Electrochemically synthesized polymers in molecular imprinting for chemical sensing

This critical review describes a class of polymers prepared by electrochemical polymerization that employs the concept of molecular imprinting for chemical sensing. The principal focus is on both conducting and nonconducting polymers prepared by electropolymerization of electroactive functional monomers, such as pristine and derivatized pyrrole, aminophenylboronic acid, thiophene, porphyrin, aniline, phenylenediamine, phenol, and thiophenol. A critical evaluation of the literature on electrosynthesized molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) applied as recognition elements of chemical sensors is presented. The aim of this review is to highlight recent achievements in analytical applications of these MIPs, including present strategies of determination of different analytes as well as identification and solutions for problems encountered

Dentin Permeability of Carious Primary Teeth

Background: Many in vitro studies have used dentine permeability to evaluatethe efficacy of various restorative and preventative procedures. The easiest wayto evaluate dentine permeability is to calculate its hydraulic conductance (Lp)using fluid filtration methods. Research has examined electronic hydraulicconductance measurement methods that give more precise and reliable resultsfor the permeability of dentine than the classical method. To our knowledge, nostudy has examined the dentine permeability of carious primary teeth. Aim: Thisin vitro study determined the dentine permeability of carious primary molarsprecisely with a new electronic hydraulic conductance measurement systemand compared them with healthy primary molars. Design: The study examined60 carious and noncarious primary second molars with no restorations, fractures,or cracks at different root resorption stages. Results: The results showed thatthe dentine permeability increased with the severity of caries in primary teeth.Conclusion: The dentine permeability of carious primary teeth was higher thanthat of noncarious primary teeth. Therefore, treatment of primary teeth should beperformed more quickly.Keywords: Carious, dentin permeability, primary teet

The effect of micro-electric current and other activation techniques on dissolution abilities of sodium hypochlorite in bovine tissues

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of micro-electric current on sodium hypochlorite’s (NaOCl’s) tissue-dissolution abilities, compared with other activation methods, including sonic, ultrasonic, pipetting, and temperature. METHODS: Bovine muscle tissues (n = 154) with standard sizes and weights were prepared and divided into two temperature groups: room temperature and 45 °C. Each temperature group was divided into seven sub-groups by activation methods: D = distilled water (−control); NaOCl = 5.25 % passive NaOCl (+ control); P = 5.25 % NaOCl with pipetting; SA = 5.25 % NaOCl with sonic activation; UA = 5.25 % NaOCl with ultrasonic activation; E-NaOCl = 5.25 % NaOCl with micro-electric current; and E-NaOCl + P = 5.25 % NaOCl with micro-electric current and pipetting. Specimens were weighed before and after treatment. Average, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, and median were calculated for each group. Resulting data were analyzed statistically using multi-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests. The level of the alpha-type error was set at < 0.05. RESULTS: At room temperature, the E-NaOCl + P group dissolved the highest amount of tissue (p < 0.05), and the UA, SA, and P groups dissolved significantly higher amounts of tissue than did the positive control or E-NaOCl groups (p < 0.05). At 45 °C, there was no significant difference between the SA and E-NaOCl groups (p > 0.05), and the E-NaOCl + P group dissolved a higher amount of tissue than any other group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Using NaOCl with micro-electric current can improve the tissue-dissolving ability of the solution. In addition, this method can be combined with additional techniques, such as heating and/or pipetting, to achieve a synergistic effect of NaOCl on tissue dissolution

Charm hadroproduction results from Selex

The SELEX experiment (E781) is 5-stage magnetic spectrometer for a high statistics study of hadroproduction of charm baryons out to large x(F) using 650 Gev Sigma (-), pi (-) and p beams. The main features of the spectrometer are: a high precision silicon vertex system, powerful particle identification provided by TRD and RICH, forward Lambda (s) decay spectrometer and 3-stage lead glass photon detector. An experiment overview and spectrometer features are shown. Reconstructed charm states and results on Lambda (c), D+ particles and antiparticles produced by Sigma (-), pi (-) and p beams at x(F) > 0.3 and asymmetry for Lambda (c) are presented

Search for long-lived particles using delayed photons in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search for long-lived particles decaying to photons and weakly interacting particles, using protonproton collision data at root s = 13 TeV collected by the CMS experiment in 2016-2017 is presented. The data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 77.4 fb(-1). Results are interpreted in the context of supersymmetry with gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking, where the neutralino is long-lived and decays to a photon and a gravitino. Limits are presented as a function of the neutralino proper decay length and mass. For neutralino proper decay lengths of 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 m, masses up to 320, 525, 360, and 215 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level, respectively. We extend the previous best limits in the neutralino proper decay length by up to one order of magnitude, and in the neutralino mass by up to 100 GeV