HMGB1 interacts with human topoisomerase IIα and stimulates its catalytic activity

DNA topoisomerase IIα (topo IIα) is an essential nuclear enzyme and its unique decatenation activity has been implicated in many aspects of chromosome dynamics such as chromosome replication and segregation during mitosis. Here we show that chromatin-associated protein HMGB1 (a member of the large family of HMG-box proteins with possible functions in DNA replication, transcription, recombination and DNA repair) promotes topo IIα-mediated catenation of circular DNA, relaxation of negatively supercoiled DNA and decatenation of kinetoplast DNA. HMGB1 interacts with topo IIα and this interaction, like the stimulation of the catalytic activity of the enzyme, requires both HMG-box domains of HMGB1. A mutant of HMGB1, which cannot change DNA topology stimulates DNA decatenation by topo IIα indistinguishably from the wild-type protein. Although HMGB1 stimulates ATP hydrolysis by topo IIα, the DNA cleavage is much more enhanced. The observed abilities of HMGB1 to interact with topo IIα and promote topo IIα binding to DNA suggest a mechanism by which HMGB1 stimulates the catalytic activity of the enzyme via enhancement of DNA cleavage

Interactions of heterologous DNA with polyomavirus major structural protein, VP1

Abstract`Empty' polyomavirus pseudocapsids, self-assembled from the major structural protein VP1, bind DNA non-specifically and can deliver it into the nuclei of mammalian cells for expression [Forstová et al. (1995) Hum. Gene Ther. 6, 297–306]. Formation of suitable VP1-DNA complexes appears to be the limiting step in this route of gene delivery. Here, the character of VP1-DNA interactions has been studied in detail. Electron microscopy revealed that VP1 pseudocapsids can create in vitro at least two types of interactions with double-stranded DNA: (i) highly stable complexes, requiring free DNA ends, where the DNA is partially encapsidated; and, (ii) weaker interactions of pseudocapsids with internal parts of the DNA chain

Case study of physiotherapy treatment of a pacient after Colles fracture of the left.

Title: Case study of physiotherapy treatment of a pacient after Colles fracture of the left. Objectives: The main objective of this thesis is to summarize theoretical and practical knowledge regarding fracture of distal radius, create case study and record of rehabilitation care of patient with Colles' fracture. Method: This thesis has been made during a continuous work experience in a Movement Apparatus Treatment Center in Prague, Vysočany. This thesis is divided into two parts, the general part and a detailed case report. The general part summarizes theoretical knowledge including anatomy, kinesiology, traumatology and therapy following fractures of a distal radius. The detailed case report is describing a patient after Colles' fracture that has been treated conservatively. Key words: Colles fracture, wrist fractures, distal radius, physiotherapy

Seniors working with new technologies and media

Předkládaná písemná bakalářská práce se zaměřuje na problematiku mediální gramotnosti seniorů. Písemná část doplňuje o informace praktický výstup, kterým je krátký audiovizuální snímek, v němž autorka dokumentuje život svých prarodičů a jejich způsob práce s novými technologiemi. V teoretické rovině se písemná práce věnuje především fenoménu dezinformací, řetězovým emailům a také projektům, které souvisejí se vzděláváním seniorů.This written bachelor's thesis focuses on media literacy of seniors. This written part complements the information related to the practical output, which is a short audiovisual film in which the author documents her grandparents and their way of working with new technologies. At the theoretical level, this written part of the practical thesis deals mainly with the phenomenon of disinformation, chain e-mails and also mentions projects related to the education of seniors.Department of JournalismKatedra žurnalistikyFakulta sociálních vědFaculty of Social Science

Fulfilling the criteria for saturation of the patient's needs

The thesis deals with the realization of the criteria for saturation of the patient's needs. In the current system of nursing care, the principles of modern nursing are failing to realize and therefore we want to find out the main obstacles of this situation and the possibilities of their removal. For the purpose of the thesis there were set three objectives. The first of them has set the objective of finding out the most common problems in meeting the criteria for saturation of the patient's needs. The research showed that the nurses see the problem in a lack of staff at the wards, a lack of time, excess of documentation, excessive demands for nurses. The purpose of the second objective was to find out what supports the realization of the criteria for saturation of the patient's needs. Results have shown that what helps nurses is a positive work environment, motivation, nurse´s personality, own scale of values, salary, good leadership, organization, nursing care. The third objective was to find out the opinion of nurses on meeting the criteria for saturation of the patient's needs. It turned out that the majority of respondents think that nurses do not effectively satisfy all the needs of patients for a number of reasons: there are few nurses and they are overloaded, the nurses do their best but still cannot satisfy all the patients´ needs. We also found out that the higher patients´ needs are omitted. Less than a third of the nurses indicated that nurses effectively meet all the patients´ needs. For the qualitative part of the research, we set two research questions in advance. Which criteria nurses use in patients´ needs saturation? The research showed that time, which is very valuable for nurses and very often is in short supply, is an important criteria for the saturation of the patient's needs. Furthermore, it is knowledge and manual dexterity when nurses additionally reported a lack of education of some nurses especially within the nursing process. As the next criteria, it was mentioned the cooperation with the patient as it is necessary to engage patient himself in care planning. The next criteria is monitoring of the patient´s response, which is included in every phase of the nursing process. Furthermore, the nurses agreed on criteria, which include communication as a key skill of every nurse, then individual care, a suitable environment and utilities, education, critical thinking, effective nursing process and empathy. The second research question tried to find out which obstacles prevent nurses in effective saturation of the patients´ needs. We found out that nurses are concerned about a lack of staff at wards and the excess of administrative load, which is related to a lack of time for patients. These three factors are also obstacles for nurses and prevent them from effective satisfying of the patients´ needs. The next obstacles in satisfying the needs are burnout, reluctance of nurses to work, excessive demands for nurses, poor workplace relationships, a lack of evaluation both in a form of praise and appreciation, and finance. We also found a lack of information, which is related to a lack of time, as nurses do not have a chance to collect all the information concerning the patient. As another possible obstacle, nurses also mentioned personal problems. The results of the thesis can be used as a small contribution to currently ongoing effort of the Czech Association of Nurses

Seniors working with new technologies and media

This written bachelor's thesis focuses on media literacy of seniors. This written part complements the information related to the practical output, which is a short audiovisual film in which the author documents her grandparents and their way of working with new technologies. At the theoretical level, this written part of the practical thesis deals mainly with the phenomenon of disinformation, chain e-mails and also mentions projects related to the education of seniors

Creation of a center for patients with rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis

The name of this bachelor thesis is: Establishing a centre for people suffering from rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, system, inflammatory illness of joints that results in destructions and deformities of joints. It is a characteristic feature of this illness symmetrically that it affects more joints at the same time, which are, in the majority of cases, small joints. Psoriatic arthritis is an inflammatory illness of joints which is accompanied by psoriasis. Psoriatic arthritis affects mainly distal interphalangeal joints of the hands, which makes it basically different from the rheumatoid arthritis. The thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part dealt with rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis, priority needs of people suffering from these troubles, and a possible centre for these patients. The empirical part of my thesis was compiled in the form of qualitative research. The technique of collecting data was a semi-structured interview, which was conducted with 8 respondents suffering from rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis, and 5 nurses working at rheumatologic surgeries. The interviews with the particular respondents and nurses were processed into case histories. The most interesting data were processed in the form of categorising tables. The thesis aimed at the following: to find out whether people suffering from these diseases are interested in establishing a centre for clients suffering from rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis, to underline the benefits of such a centre for people suffering from rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis, to underline possibilities of activities held at the centre for people suffering from rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis, and to underline possibilities of involving nurses at the centre for people suffering from rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis. We posed the following research questions: How much are people suffering from rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis interested in establishing the centre? What do people suffering from rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis view the benefits of the centre in? What are the possibilities of involving nurses at the centre for people suffering from rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis? Which activities can be realised at the centre? The results of the research examination show that people suffering from rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis are interested in establishing a centre. They view the benefits of the centre especially in seeing and testing compensation aids, and another benefit for them would be attending expert seminars held by a physician in cooperation with a nurse or, under circumstances, with students. The nurse in the centre would deal with the education, and another possible activity could be holding seminars or cooperation with a physician in basic examinations. The activities that can be realised in the centre are exercises under professional supervision of a physiotherapist, visiting a physician, testing compensation aids or making use of professional advice by an occupational therapist. The results of my bachelor thesis can serve as a foundation for creating a centre for people suffering from rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis