种、游泳动物258种、昆虫434种、蜘蛛31种、两栖类13种、爬行类39种、鸟类421种和兽类28种。这些动物中有8种国家一级保护动物,75种二级保护动物。中国红树林湿地是中国濒危生物保存和发展的重要基地,并在跨国鸟类保护中起着重要作用。中国红树林湿地单位面积的物种丰度是海洋平均水平的1766倍。从初级生产物质基础、食物关系多样性、宏观尺度和微观尺度的空间异质性、生境利用的时序性等方面分析了中国红树林湿地物种多样性极其丰富的原因。 [英文文摘]To date,total of 2854 species of organisms were recorded in Chinese mangrove wetlands,including 136 species of fungi,13 species of actinobacteria,7 species of bacteria,441 species of microalgae,55 species of macroalgae,37 species of vascular plants,109 species of zooplankton,873 species of macrobenthos,258 species of nektons,434 species of insects,31 species of spiders,13 species of amphibians,39 species of reptiles,421 species of birds and 28 species of mammals.Among them,8 species belonged to the category 1 of Chinese national protected animals and 75 species belonged to the category 2.Chinese mangrove wetlands are very important bases for the conservation and development of the endangered species to China,and playing a critical role in the international activities for protecting the migrating birds.The species abundance in Chinese mangrove wetlands was 1766 times as much as that for the averaged species abundance in Chinese sea fields.The prolific species diversity in Chinese mangrove wetlands can be attributed to their high primary productivity,high diversity in their consumers’ food preferences,high spatial heterogeneity at macroscopical and microscopic scale levels,and their dynamic temporal sequence in habitat utilization.国家自然科学基金资助项目(40676050);联合国环境规划署(UNEP)全球环境基金(GEF)资助项目;广西科学基金资助项目(0640014

凤眼莲叶片超氧物歧化酶的初步研究

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