Seçilmiş Devlet Liselerinde ve Özel Liselerde Örgütsel Öğrenme Süreçlerinin Nitel Bir Değerlendirmesi

If they are to be effective, organizations must acquire and create new knowledge in order to achieve their goals. Service organizations, such as schools, must employ the concept of organizational learning. Organizational learning is an intentional process directed at improving organizational effectiveness. The process involves four constructs - knowledge acquisition, information distribution, information interpretation, and organizational memory. This paper presents findings of a paper that examined the ways in which three high schools - one foundation school, one private school, and one public school - in Ankara, Turkey, acquired, disseminated, interpreted, and preserved new knowledge. Data were derived from observation and interviews with 24 teachers and 6 administrators. Findings indicate that the foundation school outperformed the public school and the private school in terms of the four organizational learning constructs. The foundation school gathered data through a wider variety of sources and distributed information through a wider variety of sources and distributed information through more intra- and extra- organizational activities than did the other two schools. Both the foundation school and the private school had more effective interpretation processes. None of the three schools had developed mechanisms for storing information for father use. The effectiveness of both the public and private schools was hindered by their centralized, bureaucratic organizational structures; the effectiveness of the private school was also hampered by the school’s profit motive.Örgütler etkili olmak istiyorlarsa hedeflerini gerçekleştirmek için yeni bilgi elde etmek ve yaratmak dıı- runıundadırlar. Okullar gibi hizmet üreten kurumlar örgütsel öğrenme kavramından yararlanmalıdırlar. Örgütsel öğrenme, örgütsel etkililiği geliştirmeye yönelik bir süreçtir. Bu süreç, dört öğeyi içermektedir: Bilgiyi elde etme, bilgiyi dağıtma, bilgiyi yorumlama ve örgütsel bellek (bilgiyi saklama). Bu çalışma Ankara'da bulunan üç lisenin- bir vakıf lisesi, bir özel lise ve bir devlet lisesi- bilgi elde etme, dağıtma, yorumlama ve saklama yollarını incelemektedir. Veriler 24 öğretmen ve 6 okul yöneticisinden görüşme ve gözlem yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Bulgular vakıf okulunun diğer iki okula nazaran örgütsel öğrenmenin dört öğesi açısından daha aktif olduğunu göstermektedir. Vakıf okulu diğer iki okula göre daha çeşitli sayıda yeni bilgi edinme kaynağına ve yoluna sahip olup, bu bilgiyi çeşitli okul içi ve dışı aktivitelerle dağıtmaktadır. Vakıf okulunun ve özel okulun yeni bilginin yorumlanması sürecinde etkili oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamındaki okulların hiçbiri bilginin gelecekte kullanımı için geliştirilmiş bir mekanizmaya sahip değildir. Merkezi, bürokratik yapıları devlet lisesinin ve özel lisenin örgütsel öğrenme süreçleri açısından etkili olmalarım engellemektedir. Özel lisenin büyük ölçüde kâr odaklı oluşu da etkili olmasını engelleyen bir başka durum olarak belirlenmiştir

İlkokul Öğrencilerinin Modelleme Süreçleri: Suç Problemi

In recent years, mathematics educators have frequently stressed the necessity of instructing students about models and modeling approaches that encompass cognitive and metacognitive thought processes, starting from the first years of school and continuing on through the years of higher education. The purpose of this study is to examine the thought processes of 4th-grade primary school students in their modeling activities and to explore the difficulties encountered in these processes, if any. The study, of qualitative design, was conducted in the 2013-2014 academic year at a Foundation School operating under the auspices of a state university located in a central city in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. A five-week preliminary study was first implemented with designated 4th grade students, after which the criterion sampling method was used to select three students that would be recruited into the focus group. The focus group that was thus formed was asked to work on the model eliciting activity of the Crime Problem and the entire process was recorded on video. A written transcript was made of the video recording, after which the recording and the students' worksheets were analyzed using the Blum and Ferri modeling cycle. The results of the study revealed that over the course of the process, the students tested the hypotheses related to daily life that they had set up, generated ideas of their own, verified their models by making connections with real life, and tried to make their models generalizable. On the other hand, the students had difficulty with understanding the problem and interpreting the qualitative data.Biliş ve biliş-ötesi düşünme süreçlerini içeren model ve modelleme yaklaşımlarının öğrencilere okulun ilk yıllarından yükseköğrenime kadar her seviyede tanıtılmasının gerekliliği son yıllarda matematik eğitimcileri tarafından oldukça çok vurgulanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı ilkokul 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin model oluşturma etkinlikleri üzerinde düşünme süreçlerini inceleyerek eğer varsa bu süreçlerde karşılaşılan güçlükleri ortaya çıkarmaktır. Araştırma 2013-2014 eğitim-öğretim yılında, Karadeniz bölgesinde büyük bir ilin merkezinde bulunan bir devlet üniversitesine bağlı vakıf kolejinde gerçekleştirilmiş nitel bir çalışmadır. Belirlenen ilkokul 4. sınıf öğrencilerine uygulanan beş haftalık bir ön çalışmanın ardından odak grupta yer alacak üç öğrenci ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Oluşturulan odak gruba model oluşturma etkinliği olan Suç problemi verilerek çalışmaları istenmiş ve tüm süreç video ile kayıt altına alınmıştır. Video kayıtları yazılı olarak çözümlendikten sonra öğrencilerin çalışma kâğıtlarıyla beraber Blum ve Ferri’nin (2009) modelleme döngüsü kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonuçları öğrencilerin süreç boyunca günlük yaşamla ilişkili varsayımları denedikleri, fikirler ürettikleri, modellerinin doğruluğunu gerçek yaşamla ilişkilendirerek test ettiklerini ve modellerinin genellenebilir olmasına çalıştıklarını ortaya koymuştur. Fakat diğer taraftan süreçte öğrenciler problemi anlama ve nitel veriyi yorumlama gibi bir takım güçlüklerle de karşılaşmışlardır

Malaria Epidemiology in Mersin Province, Turkey from 2002 to 2011

Background: Malaria is an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium spp. with high morbidity and mortality in human in tropical and subtropical regions. In recent years, number of malaria cases has been significantly reduced because of fight with the disease in Turkey. This study intended to investigate the malaria epidemiology in Mersin Province from 2002 to 2011 using data from the provincial Public Health Directorate. Methods: Over ten years, 303573 blood samples were taken from the people by active and passive surveillance methods and blood smears were prepared. Smears were stained with Giemsa and examined under the microscope. Results: Totally, 73 people including 44 male and 29 female were positive in terms of Plasmodium spp. It was determined that P. vivax observed in 67 cases while P. falciparum in 6 cases. Cases were mainly observed in 15 to 44 years old range, showed an increase between June-September periods and a significant decrease after 2006. Out of the 73 malaria cases, 54 cases were from Mersin Province and 13 cases were imported from another province of Turkey. Six cases were transmitted from abroad. Conclusion: These results provide information about malaria epidemiology in an endemic area in Turkey and contribute its prevention in Mersin Province

Evaluation of surgical nurses’ attitudes concerning patient safety

The present study was designed as a descriptive study to evaluate the attitudes of surgical nurses concerning patient safety. The study included 123 nurses, who have been working in the operating rooms of the hospitals in Karaman, Konya for at least one year and were voluntary to participate in the study. Data collection tools included a questionnaire to inquire demographic characteristics of surgical nurses, and “Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) -Operating Room Version” to evaluate their attitudes concerning patient safety. The mean scores obtained from SAQ sub-dimensions were between 42.12 ±16.82 and 69.07±24.44, whereas the mean score of SAQ total was 59.11 ±13.29. Statistically significant difference was determined between the mean SAQ total score and age, weekly working hours, duration of working in the operating room, resting status, receiving in service training, and training about patient safety. The present study will enhance patient safety in operating rooms by providing an improvement in communication among health workers and in team collaboration, regulating working hours, and scheduling training programs to establish an opinion about worker safety and patient safety

Myelosuppression in Patients with Prolonged use of Piperacillin/Tazobactam

Objectives: The use of piperacillin-tazobactam in hospital acquired infections requiring long treatment periods maycause adverse effects including myelosuppression. Myelosuppression results in rare, but potentially serious clinic manifestations such as neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, leukemia and anemia. The objective of this study was to investigatethe incidence and characteristics of myelosuppression in patients with prolonged use of piperacillin-tazobactam.Methods: Inpatients followed-up and treated in Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Medical Faculty Hospital andMMT Gaziantep American Hospital between April 1, 2017 and December 31, 2018 were included in the study. Patients’demographic data, biochemical laboratory outcome, duration and dose of antibiotic treatment, comorbidities, sideeffects of antibiotic therapy were recorded and analyzed.Results: A total of 34 inpatients who received antibiotic therapy with piperacillin-tazobactam due to various diagnoseswere included in the study. The mean duration of PTZ use was found as 11.9±6.31 days. Of all patients, 19 (55.9%) usedantibiotics for longer than 10 days, while 15 (44.1%) used PTZ for 10 days or shorter. The mean duration of antibioticuse was found as 12.2 days in patients aged 65 years and over, while this duration was 11.5 days in patients aged under65 years. Five patients (14.7%) developed neutropenia. Neutropenia was developed in 14.8 days of PTZ treatment onaverage. The mean duration of returning to normal values was found as 1.8 days in these patients. Neutropenia wasdeveloped at the 4th week of the treatment in 60% of these patients.Conclusion: It should be kept in mind that myelosuppression may be encountered especially during prolonged PTZtherapy, and full blood count monitoring should be performed carefully and closely in these patients

THE CORRELATION BETWEEN INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION SKILLS OF INSPECTION GROUPS AND THEIR CONFLICT MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES

The purpose of this study was to explore the correlation between interpersonal communication skills and conflict management strategies in the case of inspection groups constituted by a number of inspectors based on the geographical and demographic dispersion of the school population in Turkey. This research was conducted as a survey. The population of the study consisted of 2493 inspectors working in 81 provinces geographically divided in seven regions. In this research, the data were collected by “Interpersonal Communication Skills Questionnaire” which consisted of 33 items and “Conflict Management Strategies Questionnaire” which consisted of 32 items. In the analyses of the study, Pearson correlations coefficient and Hierarchical regression were conducted. Consequently, the findings show that both the leaders’ and the supervisors’ views were congruent in that positive and significant correlations were found between two conflict management strategies (problem solving and compromising) and all interpersonal communication skills. The results of Hierarchical regression analysis further showed that feedback and trusting variables had statistically significant positive effects on problem solving, avoiding and dominating strategies and finally effectiveness variable had statistically significant positive effects on compromising strategy.  Article visualizations

Stability, electronic and phononic properties of β and 1T structures of SiTex (x = 1, 2) and their vertical heterostructures

By performing first-principles calculations, we predict a novel, stable single layer phase of silicon ditelluride, 1T-SiTe2, and its possible vertical heterostructures with single layer β-SiTe. Structural optimization and phonon calculations reveal that 1T-SiTe2 structure has a dynamically stable ground state. Further analysis of the vibrational spectrum at the - point shows that single layer 1T-SiTe2 has characteristic phonon modes at 80, 149, 191 and 294 cm-1. Electronic-band structure demonstrates that 1T-SiTe2 phase exhibits a nonmagnetic metallic ground state with a negligible intrinsic spinorbit splitting. Moreover, it is shown that similar structural parameters of 1T-SiTe2 and existing β-SiTe phases allows construction of 1T-β heterostructures with a negligible lattice mismatch. In this regard, it is found that two energetically favorable stacking orders, namely AA and ATB, have distinctive shear and layer breathing phonon modes. It is important to note that the combination of semiconducting β-SiTe and metallic 1T-SiTe2 building blocks forms ultra-thin Schottky barriers that can be used in nanoscale optoelectronic device technologies.TUBITAK (116C073--114F397); The Science Academy, Turkey under the BAGEP progra

MISCONCEPTIONS OF THIRD GRADE STUDENTS IN TERMS OF CONCEPTS SUCH AS FORCE, MATTER, LIGHT AND SOUND

The purpose of the study is to ascertain misconceptions of students at 3rd grade of primary schools in respect of concepts such as force, matter, light and sound. The study was conducted at a primary school located in the province of Ordu, district of Unye, Turkey. Data was analyzed using descriptive analysis method at this study conducted with the qualitative research method. As the data collection tool, a test for ascertaining misconceptions calculated as Cronbach Alfa coefficient 0.673 (KYBT), developed by the researcher as well as a semi-structured interview form were used. KYBT including 12 questions were posed to 30 3rd grade students. Also, interview studies were conducted with 8 students. Misconceptions included in answers given by students to test questions are shown in tables. Data derived from interview forms was analyzed with descriptive analyses and results were given in tabular form. According to data derived, misconceptions of students regarding the subject of force, direction change, deceleration and acceleration, and dangers posed by moving objects to humans. With regards to the matter, misconceptions such as ability to distinguish certain liquids by touching and hardships in understanding were ascertained in connection with features characterizing the mater. When it comes to the light and sound, sources of natural and artificial sound, relation between the severity of sound and the distance as well as sources of sound that could lead to loss of hearing losses, high level of misconceptions and hardships in understanding were identified. However, although a few students think that, in connection with the force, taking a photo can move objects, there is almost no misconception with regards to concepts such as pushing-pulling. When it comes to the matter, there is too little misconception about distinguishing matters by their odors, matters that can cause damage if smelled and classification of matters by their forms, and, with regards to the sound, about hearing of the sound. In particular, it was understood that answers given for questions about abstract concepts are correlated with the wrong or incomplete experiences in the daily life. In this sense, for the purpose of teaching of concepts connected with the science education or life sciences to be offered at the primary school, it is suggested that perceptions, misconceptions and understanding difficulties relating to abstract concepts in particular be ascertained and that curriculums, course sources and other teaching materials be developed based on such data so derived.  Article visualizations