Universal quantum computation with ordered spin-chain networks

It is shown that anisotropic spin chains with gapped bulk excitations and magnetically ordered ground states offer a promising platform for quantum computation, which bridges the conventional single-spin-based qubit concept with recently developed topological Majorana-based proposals. We show how to realize the single-qubit Hadamard, phase, and pi/8 gates as well as the two-qubit CNOT gate, which together form a fault-tolerant universal set of quantum gates. The gates are implemented by judiciously controlling Ising exchange and magnetic fields along a network of spin chains, with each individual qubit furnished by a spin-chain segment. A subset of single-qubit operations is geometric in nature, relying on control of anisotropy of spin interactions rather than their strength. We contrast topological aspects of the anisotropic spin-chain networks to those of p-wave superconducting wires discussed in the literature.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure

Coulomb Blockade of a Three-terminal Quantum Dot

We study an interacting single-level quantum dot weakly coupled to three electrodes. When two electrodes are biased by voltages with opposite polarities, while keeping the third lead (the stem) grounded, the current through the stem is a measure of electron-hole asymmetry of the dot. In this setup we calculate the stem current for both metallic and ferromagnetic (collinearly polarized) leads and discuss how the three-terminal device gives additional information compared to the usual two-terminal setup. We calculate both the sequential and cotunneling contribution for the currents. For the latter part we include a regularization procedure for the cotunneling current, which enables us to also describe the behavior at the charge degeneracy points.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figure

Wave function engineering in quantum dot-ring nanostructures

Modern nanotechnology allows producing, depending on application, various quantum nanostructures with the desired properties. These properties are strongly influenced by the confinement potential which can be modified, e.g., by electrical gating. In this paper we analyze a nanostructure composed of a quantum dot surrounded by a quantum ring. We show that depending on the details of the confining potential the electron wave functions can be located in different parts of the structure. Since the properties of such a nanostructure strongly depend on the distribution of the wave functions, varying the applied gate voltage one can easily control them. In particular, we illustrate the high controllability of the nanostructure by demonstrating how its coherent, optical, and conducting properties can be drastically changed by a small modification of the confining potential.Comment: 8 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables, revte

Scanning Tunneling Microscope Operating as a Spin-diode

We theoretically investigate spin-polarized transport in a system composed of a ferromagnetic Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) tip coupled to an adsorbed atom (adatom) on a host surface. Electrons can tunnel directly from the tip to the surface or via the adatom. Since the tip is ferromagnetic and the host surface (metal or semiconductor) is non-magnetic we obtain a spin-diode effect when the adatom is in the regime of single occupancy. This effect leads to an unpolarized current for direct bias (V > 0) and polarized current for reverse (V < 0) bias voltages, if the tip is nearby the adatom. Within the nonequilibrium Keldysh technique we analyze the interplay between the lateral displacement of the tip and the intra adatom Coulomb interaction on the spindiode effect. As the tip moves away from the adatom the spin-diode effect vanishes and the currents become polarized for both V > 0 and V < 0. We also find an imbalance between the up and down spin populations in the adatom, which can be tuned by the tip position and the bias. Finally, due to the presence of the adsorbate on the surface, we observe spin-resolved Friedel oscillations in the current, which reflects the oscillations in the calculated LDOS of the subsystem surface+adatom.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures. Submitte

Group Irregularity Strength of Connected Graphs

We investigate the group irregularity strength ($s_g(G)$) of graphs, i.e. the smallest value of $s$ such that taking any Abelian group \gr of order $s$, there exists a function f:E(G)\rightarrow \gr such that the sums of edge labels at every vertex are distinct. We prove that for any connected graph $G$ of order at least 3, $s_g(G)=n$ if $n\neq 4k+2$ and $s_g(G)\leq n+1$ otherwise, except the case of some infinite family of stars

Modelling and analysis of nonlinear guided waves interaction at a breathing crack using time-domain spectral finite element method

Published 20 June 2017This study proposes a time-domain spectral finite element (SFE) model and investigates nonlinear guided wave interaction at a breathing crack. An extended time-domain SFE method based on the Mindlin–Hermann rod and Timoshenko beam theory is proposed to predict the nonlinear guided wave generation at the breathing crack. An SFE crack element is proposed to simulate the mode-conversion effect, in which a bilinear crack mechanism is implemented to take into account the contact nonlinearity at the breathing crack. There is good agreement between the results calculated using the proposed time-domain SFE method and threedimensional finite element simulation. This demonstrates the accuracy of the proposed SFE method in simulating contact nonlinearity at the breathing crack. Parametric studies using the fundamental symmetric (S₀) and anti-symmetric (A₀) modes of guided waves are also carried out to provide physical insights into the higher harmonics generated due to the contact nonlinearity at the breathing crack. The magnitude of the higher harmonics generated as a function of the crack depth is investigated in detail. The results show that the mode-converted higher harmonic guided waves provide valuable information for damage detection.Shuai He and Ching Tai N

Variable selection for large p small n regression models with incomplete data: Mapping QTL with epistases

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Identifying quantitative trait loci (QTL) for both additive and epistatic effects raises the statistical issue of selecting variables from a large number of candidates using a small number of observations. Missing trait and/or marker values prevent one from directly applying the classical model selection criteria such as Akaike's information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We propose a two-step Bayesian variable selection method which deals with the sparse parameter space and the small sample size issues. The regression coefficient priors are flexible enough to incorporate the characteristic of "large <it>p </it>small <it>n</it>" data. Specifically, sparseness and possible asymmetry of the significant coefficients are dealt with by developing a Gibbs sampling algorithm to stochastically search through low-dimensional subspaces for significant variables. The superior performance of the approach is demonstrated via simulation study. We also applied it to real QTL mapping datasets.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The two-step procedure coupled with Bayesian classification offers flexibility in modeling "large p small n" data, especially for the sparse and asymmetric parameter space. This approach can be extended to other settings characterized by high dimension and low sample size.</p

Synthesis and properties of hydration products of alkaline activated aluminosilicate glasses

Matryca uwodnionych krzemianów wapnia (faza C-S-H), ze względu na swą obecność w produktach hydratacji materiałów budowlanych, takich jak: cement, spoiwa żużlowo-alkaliczne czy aktywowane szkła glinokrzemianowe, jest w świetle dostępnej literatury wyjątkowo ciekawa, ale co ważne, od wielu lat budzi żywe zainteresowanie. Rozwój technik analitycznych, jak również pojawienie się nowych technik badawczych, stwarza nowe możliwości w badaniu fazy C-S-H, a tym samym w rozwoju nauki – fundamentu technologii. Produkty hydratacji alkalicznie aktywowanych szkieł żużlowych – uwodnione krzemiany wapnia – stanowią obiekt intensywnych prac badawczych, ze względu na proces ich powstawania, strukturę i zmienny skład chemiczny, ale również z punktu widzenia możliwości immobilizowania przez tę fazę substancji niebezpiecznych dla zdrowia i życia ludzkiego. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań dotyczące syntezy oraz właściwości produktów hydratacji alkalicznie aktywowanych szkieł glinokrzemianowych, czyli uwodnionych krzemianów wapnia typu C-S-H. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na warunki powstawania fazy C-S-H. Ponadto, zbadano wpływ czasu hydratacji i stosunków molowych CaO/SiO2 na przebieg syntezy prowadzonej w temperaturze pokojowej. Praca obejmuje badania mikrostrukturalne i strukturalne otrzymanych żeli C-S-H. Dokonano także analizy składu fazowego metodą XRD i IR. Obserwacje mikrostruktury otrzymanych żeli wykonano przy pomocy skaningowej mikroskopii elektronowej (SEM) wraz z wyznaczeniem widma pierwiastków z powierzchni (analiza EDS).The matrix of hydrated calcium silicate (C-S-H phase), due to their presence in the products of hydration of construction materials such as cement, binder slag – alkaline or aluminosilicate glasses, in the light of available literature is extremely interesting, but what is important, for many years provoked still lively interest. The development of analytical techniques, as well as the emergence of new research techniques, opens up new possibilities in the study phase of C-S-H, and thus the development of science – the foundation of technology. The products of hydration of alkali-activated slag glass – hydrated calcium silicates, are the object of intense researches, due to the process of their formation, structure and variable chemical composition, but also from the viewpoint of immobilization through this phase of substances hazardous to human health and life. The work presents the results of research, concerning on the synthesis and properties of products of hydration of alkali-activated aluminosilicate glasses, the type of calcium silicate hydrates C-S-H as a matrix for immobilization the heavy metals. Particular attention was paid to the conditions of formation the C-S-H phases. Furthermore, effect of hydration time and the molar ratios of CaO/SiO2 of the mentioned synthesis, carried out at room temperature, were estimated. The work includes microstructure and structure studies of obtained C-S-H gels. Phase composition was analyzed by XRD and IR. Observations of the microstructure of obtained gels were performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with the determination of the spectra of elements from the surface (EDS analysis)

Influence of tool nose radius on the cutting performance and surface finish during hard turning with CBN cutting tools

In this paper the basic cutting characteristics such as cutting forces, cutting power and its distribution, specific cutting energies and friction were determined as functions of variable tool corner radius ranging from 400 to 1200 µm and the cutting speed ranging from 150 m/min to 270 m/min for a hardened 41Cr4 alloy steel of 55±1 HRC hardness in finish turning steel using chamfered CBN tools. Moreover, selected roughness profiles produced for different tool corner radius were compared and appropriate surface roughness parameters were determined. The measured values of Ra and Rz roughness parameters were compared with theoretical values and springback effect was taken into account

Decision support system in freight transport based on vehicle routing problem with quality criterion

Deliveries planning in transport systems is a complicated task and require taking into account a wide range of factors. Enterprises wanting to propose solutions that meet the clients’ needs and be competitive on the market must prepare their offer based on decision support systems including factors characteristic for the real process. The aim of the article is to present a concept of a decision support system based on a multi-criteria vehicle routing problem in real conditions (Real-World VRP). Taking into account the latest trends in the optimization of the delivery plan, the model includes three criteria - the cost, time and success rate of the delivery plan as a criterion relating to the quality of the delivery plan. Among other assumptions, it should be pointed out that the heterogeneous structure of the rolling stock has been taken into account, the number of which is not limited, the vehicles return to the place of origin. The travel time of the connection and the time of loading operations are random variables. The limited driver’s work time and driving time were also applied. The effect of the work presented in the article is the concept of the decision support system in the freight transport, taking into account the quality criterion of the delivery plan