An unexpected long-term complication of genital burn in a child: Secondary cryptorchidism

Genital and perineal burns are rare and challenging injuries with serious long-term complications. Involvement of the testes is a sign of severity. There is limited knowledge in the literature about the management of complications and testes involvement in genital and perineal burns. In this report, we present the case of an 8-year-old boy with secondary cryptorchidism due to burn contracture who was treated by increasing the scrotal volume by Z-plasties, skin graft, and orchidopexy. © 2018 Turkish Association of Trauma and Emergency Surgery

Effects of sintering temperature and addition of Fe and B₄C on hardness and wear resistance of diamond reinforced metal matrix composites

The effects of sintering temperature and addition of Fe instead of Co into the matrix composition on the mechanical properties of diamond-reinforced MMC’s have been studied. Diamond-reinforced MMC’s based on Fe–Co compositions with and without boron carbide (B₄C) have been processed. Three different matrix composites (with different Fe/Co ratios) have been produced with and without B₄C at a pressure of 25 MPa and sintered in N2 at various temperatures (800, 900, and 1000°C). After sintering, mechanical properties of the resultant composites have been studied and the results discussed. Addition of B₄C has been found to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the composites. Optical microscopy, SEM and EDS have been used to examine the microstructure and surface of the synthesized composites.Досліджено армовані алмазом композити з металевою матрицею на основі Fe–Co-композицій (різні співвідношення Fe/Co) з добавкою або без добавки карбіду бору (B₄C). Вивчено вплив температури спікання і зміни співвідношення Fe і Co у складі матриці на механічні властивості композитів. Композити отримані спіканням в азоті при різних (800, 900 і 1000 °C) температурах при тиску 25 МПа. Вивчено та обговорено механічні властивості отриманих після спікання композитів. Встановлено, що добавка B₄C покращує їхню твердість і зносостійкість.Исследованы армированные алмазом композиты с металлической матрицей на основе Fe–Co-композиций (разные соотношения Fe/Co) с добавкой или без добавки карбида бора (B₄C). Изучено влияние температуры спекания и изменения соотношения Fe и Co в составе матрицы на механические свойства композитов. Композиты получены спеканием в азоте при различных (800, 900 и 1000 °C) температурах при давлении 25 МПа. Изучены и обсуждены механические свойства полученных после спекания композитов. Установлено, что добавка B₄C улучшает их твердость и износостойкость

Determination of the Physicochemical Properties and Fatty Acid Composition of Some Cheese Types with Geographical Indication in Thrace Region

The purpose of the present investigation was to assess the differences in the quality characteristics of the famous cheese types produced in Thrace region and labeled with a geographical indication or not. The different physicochemical properties, mineral content, and fatty acid composition of Ezine Cheese and Edirne Feta Cheese, and Malkara Aged Kaşar Cheese with geographical indication were determined. The obtained data were compared with some of the physicochemical specifications stated in the geographical indication registration documents and also with the cheese types of the same category but without the geographical indication. For this purpose, 90 cheese samples from 23 different local producers in Edirne, Tekirdağ, Çanakkale, and Kırklareli were supplied in sealed packages. Dry matter (%), ash (%), salt (%), protein (%), titratable acidity (% lactic acid), acid count (mg KOH/g fat), color (L, a, b) values were determined. Additionally, fatty acid compositions and some mineral contents of the cheese were analyzed by using gas-chromatography and inductively coupled plasma-optic emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). This study aims to contribute to registration documents of geographical indication, which cover the characteristic specifications, including fatty acid composition, protein amount, acid count (free fat acidity), and color (L*, a*, b*) values. It is advised to revise the registration documents of the mentioned cheese types by including aroma-active components to the aroma characterization and texture specifications to the characteristic features through a broader study. © 2022, Centenary University. All rights reserved.NKUBAP.03; Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi, TNKUThe financial support from Scientific and Technological Research Council of by Namik Kemal University,NKU-BAP(Grantnumber:NKUBAP.03.YL.21.292.) is gratefullycaknowledged.The financial support from Scientific and Technological Research Council of by Namik Kemal University, NKU-BAP (Grant number: NKUBAP.03.YL.21.292.) is gratefully acknowledged

Effect of concentrated growth factor on survival of diced cartilage graft

Background Diced cartilage grafts are important in rhinoplasty for raising the dorsum and eliminating dorsal irregularities. The most common problems with the use of diced cartilage are wrapping and cartilage resorption. Objectives To histopathologically investigate and compare the viability of diced cartilage grafts wrapped with concentrated growth factor, fascia and fenestrated fascia, or blood glue. Methods Cartilage grafts were harvested from the ears of 10 New Zealand White rabbits and diced into 0.5 to 1 mm3 pieces. The grafts were divided into five groups for comparison: (1) bare diced cartilage; (2) diced cartilage wrapped with fascia; (3) diced cartilage wrapped with fenestrated fascia; (4) diced cartilage wrapped with concentrated growth factor (CGF); and (5) diced cartilage wrapped with blood glue. Each of the five grafts was autologously implanted into a subcutaneous pocket in the back of each rabbit. Three months later, the rabbits were sacrificed and the implants were harvested and examined histopathologically. Results Nucleus loss, calcification, inflammation, and giant cell formation differed significantly between the CGF group and both fascia groups. Chondrocyte proliferation was the highest in the CGF group. Nucleus loss rates were similar between the fascia and fenestrated fascia groups. Conclusions Our findings suggest that CGF improves the viability of diced cartilage grafts, while fascia hampers it. Punching holes in the fascia does not improve diced cartilage graft viability and neither does blood glue wrapping. © copyright Crown 2016

Bioaccumulation of trace metals and genotoxicity responses in Liza aurata as an indicator of industrial pollution

Heavy metal contamination in the coastal and marine ecosystems is becoming a serious risk to aquatic organisms and humans. This study reports the effects, including genetic damage, of accumulations of trace metals on Liza aurata, which is used as a bio-indicator species, in the Payas coast of Iskenderun Bay, north-eastern Mediterranean by COMET Assay. L. aurata were seasonally collected from a sampling site and a reference site for one year. Physicochemical parameters in water and trace metals in the tissues of fish collected from these sites were determined by electrochemical techniques. High DNA damage frequency in L. aurata was observed along the Payas coast of Iskenderun Bay compared to the reference site because of pollutants. The detected high levels of Cd, Pb, Fe and Cu accumulation in L. aurata exceed the maximum levels allowed by the national and international limit values. Significant positive correlations between Cd, Pb, Hg, Cr, Fe, Zn, and Cu accumulations and DNA damage parameters were observed in the present study. Additionally, we first reported the successful use of the electrochemical technique in the determination of trace metal concentrations in mullet. Moreover, L. aurata constitutes a key tool as a sentinel organism for biomonitoring of coastal ecosystems. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-022-02591-

[68Ga]-DOTATOC-PET/CT for meningioma IMRT treatment planning

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Purpose</p> <p>The observation that human meningioma cells strongly express somatostatin receptor (SSTR 2) was the rationale to analyze retrospectively in how far DOTATOC PET/CT is helpful to improve target volume delineation for intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).</p> <p>Patients and Methods</p> <p>In 26 consecutive patients with preferentially skull base meningioma, diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and planning-computed tomography (CT) was complemented with data from [⁶⁸Ga]-DOTA-D Phe¹-Tyr³-Octreotide (DOTATOC)-PET/CT. Image fusion of PET/CT, diagnostic computed tomography, MRI and radiotherapy planning CT as well as target volume delineation was performed with OTP-Masterplan^®. Initial gross tumor volume (GTV) definition was based on MRI data only and was secondarily complemented with DOTATOC-PET information. Irradiation was performed as EUD based IMRT, using the Hyperion Software package.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The integration of the DOTATOC data led to additional information concerning tumor extension in 17 of 26 patients (65%). There were major changes of the clinical target volume (CTV) which modify the PTV in 14 patients, minor changes were realized in 3 patients. Overall the GTV-MRI/CT was larger than the GTV-PET in 10 patients (38%), smaller in 13 patients (50%) and almost the same in 3 patients (12%). Most of the adaptations were performed in close vicinity to bony skull base structures or after complex surgery. Median GTV based on MRI was 18.1 cc, based on PET 25.3 cc and subsequently the CTV was 37.4 cc. Radiation planning and treatment of the DOTATOC-adapted volumes was feasible.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>DOTATOC-PET/CT information may strongly complement patho-anatomical data from MRI and CT in cases with complex meningioma and is thus helpful for improved target volume delineation especially for skull base manifestations and recurrent disease after surgery.</p

Surgical treatment of classic kaposi's sarcoma in the lower extremity

Objective: Classic Kaposi's sarcoma is an indolent, angioproliferative tumor that is usually observed in the lower extremities of elderly men. Depending on their stages, skin lesions are maculonodular or vegetative ulcerated masses. Visceral organ or lymph node involvement may rarely occur. There is no gold standard treatment for local diseases. Surgical excision, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and cryotherapy can be performed. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the long-term results of surgical excision and skin graft repair of stage I and II classic Kaposi's sarcoma skin lesions around the foot and ankle. Material and Methods: Eleven patients were included. The patients' age and gender, location of lesion, surgical treatment, follow- up period, and recurrence were evaluated by retrospectively examining patient records. For the surgical treatment, the lesion was excised with a 0.5-cm safe skin margin. The defect area was repaired with full-thickness skin grafts that were obtained from the inguinal region in all patients. Results: Eight of the patients were male and three were female. The average age of the patients was 69 (54-84) years. All patients were completely cured. The average follow-up period was 1.8 (1-3) years. No recurrence was observed in any of the patients at the end of the follow-up period. Conclusion: Classic Kaposi's sarcoma skin lesions in the lower extremity can be completely cured by surgical excision, with no recurrence risk. After surgical excision, using a full-thickness skin graft for repairing primary cutaneous defects, particularly those in the soles, is a simple and reliable method

Evaluation of frequency and the attacks features of patients with colchicine resistance in FMF

Introduction: Colchicine is the mainstay for the treatment of FMF, which is an auto-inflammatory disease mainly with relapsing polyserositis. Despite daily doses of 2 mg ormore each day, approximately 5% to 10% of the patients continue to suffer from its attacks. In this study, we aimed to investigate the depression and attack features in patients withFMF who have colchicine resistance (CR).Patients e Methods: CR was defined for FMF patients with 2 or more attacks within the last6 months period while using 2 mg/day colchicine. Eighteen patients (9 Female/9 Male) wereenrolled into the CR group and 41 patients were enrolled into the control group (12 Male/29Female). Demographic, clinical e laboratory findings, treatment adherence, and the BeckDepression Inventory (BDI) scores were evaluated. Results: The age of onset of FMF was significantly lower in the CR group (12.3 yrs vs. 16.9 yrs, P = 0.03). Disease duration was longer in the CR group (P = 0.01). Abdominal and leg pain dueto exercise were significantly more frequent in the CR group versus controls (83% vs. 51%;P = 0.02 e 88% vs. 60%; P = 0.04, respectively). Patients with BDI scores over 17 points weremore frequent in the CR group compared to controls (50% vs. 34.1%; P < 0.001).Discussion: We found that: (1) the age of disease onset was lower and (2) the disease durationwas longer in CR group. Pleuritic attacks, hematuria e proteinuria were more frequent in CRpatients. We propose that depression is an important factor to consider in the susceptibilityto CR. © 2014 Elsevier Editora Ltda

Comparison of single versus fractionated dose of stereotactic radiotherapy for salvaging local failures of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a matched-cohort analysis

BACKGROUND: Local failure is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Although surgery or brachytherapy may be feasible in selected cases, most patients with local failure require external beam re-irradiation. Stereotactic radiation using single or multiple fractions have been employed in re-irradiation of NPC, but the optimal fractionation scheme and dose are not clear. METHODS: Records of 125 NPC patients who received salvage stereotactic radiation were reviewed. A matched-pair design was used to select patients with similar prognostic factors who received stereotactic re-irradiation using single fraction (SRS) or multiple fractions (SRM). Eighty-six patients were selected with equal number in SRS and SRM groups. All patients were individually matched for failure type (persistent or recurrent), rT stage (rT1-2 or rT3-4), and tumor volume (5-10 cc, or >10 cc). Median dose was 12.5 Gy in single fraction by SRS, and 34 Gy in 2-6 fractions by SRM. RESULTS: Local control rate was better in SRM group although overall survival rates were similar. One- and 3-year local failure-free rates were 70% and 51% in SRS group compared with 91% and 83% in SRM group (p = 0.003). One- and 3-year overall survival rates were 98% and 66% in SRS group compared with 78% and 61% in SRM group (p = 0.31). The differences in local control were mainly observed in recurrent or rT2-4 disease. Incidence of severe late complications was 33% in SRS group vs. 21% in SRM group, including brain necrosis (16% vs. 12%) and hemorrhage (5% vs. 2%). CONCLUSION: Our study showed that SRM was superior to SRS in salvaging local failures of NPC, especially in the treatment of recurrent and rT2-4 disease. In patient with local failure of NPC suitable for stereotactic re-irradiation, use of fractionated treatment is preferred.link_to_subscribed_fulltex

The Changing Waves of Migration from the Balkans to Turkey: A Historical Account

Ahmet İçduygu and Deniz Sert tell the history of migration from the Balkans to Turkey from the end of the nineteenth century to the present. They relate this history to nation-building, but also to economic conditions and specific Turkish concerns, such as the perceived need for immigration to compensate for a declining population at that time. They also demonstrate that after 1990, ethnic migration decreased and irregular labour migration became more important