Role of anatomical sites and correlated risk factors on the survival of orthodontic miniscrew implants:a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Objectives The aim of this review was to systematically evaluate the failure rates of miniscrews related to their specific insertion site and explore the insertion site dependent risk factors contributing to their failure. Search methods An electronic search was conducted in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Knowledge, Scopus, MEDLINE and PubMed up to October 2017. A comprehensive manual search was also performed. Eligibility criteria Randomised clinical trials and prospective non-randomised studies, reporting a minimum of 20 inserted miniscrews in a specific insertion site and reporting the miniscrews’ failure rate in that insertion site, were included. Data collection and analysis Study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers. Studies were sub-grouped according to the insertion site, and the failure rates for every individual insertion site were analysed using a random-effects model with corresponding 95% confidence interval. Sensitivity analyses were performed in order to test the robustness of the reported results. Results Overall, 61 studies were included in the quantitative synthesis. Palatal sites had failure rates of 1.3% (95% CI 0.3–6), 4.8% (95% CI 1.6–13.4) and 5.5% (95% CI 2.8–10.7) for the midpalatal, paramedian and parapalatal insertion sites, respectively. The failure rates for the maxillary buccal sites were 9.2% (95% CI 7.4–11.4), 9.7% (95% CI 5.1–17.6) and 16.4% (95% CI 4.9–42.5) for the interradicular miniscrews inserted between maxillary first molars and second premolars and between maxillary canines and lateral incisors, and those inserted in the zygomatic buttress respectively. The failure rates for the mandibular buccal insertion sites were 13.5% (95% CI 7.3–23.6) and 9.9% (95% CI 4.9–19.1) for the interradicular miniscrews inserted between mandibular first molars and second premolars and between mandibular canines and first premolars, respectively. The risk of failure increased when the miniscrews contacted the roots, with a risk ratio of 8.7 (95% CI 5.1–14.7). Conclusions Orthodontic miniscrew implants provide acceptable success rates that vary among the explored insertion sites. Very low to low quality of evidence suggests that miniscrews inserted in midpalatal locations have a failure rate of 1.3% and those inserted in the zygomatic buttress have a failure rate of 16.4%. Moderate quality of evidence indicates that root contact significantly contributes to the failure of interradicular miniscrews placed between the first molars and second premolars. Results should be interpreted with caution due to methodological drawbacks in some of the included studies

Eccentric exercise induced muscle damage response of knee extensor, elbow flexor and knee flexor muscles groups: Effect of muscle architecture

Bu çalışma ile aynı kişilerde diz fleksör kasları (DF), dirsek fleksör kasları (DrF) ve diz ekstansör kaslarında (DE) eksentrik egzersiz (EE) sonrasında oluşan kas hasar yanıtını ve kas hasarı üzerinde kas yapısının etkisini incelemeyi amaçladık. Çalışmaya 20- 30 yaş arasında sağlıklı, 12 sedanter erkek denek gönüllü olarak katıldı. Deneklere ön testler olarak boy, kilo, vücut yağ yüzdesi ölçümü, test edilen her kas grubu için izometrik kuvvet testi, kas hacim ölçümü, kas pennasyon açıları ölçümü yapıldı. EE uygulamasından hemen önce, hemen sonra, 1. , 3. ve 7. günlerde subjektif ağrı düzeyi (GBKA) ve eklem hareket açıklığı (EHA) ölçüldü ve plazma kreatin kinaz (KK) ve myoglobin (Mb) düzeylerini değerlendirmek için deneklerden egzersizden hemen önce, egzersiz sonrası 1., 3., ve 7. günlerde kan alındı. EE uygulaması, deneklerin non-dominant taraf kas bölgeleri rastgele seçilerek, izokinetik dinamometrede 60°/sn’lik açısal hızda ve maksimal iş yükünde 10 kasılma içeren 6 setlik toplam 60 maksimal kasılma olacak şekilde uygulandı. EE sırasında diz ve dirsek EHA 120° olacak şekilde belirlendi. Đstastistiksel değerlendirmede non parametrik Wilcoxon signed rank testi kullanıldı. EE sonrası tüm dönemlerde KK ve Mb plazma düzeylerindeki artış DE ile karşılaştırıldığında, DrF ve DF kas grubunda benzer olarak daha fazlaydı (p<0,01). Đzometrik kas kuvvetindeki düşüş, DE ile karşılaştırıldığında, DrF (p<0,01) ve DF (p<0,05) kas grubunda benzer şekilde anlamlı olarak daha fazlaydı. EHA’da azalma ve GBKA’da artış, EE sonrası hemen, 1. ve 3. günlerde DrF kas grubunda daha fazlaydı (p<0,01). DrF ve DF ile karşılaştırıldığında, DE kas grubunda pennasyon açısı daha yüksek (p<0,01), birim iş yükü ise daha düşük (p<0,01) saptandı. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, DE ile karşılaştırıldığında DF ve DrF kas gruplarında eksentrik egzersiz sonrası daha belirgin kas hasar yanıtları oluştuğunu göstermektedir. Bu çalışma ile, DE ve DrF kas grupları arasında daha önce gösterilmiş olan eksentrik egzersiz ile oluşan farklı kas hasar yanıtlarının daha çok kasların yapısal farklıklarından etkilenebileceği söylenebilir.The aim of this study was to compare the injury response pattern of the non-dominant knee extensor (KE), elbow flexor (EF) and knee flexor muscles (KF) occurring after a maximal eccentric exercise (EE) and to investigate the effect of muscle architecture on muscle damage- induced eccentric exercise. Twelve sedentary and healthy male volunteers (mean age 25.6(1), range 20-30) participated to the study. Height, weight, body fat %, isometric peak torque, and volume and pennation angles of all muscles were measured at the pretest. Subjective pain scores (DOMS), elbow and knee range of motion (ROM) was evaluated before and immediately after exercise and at the 1st, 3rd and 7th day after and blood samples were taken to assess plasma creatin kinaz (CK) and myoglobin (Mb) concentration before and at the 1st, 3rd and 7th day after exercise. EE procedure was performed at 60°/s angular velocity which consists of 6 sets of 10 repetitions of eccentric actions with maximal intensity to the non-dominant muscles of subjects randomly on the isokinetic dynamometer. During eccentric exercise, knee and elbow ROM was determined to be 120 °. Wilcoxon signed ranks test was used to compare the results. Increase in plasma CK and Mb levels at all periods post- exercise were higher for EF and KF muscles groups than KE (p<0,01). Decrease in the isometric peak torque was higher for EF (p<0, 01) and KF (p<0, 05) muscles similarly than KE muscles. Decrease in the ROM and increase in the DOMS were significantly higher for EF muscles immediately after exercise, at 1 st and 3rd day (p<0, 01). The pennation angle of KE muscles group were higher (p<0, 01); work load per unit of KE was lower than KF and EF muscles (p<0, 01). The results of this study demonstrate that the elbow flexor and knee flexor muscles groups exhibits more muscle injury response than knee extensors after an maximal eccentric exercise and the difference in the magnitude of muscle damage between KE and EF which was reported previously may be affected by difference of muscle architecture

Response to “letter to the editor regarding the effect of isolation on athletes’ mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic’’

[No Abstract Available]We have not used any copyrighted material from another source or had any funding from any company

Evaluation of new 99mTc(CO)3 + radiolabeled glycylglycine In Vivo

PubMed: 309476762-s2.0-85075625899Background: Peptide-based agents are used in molecular imaging due to their unique properties, such as rapid clearance from the circulation, high affinity and target selectivity. Many of the radiolabeled peptides have been clinically experienced with diagnostic accuracy. The aim of this study was to investigate in vivo biological behavior of [99mTc(CO)3(H2O)3]+ radiolabeled glycylglycine (GlyGly). Methods: Glycylglycine was radiolabeled with a high radiolabeling yield of 94.69±2%, and quality control of the radiolabeling process was performed by thin layer radiochromatography (TLRC) and High-Performance Liquid Radiochromatography (HPLRC). Lipophilicity study for radiolabeled complex (99mTc(CO)3-Gly-Gly) was carried out using solvent extraction. The in vivo evaluation was performed by both biodistribution and SPECT imaging. Results: The high radiolabelling yield of 99mTc(CO)3-GlyGly was obtained and verified by TLRC and HPLRC as well. According to the in vivo results, SPECT images and biodistribution data are in good accordance. The excretion route from the body was both hepatobiliary and renal. Conclusion: This study shows that 99mTc(CO)3-GlyGly has the potential to be used as a peptide-based imaging agent. Further studies, 99mTc(CO)3-GlyGly can be performed on tumor-bearing animals. © 2019 Bentham Science Publishers.Ege Ãœniversitesi: 2012 NBE 004 Firat University Scientific Research Projects Management Unit, FÃœBAPThis study was financially supported by the Ege University Scientific Research Project numbered 2012 NBE 004 (Bornova Izmir, Turkey). The authors thank Marylou Doganavsargil for English editing of the manuscript.This study was financially supported by the Ege University Scientific Research Project numbered 2012 NBE 004 (Bornova Izmir, Turkey)

Evaluation of new 99mTc(CO)3 + radiolabeled glycylglycine In Vivo

Background: Peptide-based agents are used in molecular imaging due to their unique properties, such as rapid clearance from the circulation, high affinity and target selectivity. Many of the radiolabeled peptides have been clinically experienced with diagnostic accuracy. The aim of this study was to investigate in vivo biological behavior of [99mTc(CO)3(H2O)3]+ radiolabeled glycylglycine (GlyGly). Methods: Glycylglycine was radiolabeled with a high radiolabeling yield of 94.69±2%, and quality control of the radiolabeling process was performed by thin layer radiochromatography (TLRC) and High-Performance Liquid Radiochromatography (HPLRC). Lipophilicity study for radiolabeled complex (99mTc(CO)3-Gly-Gly) was carried out using solvent extraction. The in vivo evaluation was performed by both biodistribution and SPECT imaging. Results: The high radiolabelling yield of 99mTc(CO)3-GlyGly was obtained and verified by TLRC and HPLRC as well. According to the in vivo results, SPECT images and biodistribution data are in good accordance. The excretion route from the body was both hepatobiliary and renal. Conclusion: This study shows that 99mTc(CO)3-GlyGly has the potential to be used as a peptide-based imaging agent. Further studies, 99mTc(CO)3-GlyGly can be performed on tumor-bearing animals. © 2019 Bentham Science Publishers