Alfa sübstitüe s köprülü ftalosiyaninlerin sentezi ve karakterizasyonu

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Tetrapirol halkasının bir üyesi olan ftalosiyaninler yüksek teknolojik uygulama alanına sahip olması nedeniyle oldukça ilgi çekmektedir. Boya olarak kullanımının yanı sıra son zamanlarda yaygın olarak optikler, kimyasal sensörler, elektrokromik maddeler, sıvı kristaller, güneş enerjisi dönüşümü ve kanser için fotodinamik terapide (PDT) fotosensitizörler olarak birçok bilimsel alanda uygulamaları vardır. Bu çalışmada M {1(4), 8(11), 15(18), 22(25)-tetrakis (4-(metiltiyo) feniltiyo) ftalosiyanin} (M=2H, Zn, Co) elde edilmiştir. Bu ftalosiyaninler 3-(4-(metiltiyo)feniltiyo) ftalonitril'in uygun metal tuzlarıyla [MX2] ( X=CI veya X=Ac) hegzanol ve 1,8-diazabisiklo[5.4.0] undeka-7-en (DBU) ortamında reflux sıcaklığında siklotetramerizasyon reaksiyonuyla elde edilmişlerdir. Ftalosiyaninler uygun metotlarla saflaştırıldıktan sonra IR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR , MASS ve Floresans spektrumları yardımıyla aydınlatılmıştır.Phthalocyanines (Pcs) and related compounds are member of the tetrapyrrolic macrocycle family, which are worthy of attention due to having high technological applications. Apart from their use as traditional dyes, in recent years Pcs have been extensively studied since they have been applied to many scientific field applications such as nonlinear optics, chemical sensors, electrochromic agents, liquid crystals, solar energy conversion, and as photosensitizers for photodynamic cancer therapy (PDT). In the present work, M {1(4), 8(11), 15(18), 22(25)-tetrakis (4-(methylthio) phenylthio) phthalocyanine} (M=2H, Zn, Co) were obtained from cylotetramerization reaction of 3-(4-(methylthio)phenylthio) phthalonitrile with corresponding appropriate [MX2] (X=C lor X=Ac) in the presence of hexanol and 1,8-diazabisiklo[5.4.0] undeka-7-ene (DBU) as a strong at reflux temperature. All of the phthalocyanines were purified by chromatography. The elemental analysis, IR, UV-vis, 1H-NMR, MASS and fluorescence spectra confirm the proposed structures of the compounds

Effects of Beta Vinasse Supplementation on Performance, Meat Quality and Ilio-Caecal Microflora in Quail Rations

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Beta (?)-vinasse supplementation on the live weight (LW), live weight gain (LWG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcass yield, meat quality, and ilio-caecal bacteriological flora of quails. A total of 240 5-d-old Japanese (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) quails, including both males and females, were divided into 3 groups 80 quails and treated as follow: a control group (1) with 0 g ?-vinasse/ kg ration; (2) 15 g/kg ?-vinasse and (3) 30 g/kg ?-vinasse. The study lasted for 6 weeks. At the end of the experiment, supplementation with ?-vinasse did not have a significant effect on FI and FCR. Dietary supplementation with 30 g/ kg ?-vinasse significantly (P < 0.05) increased LW (21 d)and LWG (5 to 21 d). The dietary treatment of quails with different levels of ?-vinasse did not affect hot carcass weight, cold carcass weights, hot and cold carcass yields, and breast and thigh pH.The lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*) of breast values were significantly (P<0.05) increased by 30 g/kg supplementation. Different levels of ?-vinasse significantly increased Lactobacillus spp. in faeces. As a result, it was concluded that ?-vinasse (by-product obtained from molasses) can be used in quail diets as an alternative feed source that will meet the nutritional needs of the animal and have positive effects on the digestive system, especially on the intestinal health (an increase in Lactobacillus spp. counts). © 2023, Derya Yesilbag YeşilbağThe authors thank Integro for supplying the feed additive supplement

Effects of Beta Vinasse Using on Performance, Egg Production and Egg Quality in Layer Quail Diets

Bu çalışmada, melastan elde edilen bir fermantasyon ürünü olan beta Vinasın yumurtacıbıldırcın rasyonlarında kullanımının performans ve yumurta kalitesi üzerine olan etkilerinideğerlendirmek amaçlandı. Araştırmada, toplam 180 adet 8 haftalık yaşta Japon bıldırcını, hergrupta 60 adet hayvan olacak şekilde üç gruba ayrıldı (5 alt grup her grupta 12 bıldırcın). Denemegrupları sırasıyla; mısır ve soya temeline dayalı bazal rasyona sırasıyla %0 (Kontrol), %1,5 (15g/kg) (Deneme I) ve %3 (30 g/kg) (Deneme II) beta vinas eklenen gruplardan oluşturuldu.Araştırma sonunda, yem tüketimi, yumurta verimi, yumurta ağırlığı ve yemden yararlanma oranıgibi performansa ilişkin parametre değerlerinde istatistiki açıdan önemli farklılıklar tespitedilmedi (P>0,05). Kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında rasyona beta vinas katkısı yumurtakabuk kalınlığı ve yumurta kabuk direncini önemli düzeyde iyileştirdi (P0,05). Sonuç olarak beta vinasın her iki dozunun da yumurtacı bıldırcınlarınyumurta kabuk kalitesinde iyileştirici etkiye sahip olduğu belirlendi.In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the effects of beta vinasse obtained as a byproduct of molasses added to egg quail rations on performance and egg quality. In the experimental study, a total of 180 8-week-old Japanese quails were equally divided into three groups (5 subgroups, 12 quails in each group), 60 in each group. Trial groups, respectively; The control group without additives to the basal ration based on corn and soybeans was formed as 1,5% (15 g/kg) beta vinasse addition - Trial Group I, 3% (30 g/kg) beta vinasse addition - Trial Group II. At the end of the study, there were no statistically significant differences in the values of performance related parameters such as feed consumption, egg yield, egg weight and feed utilization rate (P>0,05). When looking at egg quality parameters, significant differences (P0,05). Egg shell thickness and eggshell breaking strength were measured at higher values in experimental group egg samples. As a result, we can say that the addition of beta vinasse to egg quail diets has an improving effect on egg shell quality

Effects of dietary supplementation of two commercial plant extracts on the growth performance and ileal inflammation score in broiler chickens

We studied the effects on the performance and intestinal health of broiler chickens who were given Macleaya cordata (M. cordata) extract alone and those given a newly developed plant extract mixture (PEM) as a natural feed additive in the diet. Total 240 Ross 308 male chicks were used in this study and divided into 4 groups of 60 chicks each. For the experimental groups, 100 ppm PEM was added to the diet of group I (PEM 100); 200 ppm PEM was added for group II (PEM 200), and 18 ppm M. cordata extract (MCE) was added for group III. Although there were no significant differences in the feed conversion ratio, carcass weight, and carcass yield, other performance variables, including body weight, body weight gain, and feed intake were significantly affected. An analysis of the data from this study showed that specified feed additives decreased the ileal inflammation score without changing the villus height in the duodenum of the chickens. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of MCE supplement alone and the effects of newly developed PEM improved the performance parameters. Moreover, it can be said that it has an intestinal inflammation-reducing effect. Thus, this supplementation may have the potential to improve intestinal health. © 2020 Istanbul University. All rights reserved.Uludağ Üniversitesi: KUAP (V)-2018/13This study was funded by the Uludag University Scientific Research Unit Grant (Project No: KUAP (V)- 2018/13).Financial Disclosure: This study was funded by the Uludağ University Scientific Research Unit Grant (Project No: KUAP (V)-2018/13)

Determination of Quantities of Host Protein after Infection with Erwinia amylovora of Apple, Pear And Quince Cultivars

Fire blight disease caused by Erwinia amylovora is a destructive bacterial pathogen mainly on pears, apples and quinces from Rosaceae family. In this study, it was aimed determination of total protein amounts in different apple cultivars (Braeburn, Fuji, Gala and Golden), pear cultivars (Santa Maria and Williams) and quince cultivars (Eşme and Ekmek) in the infections of two virulent E. amylovora strains (Ea234-1 and Ea240-3) according as the time. It was taken leaf samples after leaf inoculation with E. amylovora (108 CFU ml-1) at 24th, 36th and 72nd hours. For verification of the infections, re-isolations were made from bacteria inoculated plants and the agent was identified as E. amylovora by biochemical, physiological and molecular tests. In determining the amounts of total protein and in the SDS-PAGE analyses were used Bradford and Laemmli methods, respectively, and absorbance values of protein extracts derived from the leaf samples taken, were obtained at 595 nm wavelength. According to the findings obtained; after infection of E. amylovora in the apple varieties comparing to controls, total protein concentrations at 24th hours increased and a decrease in the amount of 36th to 72nd hours and Braeburn has the highest protein content was determined. In the pear varieties, while total protein concentrations at 24th and 36th hours increased, a decrease in the amount of 72nd hour, and Santa Maria variety has the highest protein content was detected. In the quince varieties, total protein concentrations at 72th hour increased and Eşme variety has the highest protein content was identified. As a result of SDS-PAGE analysis, protein fractions which have different molecular weights were obtained. The protein bands were defined approximately 55-70 kDa and 35-55 kDa molecule weight on apple and quince varieties, respectively and also approx. 55-70 kDa in pear varieties

On-line Solid Phase Extraction of Copper in Water Samples with Flow Injection Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

An on-line solid phase extraction method for the preconcentration and determination of Cu(II) by flame atomic absorption spectrometry has been described. The procedure is based on the retention of Cu(II) ions at pH 6.0 on a minicolumn packed with Amberlite XAD-1180 resin impregnated with chrome azurol S. After preconcentration, Cu(II) ions adsorbed on the impregnated resin were eluted by 1 mol L-1 HNO3 solution. Several parameters, such as pH, type of eluent, flow rates of sample and eluent solutions, amount of resin were evaluated. At optimized conditions, for 3.5 min of preconcentration time, the system achieved a detection limit of 1.0 mu gL(-1), and a relative standard deviation of 1.2% at 0.2 mu gmL(-1) copper. An enrichment factor of 56-fold was obtained with respect to the copper determination. The proposed method was successfully validated by the analysis of standard reference material (TMDA 54.4 lake water) and recovery studies. The method was applied to the preconcentration of Cu(II) in natural water samples