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Trend of cow herd size in Baltic states
Received: January 29th, 2021 ; Accepted: March 27th, 2021 ; Published: April 5th, 2021 ; Correspondence: [email protected] article analyses trend of cow herd size from 2000 to 2019 in four Baltic states:
Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland. It has been stated that during this period of time the
average size of cow herds has increased 3–4 times, except in Estonia, where it has increased 8
times. Nevertheless, the number of cows in the herds is different in individual countries. In the
herds with up to 5 cows in Estonia there are about 2% of cows, but in the other Baltic states it is
10–18% of the total number of cows. In turn, in the herds with 50 or more cows, what corresponds
to implementation of modern milk production technologies and machinery, in Latvia and
Lithuania there are about 50% of cows, in Poland 30%, but in Estonia 90% of the total number
of cows in the country. It has influenced the specific labour intensity of the people working in
milk production. In Estonia, this indicator in 2019 was about 100 man-h per cow per year, but in
the other Baltic states it was 300–350 man-h calculating per cow per year. Still, with robotization
and automation of all basic work operations the specific labour intensity in milk production can
be decreased to 30–50 man-h calculating per cow per year. Therefore, there are still great
development possibilities in all Baltic countries