Technological approaches to the extraction and purification by ultrafiltration techniques of target protein molecules from animal tissues: a review

Effective isolation and purification of protein is a great challenge nowadays. The key aspect is protein stability and solubility, which primarily depend on protein structure and its amino acid sequence. Manipulations with pH and ionic strength are the first at  tempts to increase protein stability and solubility. Different additives that are allowed or prohibited in the food industry are applied for overcoming protein aggregation. Sugars, polyhydric alcohols and amino acids are the most attractive among them. Trehalose, glycerol, arginine, glycine and proline demonstrated outstanding properties that make them perspective for application during iso  lation and purification of proteins singly or in combination with each other or othercompounds. However, the algorithm of effective isolation and purification of protein could be significantly varied depending on its structure. Effective isolation and purification of protein is a great challenge nowadays. The key aspect is protein stability and solubility, which primarily depend on protein structure and its amino acid sequence. Manipulations with pH and ionic strength are the first at  tempts to increase protein stability and solubility. Different additives that are allowed or prohibited in the food industry are applied for overcoming protein aggregation. Sugars, polyhydric alcohols and amino acids are the most attractive among them. Trehalose, glycerol, arginine, glycine and proline demonstrated outstanding properties that make them perspective for application during iso  lation and purification of proteins singly or in combination with each other or othercompounds. However, the algorithm of effective isolation and purification of protein could be significantly varied depending on its structure

SEARCH FOR ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF NATURAL PLANT ANTIOXIDANTS FOR FOOD INDUSTRY

According to the data of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, global food losses are about one third of their total output, mainly due to spoilage. Therefore, a search for safe methods of shelf life extension is an important task, especially for products for specialized nutrition. According to literature data, natural antioxidants can be alternative to existing preservatives due to its ability to inhibit oxidation of the main nutrients. Pulp, seeds and peel of quince, apple «Simirenko», feijoa, persimmon, Jerusalem artichoke, white, red and yellow onion were objects of the study. The total antioxidant capacity was determined by Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) methods and expressed in µmol equiv. Trolox / g of sample and µmol equiv. Dihydroquercetin / g of sample. It was noticed that peels demonstrated higher antioxidant activity, and red onion husk possessed the highest value, which was 722.8 ± 13.9 µmol equiv. Dihydroquercetin / g of sample and 3357.5 ± 42.2 µmol equiv. Trolox / g of sample. It was shown that the use of fruit and vegetable wastes is promising for production of food-grade antioxidants. In addition, the results of the research could facilitate stimulation of rational and efficient environmental management.According to the data of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, global food losses are about one third of their total output, mainly due to spoilage. Therefore, a search for safe methods of shelf life extension is an important task, especially for products for specialized nutrition. According to literature data, natural antioxidants can be alternative to existing preservatives due to its ability to inhibit oxidation of the main nutrients. Pulp, seeds and peel of quince, apple «Simirenko», feijoa, persimmon, Jerusalem artichoke, white, red and yellow onion were objects of the study. The total antioxidant capacity was determined by Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) methods and expressed in µmol equiv. Trolox / g of sample and µmol equiv. Dihydroquercetin / g of sample. It was noticed that peels demonstrated higher antioxidant activity, and red onion husk possessed the highest value, which was 722.8 ± 13.9 µmol equiv. Dihydroquercetin / g of sample and 3357.5 ± 42.2 µmol equiv. Trolox / g of sample. It was shown that the use of fruit and vegetable wastes is promising for production of food-grade antioxidants. In addition, the results of the research could facilitate stimulation of rational and efficient environmental management

Design of Air Purifier for Home Use

Tématem této bakalářské práce je design čističky vzduchu pro domácí využití. Hlavním cílem je navrhnout design čističky vzduchu do prostředí domácnosti, kanceláře či do čekárny s vhodně zvolenou technologií čistění s důrazem na ergonomické a estetické inovace. Řeší se problém optimálního spojení soudobých technologií, ergonomických vlastnosti a designu pro maximální efektivitu práce čističky vzduchu a splnění estetické funkce v každodenním využití produktu. Výsledný produkt splňuje všechny moderní potřeby a očekávání. Kombinace funkcí dezinfekce vzduchu a povrchů v místnosti a variabilita umístění a přenosu čističe vzduchu z něj činí potenciální cíl širokého zájmu zákazníků.The topic of this bachelor work is the design of an air purifier for home use. The main goal is to design an air purifier for the home, office or expectant environment and a suitable air purifying technology with an emphasis on ergonomic and aesthetic innovations. Is solving the problem of the optimal combination of modern technologies, ergonomic features and design for maximum efficiency of the air purifier's work and fulfillment of the aesthetic function in the daily use of the product. The resulting product responds all modern needs and expectations. The combination of the functions of disinfecting the air and the surfaces in the room, the variability of the location and transmission of the air purifier makes it potentially a demand for a wide audience of buyers.

Role of Russia in the international integration of the financial capital

© 2015, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved. This paper presents the system of calculations which allow find a place of the Russian Federation in the international integration of the financial capital by indicators of export and import which presented in this article. The analysis of trade relationship between 64 countries was conducted to the period from 2001 to 2012. For the purpose of evaluation of integration processes at the first analysis stage was made matrixes on export and import of goods which were further transformed to the partner matrix reflecting 16 types of trade interaction between two countries. From 2005 to 2012 increase number of the economic partners of Russia. In the article was calculated straight index for distribution the countries on extent of influence on process of the international integration of the financial capital

A comparative study of Sus scrofa M. longissimus dorsi with different changes in quality

The comparative study of Sus scrofa muscle tissue with different defects of quality was carried out. Such analysis methods as determination of water-binding capacity (WBC) and pH values, microstructural studies, proteome methods, mass spectrometric methods, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and determine the concentration of cathepsin D, calpain 3 and myoglobin were applied in current study. DFD meat was characterized by high pH (6.2) and WBC (93.18%), while PSE - low pH (5.5) and WBC (79.19%). pH and WBC values in NOR pork was medium and averaged 5.9 and 92.05%, respectively. Microstructural studies revealed that fiber in exudative pork was the least and averaged 39.7 µm, normal pork was characterized by diameter of muscle of 45.5 µm, while DFD pork ‑ 48.3 µm. Protein composition of Sus scrofa muscle tissues were also investigated by one-dimensional and two-dimensional electrophoresis. 6 protein fractions were identified by mass spectrometry and confirmed as potential biomarkers of pork quality defects in meat and processes meat product. It also has been shown that PSE pork contains 8 characteristic peptides, NOR - 14, DFD - 18. Cathepsin D, calpain 3 and myoglobin content were measured in pork of different categories. The highest content of cathepsin D, calpain 3 and myoglobin was noticed in PSE pork and averaged 82.16 ±3.30 ng.mL-1; 1.280 ±0.082 ng.mL-1; 3.973 ±0.506 ng.mL-1, respectively. Since the study was carried out on samples of meat 24 hours after slaughter, this work had the prospect to further study of meat with different defects of quality during long-term autolysis

Evaluation of regional infrastructure

Aninfrastructure development level has a significant impact on the economy of a region as a whole, especially in the territorial and sectoral organization of production. The purpose of the study is to identify problems in the infrastructure of regions, and todevelopthe ranking of regions. The object of the study were 85 administrative regions of the Russian Federation. To assess the infrastructure of the regions there has been developed a technique that includes 8 blocks uniting 37 socio-economic indicators characterizing the level of logistics, transport, social, financial, investment, innovation, energy and telecommunications infrastructure availability. Application of linear scaling method has allowed comparison of data by regions and calculate the integral index of infrastructure availability on the basis of which we can determine the extent of disadvantages of one region from another. The ranking of the entities of the Russian Federation under the calculated integral index of infrastructure availabilitywill allow identifying regions with high, medium and low value of the indicator. The testing of the developed methodology for comparison regions in terms of infrastructure development level has revealed problem areas in subjects in the sphere of creation and development of infrastructure in terms of attracting manufacturing companies to their territory. Results of the study showed that there is considerable differentiation of entities of the Russian Federation by the level of infrastructure availability what must be considered when developing a territorial development programs.The proposed method of estimation of infrastructure availability can be the basis for drawing up a regional ranking by the level of infrastructure availability and investment attractiveness

Comparative study of biocorrective protein-peptide agent to improve quality and safety of livestock products

Water with modified isotopic composition (D/H = 40 ppm) as a solubilizing agent for biologically active substances extraction from immune organs Sus Scrofa increases protein yield in thymus to 20%, in spleen up to 38%, mesenteric lymph nodes up to 35% in comparison with distilled water (D/H = 150 ppm). It was found a significant amount of neurotransmitter amino acids, such as aspartic and glutamic acids, glycine (thymus - 10.5; 13.7; 7.6%; spleen - 12.2; 10.7; 7.8% lymph nodes - 11.0; 13.3; 11.1%, respectively) having the immunological and adaptogenic activity, in extracts of Sus scrofa immunocompetent organs (thymus, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes). Application of water with modified isotopic composition as solubilizing agent (D / H = 40 ppm) for extraction of immunocompetent organs' biologically active compounds led to increased amino acid content, including hydrophilic amino acids, in thymus extracts - up to 22%, in spleen extracts - up to 15% , in lymph nodes exctracts - up to 8%, in comparison to distilled water (D / H = 150 ppm). Peptide profile analysis revealed positive effect of water (D/H = 40 ppm) on a quality protein content extracts in molecular weight range from 10 to 20 kDa and from 30 to 45 kDa and peptide composition (2 kDa), at the same time quantitative content of compounds adaptogenic and immunocorrective action increased. Reducing of deuterium content in the solubilizing agent enhances quantitative amino acid content, i.e. extraction in an aqueous- salt solution based on deuterium depleted water of animal tissues with a high content of amino acids with hydrophilic radicals proceeded more completely