MIST ve BRICS ülkelerinde Uluslararası Ticaret, Küreselleşme ve Fosil Enerji Kullanımı Çevresel Bozulmayı Nasıl Etkiliyor?: Panel Veri Analizi Tahmini

Karbon emisyonundaki artış, çevre kirliliğinin en önemli sebeplerden biridir. Karbon emisyon oranları, iklim değişikliği gibi çevresel faktörler üzerinde belirgin derecede etkiye sahiptir. Ülkelerde karbon emisyonunun azaltılması ve küresel ısınmanın önlenmesi amacıyla çevre teknolojilerinin payının arttırılması önemli bir gerçektir. Gösterdikleri ekonomik performans, yüksek büyüme hızı, sanayileşme politikaları ve çabaları ile BRICS ve MIST ülkelerindeki karbon emisyonu da yüksektir. Çalışma kapsamında MIST ile BRICS ülkeleri için CO2 emisyonu ve emisyonu belirleyen faktörler arasındaki ilişki, 1990-2018 yılları arasında ikinci nesil panel veri analizi tahmin yöntemleri ile araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçları göre; her iki ülke grubunda Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi hipotezi geçerlidir. MIST ülkelerinde kişi başına düşen milli gelir emisyonu % 1.9 oranında artırırken, BRICS ülkelerinde bu artış %1.1’dir. Küreselleşmenin etkisi; BRICS ülkelerinde pozitif ve anlamlı iken, MIST ülkelerinde negatif ve anlamlı olarak elde edilmiştir. Enerji kullanımı her iki ülke grubunun da karbon emisyonunu artırmaktadır. MIST ülkelerinde dışa açıklık anlamsız, BRICS ülkelerinde ise dışa açıklık karbon emisyonunu azaltmaktadır

DR-70: A promising biomarker for the detection of lung cancer

Objective: Lung cancer (LC) is characterized by an aggressive phenotype with a high mortality rate, early metastasis, and proliferation rate. Treatment options and prognosis differ significantly at each stage. Despite the availability of multiple imaging studies and invasive procedures, the disorder is diagnosed at an advanced stage. Therefore, it is essential to find biomarkers for the early detection of LC. Patients and Methods: Between 2018 and 2020, 73 LC and 71 control with the same demographic characteristics were included in our study. DR-70 level was measured by a photometric method in serum samples taken from all subjects. Results: A total of 144 subjects (110 male, 34 female) was included in the study. DR-70 levels in the LC group (2.53 +/- 2.64 mu g/mL) were found to be statistically significantly higher than the control group (0.56 +/- 1.23 mu g/mL). Clinical sensitivity and specificity of DR-70 for LC were found to be 87.67% and 88.73%. Conclusions: The high sensitivity and specificity of DR-70 can be used as a biomarker for rapid diagnosis in patients with LC. Compared with other tumor biomarkers, DR-70 seems to have a better sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of LC

Covid-19's effect on global trade in the post-pandemic period: Forecast analysis of global gdp and trade a decade after 2025

By the end of May 2022 according to the data, the number of cases increased to 530 million, the number of virus-related deaths increased to 6.3 million, and the CFR decreased to 1.18 with the increase in vaccination. The full vaccination rate increased to 60% at the end of May. It should not be overlooked that vaccination is 18% in Africa and 11.8% in low-income countries. The global output GDP will be 99.4 trillion dollars in 2022 and 147 trillion dollars in 2035. It is also clearly seen that China will surpass the USA in national income at current prices in 2028. It is estimated that global imports will reach 23.5 trillion dollars in 2022 and 36.6 trillion dollars in 2035. It is expected that the chemicals and chemical products industry will be at the top with imports of 6.1 trillion dollars in 2022 and 9.5 trillion dollars in 2035 and is accounted for 25.3% of global imports in 2021. It is estimated that this rate will increase to 28.8% in 2035. Hong Kong is at the top with the Trade Openness Index value of 4.06 in 2022 and 4.5 in 2035

EXAMINING THE PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE MACHIAVELLIAN MANAGERIAL PRACTICES SCALE

This research aims to adapt and examine the validity and accuracy of the 6-item Machiavellian Managerial Practice Scale in Turkish, which is a sub-dimension of the Organizational Machiavellianism Scale developed by Kessler et al, (2010) In this context, construct validity (only in terms of convergent validity), factor structure (cofirmatory factor analysis) and reliability (internal consistency) of the Machiavellian Managerial Practices Scale were tested In order to test construct validity, narcissism, Machiavellism, psychopathy, and counterproductive work, behavior scale were used According to the results of the research, Machiavellian Managerial Practice Scale was positively identified with narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and counterproductive work behavior. These findings supported the convergent accuracy of the Machiavellian Managerial - Practice Scale. Dependent factor analysis showed that the fit nick supported the factor structure of the scale. Finally, the internal - consistency of the scale was calculated at an acceptable fever. As a result, the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Machiavellian Managerial Practice Scale were be at an acceptable level

Foreign direct investment and pollution haven hypothesis

Bu çalışma, Türkiye'de kirlilik sığınağı hipotezinin geçerliliğini 1974-2013 dönemi için incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Söz konusu amaç doğrultusunda, kişi başı karbondioksit emisyonu, kişi başı reel GSYH, kişi başı enerji tüketimi ve kişi başı doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar arasındaki ilişki, ARDL sınır testi yaklaşımı ve VECM Granger nedensellik yöntemi aracılığıyla incelenmiştir. ARDL testi sonucunda artan reel GSYH ve enerji tüketiminin çevresel kirliliği arttırdığı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Buna karşın, doğrudan yabancı yatırımlardaki artışın belirli bir düzeye kadar karbondioksit emisyonunu arttırdığı görülmüştür. Belirli bir düzeyden sonra ise doğrudan yatırımlardaki artış çevre kirliliğini azaltmaktadır. Ayrıca, VECM Granger nedensellik testi sonuçlarına göre, uzun dönemde çevre kirliliği, reel GSYH, enerji tüketimi ve doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar arasında çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisinin geçerli olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştırThis study aims to investigate the validity of pollution haven hypothesis for the period from 1974 to 2013 in Turkey. For this purpose, the relationship between CO2 emissions per capita, real GDP per capita, energy consumption per capita and foreign direct investment per capita is examined by using ARDL bounds test approach and VECM Granger causality method. The ARDL test results show that increased real GDP and energy consumption leads to increase in environmental pollution. However, increased foreign direct investment increases the CO2 emissions to a certain point. After this point, environmental pollution decreases with increasing foreign direct investment. In addition, according to the results of VECM Granger causality test, it is concluded that there is bidirectional causal relationship between environmental pollution, real GDP, energy consumption and foreign direct investment in the long ru

Design and analysis of robust rotor current controller for doubly fed induction generator

In the past decade wind energy systems were developed for efficient energy conversion. Most of the variable speed wind turbine systems include doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). DFIGs are used in electrical grid connected and standalone systems. This paper presents a novel, robust, rotor current controller structure for both grid connected and stand-alone DFIG applications. Controller is designed for the robustness against change in machine parameters, generator speed changes and load changes in stand alone systems. In the heart of controller design lays low pass filter based disturbance observer. Experimental results are provided that verify controller performance in grid connected scenario and stand alone generator scenario (local grid). Experiments are done using 1.1KW DFIG experimental test bed and custom developed switching inverter

Torakolumbosakral omurgada pedikül vidası malpozisyon oranlarının değerlendirilmesi: 100 hastanın postoperatif bilgisayarlı tomografi sonuçları

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the screw malpositions of patients who underwent transpedicular screw application in various elective and emergency conditions. Material and Methods: 100 patients who underwent transpedicular screw application with various spinal pathologies between January 2012 and September 2016 were included in this retrospective study. Anteroposterior and lateral X-rays and thin section spinal computed tomography scans were performed within 72 hours after the operation. The data including age, gender, operation levels, number of screws placed, preoperative and postoperative neurological conditions, complications, number of screw malpositions and revision surgeries of the patients were gathered. Results: A total of 692 transpedicular screws were applied to 100 cases. 610 (88.15%) of the 692 transpedicular screws placed were evaluated as normal. 82 screws (11.85%) were evaluated as malpositions and 5 of them were revised. According to Gertzbein classification; 20 screws were grade 1, 44 screws were grade 2 and 18 screws were grade 3. 4 patients had anterior perforation, 39 patients had medial perforation, 38 patients had lateral perforation and 1 patient had inferior perforation. There was a dominancy of thoracal levels in screw malpositions. Conclusion: Thin section CT scans taken postoperatively was found to be the gold standard for detecting screw malpositions. We identified that malpositions were most frequently seen as medial pedicle wall perforations in the thoracal region due to anatomical structure of the pediclesAmaç: Çalışmamızda elektif ve acil şartlarda çeşitli tanılarla opere olarak transpediküler vida uygulanan hastaların, vida pozisyonlarının retrospektif olarak incelenerek vida malpozisyonlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Ocak 2012 ile Eylül 2016 tarihleri arasında çeşitli spinal patolojilerle transpediküler vida uygulanan 100 hasta retrospektif olarak incelendi. Operasyon sonrası 72 saat içinde anteroposterior ve lateral direk grafi ve ince kesit spinal bilgisayarlı tomografi görüntülemeleri yapıldı. Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet, operasyon seviyeleri, yerleştirilen vida sayıları, preoperatif ve postoperatif nörolojik durumları, komplikasyonlar, vida malpozisyon sayıları ve revizyon ameliyatlarını içeren verileri toplandı. Bulgular: 100 olguya toplam 692 transpediküler vida uygulandı. Yerleştirilen 692 transpediküler vidanın 610'u (%88.15) normal olarak değerlendirildi. 82 vida (%11.85) malpozisyon olarak değerlendirildi ve 5'i revize edildi. Gertzbein sınıflamasına göre; 20 vida derece 1, 44 vida derece 2 ve 18 vida derece 3 olarak değerlendirildi. 4 hastada anterior perforasyon, 39 hastada medial perforasyon, 38 hastada lateral perforasyon, 1 hastada inferior perforasyon vardı. Vida malpozisyonlarının torakal seviyelerde daha çok görüldüğü saptandı. Sonuç: Ameliyat sonrası alınan ince kesitli bilgisayarlı tomografi taramaları vida malpozisyonlarının belirlenmesinde altın standart olarak kabul edilmektedir. Malpozisyonların pediküllerin anatomik yapısına bağlı olarak en sık torakal bölgede medial pedikül duvarı perforasyonları şeklinde olduğunu tespit ettik

Death due to Aortobronchial Fistula Related Massive Hemoptysis a Case Report

Aortobronchial fistulas are relatively rare but usually fatal if not treated since they might cause massive hemoptysis. Here we present a case of death of a 17-year-old male due to massive hemoptysis secondary to aortobronchial fistula. The deceased was firstly admitted to an emergency department with dyspnea, tachypnea, tachycardia, resistant metabolic acidosis, confusion, and somnolence. He was diagnosed with “diabetic ketoacidosis” following examinations; however, detailed radiological and clinical investigations revealed community-acquired infection findings and medical treatment was started accordingly. He was discharged after 15 days of hospitalization; however, he died unexpectedly 12 days after discharge. At autopsy a 4-cm aortobronchial fistula was found between the thoracic aortic wall and the left main bronchus. Histopathological examination of fistula showed diffuse and intense necro-inflammatory reaction and inflammatory response with polymorphonuclear leukocytes and necrosis. Death was attributed to massive hemoptysis and blood aspiration due to aortobronchial fistula. A feedback system, towards healthcare centers, based on autopsy findings and exact cause and mechanisms of death will contribute improvement of diagnosis and treatment approach. Keywords: Aortopulmonary fistula; Respiratory Tract Fistula; Bronchial Fistula; Vascular Fistula; Hemoptysis; Cannabinoids; Autopsy