OSNOVNE KARAKTERISTIKE ŠERIJATSKOG KRIVIČNOG PRAVA U POREĐENJU SA DOMINANTNIM KRIVIČNOPRAVNIM SISTEMIMA

Sharia law is one of the so-called great legal systems. This article deals with Sharia criminal law (Uqubat) and its basic characteristics. The aim is to draw attention to its basic features, in order to make general comparison with the dominant criminal law systems, which include the euro-continental and Anglo-Saxon law systems. It is not difficult to conclude, that the Sharia law, including its criminal law part, as a sacred law, is quite different from the secular legal system. Nevertheless, we should find some connection points, which certainly exist, because, among other things, as one of the sources of International Criminal Law, occurring general principles of criminal law recognized by the community of nations.Šerijatsko pravo spada u red tzv. velikih pravnih sistema. Ovaj tekst je posvećen šerijatskom krivičnom pravu (ukubat; uqubat), odnosno njegovim osnovnim karakteristikama. Cilj rada je da se ukaže na njegova osnovna obeležja, da bi se napravila načelna komparacija sa dominantnim krivičnopravnim sistemima, u koje spadaju evrokontinentalni i anglosaksonski. Naime, nije teško zaključiti da se šerijatsko pravo, uključujući i njegov krivičnopravni deo, kao sakralno pravo, poprilično razlikuje od sekularnih pravnih sistema. Međutim, treba pronaći i neke tačke vezivanja kojih svakako da ima, jer se, između ostalog, kao jedan od izvora međunarodnog krivičnog prava javljaju opšta načela krivičnog prava koje priznaje zajednica država

Settlement between the offender and the victim according to the criminal code of Serbia

The Criminal Code of the Republic of Serbia from 2005 (which went into effect on January 1st, 2006) has envisaged a particular basis for remittance of punishment which had been unknown in our criminal law. It is about settlement between the offender and the victim, an institution reflecting ideas of restorative justice. Although the settlement between the offender and the victim offers great possibilities, it has not received enough attention in our criminal law literature. We usually come across perfunctory elaboration of the matter, which is justified by insufficient regulations. Thus numerous questions and dilemmas related to the implementation of this institution are being opened, so we will try to give answers to these questions in this paper, that is, to give some solutions for the dilemmas, relying on the positive law of the Republic of Serbia

MOGUĆNOSTI TZV. MARIJINOG ZAKONA U SUZBIJANJU PEDOFILIJE

Sexually based offenses, especially those of a pedophilic character, are of great interest to the overall professional and unprofessional public. For some time in the public discourse, there have been attitudes and demands that perpetrators of these crimes receive more severe punishments and other criminal measures. The National Assembly of the Republic of Serbia in 2013 passed the Law on special measures to prevent the perpetration of crimes against the sexual freedom of juveniles, which is colloquially known as Marija’s Law, receiving its name from the minor victim of rape and subsequent death. Through this was established a special criminal justice regime in relation to sexual offenders of a pedophilic orientation. As the characteristics of Marija’s Law may be cited as the introduction of special measures and special records intended for the perpetrators of these crimes. In addition, this Law excludes both in part the modified application of some general criminal law institutes in relation to sexual offenders and those that provide corresponding benefits to offenders of criminal acts.Seksualni delikti, naročito oni pedofilskog karaktera, izazivaju veliku pažnju kako svekolike stručne, tako i laičke javnosti. Već izvesno vreme u javnom diskursu su prisutni stavovi i zahtevi da se za ove učinioce predvide strožije kazne i druge krivičnopravne mere. Narodna skupština Republike Srbije je 2013. godine donela Zakon o posebnim merama za sprečavanje vršenja krivičnih dela protiv polne slobode prema maloletnim licima, koji se kolokvijalno naziva “Marijin zakon”, a dobio ga je po imenu maloletne žrtve krivičnog dela silovanja sa smrtnim ishodom. Ovim je uspostavljen poseban krivičnopravni režim u odnosu na seksualne delinkvente pedofilske orijentacije. Kao osobenosti “Marijinog zakona” mogu se navesti uvoĎenje posebnih mera i posebne evidencije namenjene učiniocima ovih krivičnih dela. Pored toga ovaj Zakon isključuje i delom modifikuju primenu odreĎenih opštih krivičnopravnih instituta u odnosu na seksualne delinkvente, i to onih koji učiniocima krivičnih dela pružaju odgovarajuće pogodnosti

KRITIČKI OSVRT NA MERU BEZBEDNOSTI ZABRANE PRIBLIŽAVANJA I KOMUNIKACIJE SA OŠTEĆENIM IZ ČLANA 89a KRIVIČNOG ZAKONIKA SRBIJE

In this paper, the authors analyze the security measure involving the restraint to approach and communicate with the injured party under Article 89a of the Criminal Code of Serbia, which was introduced by legislative changes and amendments in 2009. Although this criminal sanction has been part of the domestic criminal legislation for seven years, there are serious legislative deficiencies associated with its regulation. Namely, the positive criminal law of the Republic of Serbia does not regulate the consequences of the act if the convicted offender violates this restraint, nor does it envisage the rules for the execution of this security measure. This can cause serious problems in imposing and applying the relevant criminal sanction. The corresponding data show that courts use this measure to a much lesser extent every year. Thus, the authors give suggestions de lege ferenda to remove the existing restraining order from the system of security measures and to envisage it as one of the obligations under a suspended sentence with supervision.Autori u radu analiziraju meru bezbednosti zabrane približavanja i komunikacije sa oštećenim iz člana 89a Krivičnog zakonika Srbije, koja je uvedena njegovim izmenama i dopunama iz 2009. godine. Iako ova krivična sankcija u domaćem krivičnom pravu postoji već sedam godina, postoje ozbiljni legislativni nedostaci koji se vezuju za njenu regulative. Naime, pozitivno krivično pravo Republike Srbije uopšte ne sadrži govori o tome kakve posledice nastupaju po osuđenog ukoliko prekrši ovu zabranu, niti predviđa pravila za izvršenje ove mere bezbednosti. Otuda se mogu javiti ozbiljni problem u izricanju i primeni predmetne krivične sankcije, a iz odgovarajućih podataka je vidljivo da je sudovi iz godine u godinu izriču sve manje izriču. Otuda su autori dali određene predloge de lege ferenda, odnosno da se postojeća zabrana ukloni iz sistema mera bezbednosti i da se predvidi kao jedna od obaveza kod uslovne osude sa zaštitnim nadzorom

Public prosecutor as the agency of protection of domestic violence victims in the legal system of Serbia

This paper examines the role of a public prosecutor in the protection of domestic violence victims in the legal system of the Republic of Serbia. Prior to the analysis of relevant provisions of the laws referring to the authority and competences of the public prosecutor in relation to the protection of domestic violence victims, the term ’victim’ in the legal system of Serbia is defined. The term ‚victim‘ is commonly used in the legal texts, but it is not defined; thus, it is necessary to specify certain aspects of this term. In the analysis of certain legal provisions, the focus is on some of the most significant criminal, misdemeanor and family law institutes, as well as on the provisions of the Law on the Prevention of Domestic Violence, which could affect the role of the public prosecutor in prevention of domestic violence and protection of its victims. In the final part the authors propose certain solutions which should enhance implementation of existing mechanisms available to the public prosecutor in practice, which could contribute to better protection of domestic violence victims

Domestic violence in Serbia

Domestic violence is one of the most complex criminal issues, representing negation of the basic human rights and freedoms protected by a number of international documents and national legal regulations, starting with the right to life to the right to safety. The authors analyze this increasingly common form of violence (psychical, psychological, economic and sexual) as a social phenomenon that has its substantive criminal law aspect and criminal procedure aspect, neither of which eliminates the causes of its origin but only treats the consequences. Family violence primarily affects women. The authors have conducted a survey for the period of ten years of the Criminal Code application in order to examine the criminal offense of the domestic violence, procedure and perpetrators

Nasilje u porodici u Srbiji

Domestic violence is one of the most complex criminal issues, representing negation of the basic human rights and freedoms protected by a number of international documents and national legal regulations, starting with the right to life to the right to safety. The authors analyze this increasingly common form of violence (psychical, psychological, economic and sexual) as a social phenomenon that has its substantive criminal law aspect and criminal procedure aspect, neither of which eliminates the causes of its origin but only treats the consequences. Family violence primarily affects women. The authors have conducted a survey for the period of ten years of the Criminal Code application in order to examine the criminal offense of the domestic violence, procedure and perpetrators.Nasilje u porodici predstavlja jedno od najkompleksnijih pitanja u krivičnom pravu, a koje predstavlja negaciju osnovnih ljudskih prava i sloboda zaštićenih brojnim međunarodnim i unutrašnjim pravnim dokumentima, počev od prava na život i sigurnost. Autori analiziraju ovu sve prisutniju formu nasilja (psihičkog, fizičkog, ekonomskog i socijalnog), kao društveni fenomen sa aspekta krivičnog i krivičnog procesnog prava. Porodično nasilje pre svega pogađa žene. Autori su sproveli istraživanje za vreme desetogodišnjeg važenja Krivičnog zakonika u Srbiji, s ciljem izučavanja krivičnog dela nasilja u porodici, postupka za ovo krivično delo i njegovih izvršilaca