6 research outputs found
Ambient particulate air pollution and daily mortality in 652 cities
BACKGROUND : The systematic evaluation of the results of time-series studies of air pollution is challenged
by differences in model specification and publication bias.
METHODS : We evaluated the associations of inhalable particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic
diameter of 10 ÎŒm or less (PM10) and fine PM with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 ÎŒm
or less (PM2.5) with daily all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality across multiple
countries or regions. Daily data on mortality and air pollution were collected from 652
cities in 24 countries or regions. We used overdispersed generalized additive models with
random-effects meta-analysis to investigate the associations. Two-pollutant models were
fitted to test the robustness of the associations. Concentrationâresponse curves from each
city were pooled to allow global estimates to be derived.
RESULTS : On average, an increase of 10 ÎŒg per cubic meter in the 2-day moving average of PM10
concentration, which represents the average over the current and previous day, was associated
with increases of 0.44% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39 to 0.50) in daily all-cause
mortality, 0.36% (95% CI, 0.30 to 0.43) in daily cardiovascular mortality, and 0.47% (95%
CI, 0.35 to 0.58) in daily respiratory mortality. The corresponding increases in daily mortality
for the same change in PM2.5 concentration were 0.68% (95% CI, 0.59 to 0.77), 0.55%
(95% CI, 0.45 to 0.66), and 0.74% (95% CI, 0.53 to 0.95). These associations remained
significant after adjustment for gaseous pollutants. Associations were stronger in locations
with lower annual mean PM concentrations and higher annual mean temperatures. The
pooled concentrationâresponse curves showed a consistent increase in daily mortality with
increasing PM concentration, with steeper slopes at lower PM concentrations.
CONCLUSIONS : Our data show independent associations between short-term exposure to PM10 and PM2.5
and daily all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality in more than 600 cities across
the globe. These data reinforce the evidence of a link between mortality and PM concentration
established in regional and local studies.The National Natural Science
Foundation of China and othershttp://www.nejm.orgam2020Geography, Geoinformatics and Meteorolog
The miniJPAS survey: A preview of the Universe in 56 colors
The Javalambre-Physics of the Accelerating Universe Astrophysical Survey (J-PAS) will scan thousands of square degrees of the northern sky with a unique set of 56 filters using the dedicated 2.55 m Javalambre Survey Telescope (JST) at the Javalambre Astrophysical Observatory. Prior to the installation of the main camera (4.2âdeg2 field-of-view with 1.2 Gpixels), the JST was equipped with the JPAS-Pathfinder, a one CCD camera with a 0.3âdeg2 field-of-view and plate scale of 0.23 arcsec pixelâ1. To demonstrate the scientific potential of J-PAS, the JPAS-Pathfinder camera was used to perform miniJPAS, a âŒ1 deg2 survey of the AEGIS field (along the Extended Groth Strip). The field was observed with the 56 J-PAS filters, which include 54 narrow band (FWHMââŒâ145 Ă
) and two broader filters extending to the UV and the near-infrared, complemented by the u,âg,âr,âi SDSS broad band filters. In this miniJPAS survey overview paper, we present the miniJPAS data set (images and catalogs), as we highlight key aspects and applications of these unique spectro-photometric data and describe how to access the public data products. The data parameters reach depths of magABâââ22â23.5 in the 54 narrow band filters and up to 24 in the broader filters (5Ï in a 3âł aperture). The miniJPAS primary catalog contains more than 64â000 sources detected in the r band and with matched photometry in all other bands. This catalog is 99% complete at râ=â23.6 (râ=â22.7) mag for point-like (extended) sources. We show that our photometric redshifts have an accuracy better than 1% for all sources up to râ=â22.5, and a precision of â€0.3% for a subset consisting of about half of the sample. On this basis, we outline several scientific applications of our data, including the study of spatially-resolved stellar populations of nearby galaxies, the analysis of the large scale structure up to zââŒâ0.9, and the detection of large numbers of clusters and groups. Sub-percent redshift precision can also be reached for quasars, allowing for the study of the large-scale structure to be pushed to zâ>â2. The miniJPAS survey demonstrates the capability of the J-PAS filter system to accurately characterize a broad variety of sources and paves the way for the upcoming arrival of J-PAS, which will multiply this data by three orders of magnitude
The miniJPAS survey: a preview of the Universe in 56 colours
International audienceThe Javalambre-Physics of the Accelerating Universe Astrophysical Survey (J-PAS) will soon start to scan thousands of square degrees of the northern extragalactic sky with a unique set of optical filters from a dedicated m telescope, JST, at the Javalambre Astrophysical Observatory. Before the arrival of the final instrument (a 1.2 Gpixels, 4.2deg field-of-view camera), the JST was equipped with an interim camera (JPAS-Pathfinder), composed of one CCD with a 0.3deg field-of-view and resolution of 0.23 arcsec pixel. To demonstrate the scientific potential of J-PAS, with the JPAS-Pathfinder camera we carried out a survey on the AEGIS field (along the Extended Groth Strip), dubbed miniJPAS. We observed a total of deg, with the J-PAS filters, which include narrow band (NB, Angstrom) and two broader filters extending to the UV and the near-infrared, complemented by the SDSS broad band (BB) filters. In this paper we present the miniJPAS data set, the details of the catalogues and data access, and illustrate the scientific potential of our multi-band data. The data surpass the target depths originally planned for J-PAS, reaching between and for the NB filters and up to for the BB filters ( in a ~arcsec aperture). The miniJPAS primary catalogue contains more than sources extracted in the detection band with forced photometry in all other bands. We estimate the catalogue to be complete up to for point-like sources and up to for extended sources. Photometric redshifts reach subpercent precision for all sources up to , and a precision of % for about half of the sample. (Abridged
The miniJPAS survey: A preview of the Universe in 56 colors
International audienceThe Javalambre-Physics of the Accelerating Universe Astrophysical Survey (J-PAS) will scan thousands of square degrees of the northern sky with a unique set of 56 filters using the dedicated 2.55 m Javalambre Survey Telescope (JST) at the Javalambre Astrophysical Observatory. Prior to the installation of the main camera (4.2âdeg2 field-of-view with 1.2 Gpixels), the JST was equipped with the JPAS-Pathfinder, a one CCD camera with a 0.3âdeg2 field-of-view and plate scale of 0.23 arcsec pixelâ1. To demonstrate the scientific potential of J-PAS, the JPAS-Pathfinder camera was used to perform miniJPAS, a âŒ1 deg2 survey of the AEGIS field (along the Extended Groth Strip). The field was observed with the 56 J-PAS filters, which include 54 narrow band (FWHMââŒâ145 Ă
) and two broader filters extending to the UV and the near-infrared, complemented by the u,âg,âr,âi SDSS broad band filters. In this miniJPAS survey overview paper, we present the miniJPAS data set (images and catalogs), as we highlight key aspects and applications of these unique spectro-photometric data and describe how to access the public data products. The data parameters reach depths of magABâââ22â23.5 in the 54 narrow band filters and up to 24 in the broader filters (5Ï in a 3âł aperture). The miniJPAS primary catalog contains more than 64â000 sources detected in the r band and with matched photometry in all other bands. This catalog is 99% complete at râ=â23.6 (râ=â22.7) mag for point-like (extended) sources. We show that our photometric redshifts have an accuracy better than 1% for all sources up to râ=â22.5, and a precision of â€0.3% for a subset consisting of about half of the sample. On this basis, we outline several scientific applications of our data, including the study of spatially-resolved stellar populations of nearby galaxies, the analysis of the large scale structure up to zââŒâ0.9, and the detection of large numbers of clusters and groups. Sub-percent redshift precision can also be reached for quasars, allowing for the study of the large-scale structure to be pushed to zâ>â2. The miniJPAS survey demonstrates the capability of the J-PAS filter system to accurately characterize a broad variety of sources and paves the way for the upcoming arrival of J-PAS, which will multiply this data by three orders of magnitude.Key words: surveys / techniques: photometric / astronomical databases: miscellaneous / stars: general / galaxies: general / cosmology: observationsâ miniJPAS data and associated value added catalogs are publicly available http://archive.cefca.es/catalogues/minijpas-pdr20191