Diffusion of free/open source software as innovation: A case study of METU

In this research, the diffusion of free and open source software (FOSS) on desktop PCs at Middle East Technical University in Ankara (METU) is investigated within the framework of the diffusion of innovation theory. This work aims to propose some policies for the migration to FOSS on desktop PCs at METU. The research is conducted through two similar web-based surveys. The first survey was held during 27-28 September 2003 after the examination of exemption for the IS100 course. The second survey was held between 23 March and 24 May 2004 in the whole of the METU campus. This survey was open to all students and academic and non-academic staff with a METU network account. There were 402 participants in the first survey and 1224 in the second. As expected, Microsoft OS rules the desktop PCs within the METU campus. According to the surveys, there is a rather large PC user base which could potentially migrate to GNU/Linux system. In addition to a large amount of data, it has been found out that a migration to FOSS is welcomed greatly by the users if the process is explained on the basis of public economic gains. However personal migration is still difficult if the user is left alone to install any new OS. Activities which will eventually increase the awareness for FOSS at METU, change in the curriculum of the IS100 course, collaboration among METU FOSS users and creation of a software catalog with possible FOSS equivalent for METU courses are some of the propositions which will eventually help the migration process. Furthermore, different innovation-decision models are discussed based on the research findings

L’adoption de l’innovation ouverte par un groupe de chercheurs en informatique

L’étude de cas présentée dans cet article analyse les difficultés d’un groupe de chercheurs en informatique au sein d’Alcatel-Lucent, qui cherche à adopter l’innovation ouverte. Les méthodes utilisées sont l’observation participante et les entretiens semi-directifs. Cet article tente d’identifier les obstacles au déploiement de l’innovation ouverte, ce processus étant discuté dans le cadre de la littérature sur les routines et les schémas d’interprétation.This article attempts to identify barriers to the adoption of open innovation faced by a software R&D group within Alcatel-Lucent. The main methodology used in this case study is participant observation and open-ended interviews. This process is discussed within the framework of the literature on routines and interpretive schemes

Yenilik olarak özgür ve açık kaynak yazılımların yayılımı : ODTÜ örneği

In this thesis, the diffusion of free and open source software (FOSS) on desktop PCs at Middle East Technical University in Ankara (METU) is investigated within the framework of the diffusion of innovation theory. This thesis aims to propose some policies for the migration to FOSS on desktop PCs at METU. The research is conducted through two similar web-based surveys. The first survey was held during 27-28 September 2003 after the examination of exemption for the IS100 course. The second survey was held between 23 March and 24 May 2004 in the whole of the METU campus. This survey was open to all students and academic and non-academic staff with a METU network account. There were 402 participants in the first survey and 1224 in the second. As expected, Microsoft OS rules the desktop PCs within the METU campus. According to the surveys, there is a rather large PC user base which could potentially migrate to GNU/Linux system. In addition to a large amount of data, it has been found out that a migration to FOSS is welcomed greatly by the users if the process is explained on the basis of public economic gains. However personal migration is still difficult if the user is left alone to install any new OS. Activities which will eventually increase the awareness for FOSS at METU, change in the curriculum of the IS100 course, collaboration among METU FOSS users and creation of a software catalog with possible FOSS equivalent for METU courses are some of the propositions which will eventually help the migration process. Furthermore, different innovation-decision models are discussed based on the research findings.M.S. - Master of Scienc

Financial market reaction to cyberattacks

International audienceDrawing upon an extensive dataset comprising 3,680 cyberattacks on firms listed in 5 stock markets, our main objective is to ascertain the financial market reaction based on a hybrid valuation inspired by the event study methodology and a counterfactual analysis. Analyses concern three dates that are specific to cyberattacks: 1) the accident date; 2) the first notice date; and 3) the original loss start date. Results indicate that there is a negative abnormal return for the NASDAQ after the accident date. The reactions of the NASDAQ and NYSE are similar, and negative for the first notice date but positive after the original loss start date. In the European context, cumulative abnormal returns are negative for French and German companies after the first notice date

Green-tech firm creation in Germany: the role of regional knowledge

CNRS 4, FNEGE 3, HCERES B, ABS 1International audienceDue to the increasing awareness on environmental issues, the necessity to implement more sustainable technologies is becoming a central theme for policy makers and economic agents. The beneficial effects of these technologies are not restricted to the environmental sphere, but also concern economic activity. In the present study, building on the knowledge spillovers theory of entrepreneurship, we look at the role of regional knowledge capabilities in facilitating green-tech firm creation in German regions. Exploiting the European Patent Office PATSTAT database in order to build regional knowledge measures, and official German government sources concerning regional green entrepreneurship activity, we consider both knowledge capacity and knowledge diversity aspects. We differentiate patents in terms of quality, using citation-based measures, and adopt a recombinant knowledge approach to account for knowledge heterogeneity. Results highlight the key role played by knowledge capacity measures, such as absorptive and innovative knowledge capacity, in promoting entrepreneurship. Although, among knowledge diversity measures only related diversity is found to promote the creation of new firms

Measuring ICT externalities and their contribution to productivity: a bilateral trade based approach

CNRS 4, HCERES C, ABS 1International audienceThis paper studies the contribution of information and communication technology (ICT) to productivity both directly – and indirectly, via externalities that originate in other sectors or countries.Building upon the theoretical model proposed by Basu et al. (2003), we include several features to account for two important aspects of ICT: complementarity with other intangibles, and externalities among different sectors. We propose several measures of externalities, distinguishing between foreign and domestic spillovers, and inter- and intra-industry spillovers. We focus on domestic spillovers, and compare a standard measure with a measure computed by weighting the ICT capital of other industries with bilateral sectoral trade.We find that results are affected by the way spillovers are measured. Evidence in favour of domestic externalities is only found when using the second measure, meaning that spillover effects only exist among industries that are connected via international trade. Foreign spillover effects are not detected

Estimates of the macroeconomic costs of cyber‐attacks

International audienceThis paper estimates the macroeconomic losses related to the cyber-attacks originating from the information and communications technology (ICT) and the financial sectors. The study accounts for the interdependency of various economic sectors and looks to the cascading effect of cyber-attacks on production network in the United States and leading Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries with the help of the input–output methodology and the World Input–Output Database. Our results suggest that cyber-attacks that affect the ICT and finance sectors result in losses which also impact different economic sectors, due to cascading effects

The combined contribution of intangible capital and global value chain participation to productivity

International audienceThis paper studies the combined contribution to productivity of four types of intangibles (R&D, software and databases, design and economic competencies) and global value chain (GVC) participation. The analysis is conducted at industry level. GVC participation is analysed using network centrality measures calculated from the World Input-Output Database (WIOD), while intangible valuation is obtained from the Intan-Invest database. Our unbalanced panel consists of 14 countries and 16 industries observed for the period 2000-2014. The analysis is based on a two-stage procedure. First, a proxy for total factor productivity (TFP) is obtained by estimating a production function with labour and non-ICT capital as inputs. Secondly, estimated TFP is used to evaluate how several types of intangibles and GVC measures affect productivity. Moreover, we use interaction terms in order to estimate jointly the impact of the two factors and evaluate the role of intangibles in the transmission mechanism between GVC and productivity. Both GVCs and intangibles were found to be significant drivers of productivity. Moreover, we find a combined effect of the two variables, with intangibles that moderate the relation between GVC and productivity

Şekil bellekli CuZnAl alaşımlarının üretim ve karakterizasyonu

TÜBİTAK MİSAG01.02.1998Şekil bellekli CuZnAl alaşımları, ticari saflıktaki malzemelerden ve tane inceltici TİB2 katkısı ile atmosfere açık indüksiyon ocağında üretilmiştir. Üretilen alaşımlar 22 mm başlangıç çapından 4.75 mm çapa sıcak dövülerek şekillendirilmişlerdir. CuZnAl üçlü faz diagramımn % 3, 4.5, 5 Al için ikili kesitleri oluşturulmuştur.. Alaşımların içyapıları geçirimli elektron mikroskopunda incelenmiş ve ana fazın düzenli DO3 yapısında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Düzenli ana fazın, Ms sıcaklığının altına soğutulduğunda veya gerilim uygulandığında 18R1 martensit yapısına dönüştüğü gözlenmiştir. Alaşımların şekil bellek davranışı değişen gerilim, gerinim ve sıcaklık parametreleri olarak özel olarak tasarlanmış ve üretilmiş bir burma test cihazında belirlenmiştir. Döngüsel yüklemenin şekil bellek davranışına etkisi serbest geri dönüşüm, kısıtlı geri dönüşüm ve süperelastiklik deneyleri ile çalışılmıştır. Döngü sonucunda, geri kazanilamayan ve şekil bellek davranışının verimini belirleyen kalıcı gerinimin hızla azalarak sıfıra ulaştığı, çift yönlü şekil bellek özelliğinin oluştuğu, süperelastik davranışın kararlılaştığı ve iyileştiği gözlenmiştir. Şekil bellek ve süperelastiklik uygulama tasarımlarında kullanılabilecek kısıtlanmış geri dönüşüm verileri sunulmaktadır