67 research outputs found

    Persistent Cell-Autonomous Circadian Oscillations in Fibroblasts Revealed by Six-Week Single-Cell Imaging of PER2::LUC Bioluminescence

    Get PDF
    Biological oscillators naturally exhibit stochastic fluctuations in period and amplitude due to the random nature of molecular reactions. Accurately measuring the precision of noisy oscillators and the heterogeneity in period and strength of rhythmicity across a population of cells requires single-cell recordings of sufficient length to fully represent the variability of oscillations. We found persistent, independent circadian oscillations of clock gene expression in 6-week-long bioluminescence recordings of 80 primary fibroblast cells dissociated from PER2::LUC mice and kept in vitro for 6 months. Due to the stochastic nature of rhythmicity, the proportion of cells appearing rhythmic increases with the length of interval examined, with 100% of cells found to be rhythmic when using 3-week windows. Mean period and amplitude are remarkably stable throughout the 6-week recordings, with precision improving over time. For individual cells, precision of period and amplitude are correlated with cell size and rhythm amplitude, but not with period, and period exhibits much less cycle-to-cycle variability (CV 7.3%) than does amplitude (CV 37%). The time series are long enough to distinguish stochastic fluctuations within each cell from differences among cells, and we conclude that the cells do exhibit significant heterogeneity in period and strength of rhythmicity, which we measure using a novel statistical metric. Furthermore, stochastic modeling suggests that these single-cell clocks operate near a Hopf bifurcation, such that intrinsic noise enhances the oscillations by minimizing period variability and sustaining amplitude

    Итоги первого этапа валидации алгоритма ВИЗГ для уточнения стадирования рака предстательной железы до начала лечения

    Get PDF
    Background. We have previously described an algorithm APhiGT (Age, Prostate Health index, Gleason score, TNM stage) for staging of prostate cancer (PC) before treatment. The algorithm was developed by logistic regression on an educational selection (ES) of 337 PC cases. The algorithm includes data about the age of patients, the levels of total prostate-specific antigen (PSA), free PSA, [-2]proPSA and the ranked data of the Gleason score (by biopsy results) and T (by TNM).Objective. Validation of APhiGT on the validation selection (VS) of 83 PC cases was carried out in this work.Materials and methods. ROC analysis was performed in ES and VS.Results and сonclusion. It is established that area under the curve (AUC), characterizing the ability to divide clinically significant subgroups of patients (Gleason score <7 vs. Gleason score ≥7, рТ2 vs. рТ3, localized indolent PC vs. localized aggressive PC) for APhiGT both in ES and VS was significantly higher than AUC for total PSA, %[-2]proPSA in free PSA and prostate health index. At the same time, in all clinical subgroups of patients AUC for VS was lower than AUC for ES, which may be due to a significantly smaller size of VS compared to ES.Введение. Ранее нами был описан алгоритм ВИЗГ (Возраст, Индекс Здоровья предстательной железы, сумма баллов по шкале Глисона, стадия TNM) для уточнения стадирования рака предстательной железы (РПЖ) до начала лечения. Алгоритм был разработан путем логистической регрессии на учебной выборке (УВ) из 337 наблюдений РПЖ. В алгоритм входят данные о возрасте пациентов, уровнях общего простатического специфического антигена (общПСА), свободного ПСА, [-2]проПСА и ранжированный показатель суммы баллов по шкале Глисона (по результатам биопсии) и ранжированный показатель Т (по TNMклассификации).Цель исследования – валидация ВИЗГ на валидационной выборке (ВВ) из 83 случаев РПЖ.Материалы и методы. Был проведен ROC-анализ в УВ и ВВ.Результаты и заключение. Установлено, что площадь под ROC-кривой (АUС), характеризующая способность разделять клинически значимые подгруппы больных (сумма баллов по шкале Глисона в соответствии с патоморфологическим заключением <7 / ≥7, рТ2 / рТ3, локализованный индолентный РПЖ / локализованный агрессивный РПЖ) для ВИЗГ как в УВ, так и в ВВ, существенно превосходила АUС для общПСА, доли [-2]проПСА в свободном ПСА и индекса здоровья предстательной железы. В то же время во всех клинических подгруппах больных АUС для ВВ была меньше, чем для УВ, что может быть обусловлено существенно меньшим объемом ВВ по сравнению с УВ.

    Валидация пороговых решающих правил и калькулятора для алгоритма ВИЗГ, предназначенного для уточнения стадии рака предстательной железы до начала лечения

    Get PDF
    Background. We have previously described an algorithm APhiG (Age of patients, Prostate health index and Gleason score), for staging of prostate cancer before treatment. The algorithm was developed by logistic regression on a training dataset and validated on a validation dataset (VD). Objective. Validation of threshold decision rules and a program for APhiG calculation on the VD.Materials and methods. ROC curve analysis on VD (83 cases).Results and conclusion. It was shown that sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, diagnostic accuracy threshold decision rules and area under the curve (AUC) for APhiG in the VD (n = 83) not significantly different from those indicators in the training dataset (n = 337), which was the basis for the algorithm APhiG development.Введение. Ранее нами был описан алгоритм ВИЗГ (Возраст, Индекс Здоровья предстательной железы, сумма баллов по шкале Глисона), предназначенный для уточнения стадирования рака предстательной железы (РПЖ) до начала лечения. Алгоритм разработан путем логистической регрессии на учебной выборке и валидирован на валидационной выборке (ВВ) данных.Цель исследования – валидация пороговых решающих правил и программы-калькулятора для алгоритма ВИЗГ на ВВ данных.Материалы и методы. ROC-анализ данных ВВ (n = 83).Результаты и заключение. Показано, что чувствительность, специфичность, положительное и отрицательное прогностические значения, диагностическая точность пороговых решающих правил и площадь под кривой (АUC) для ВИЗГ по результатам ROC-анализа данных ВВ, включающей 83 случая РПЖ, достоверно не отличаются от показателей, рассчитанных по данным учебной выборки, на основании которой был разработан алгоритм ВИЗГ, состоящей из 337 наблюдений РПЖ

    Effect of Time in Chemical Cleaning of Ultrafiltration Membranes

    No full text
    Chemical cleaning of ultrafiltration membranes is often considered successful when the flux through a cleaned membrane is much higher than through a pristine one. Here, a novel definition of cleaning intensity is proposed as the product of the concentration of the cleaning agent and the cleaning time (Ct), and it is shown that Ct values between 0.5 and 1.0?g?h?L1 are sufficient for effective cleaning. Experiments with PES-30 and PVDF-30 membranes fouled by bovine serum albumin and cleaned with surfactant, oxidant, and formulated cleaning agents demonstrate that a good cleaning should last for 1020?min and restore the flux through a virgin membrane. More intensive cleaning increases the membrane hydrophilicity and the water flux, but soon causes more severe fouling and even membrane disintegration

    Cleaning UF membranes with simple and formulated solutions

    No full text
    The ultrafiltration membranes fouled by proteins are typically cleaned by consecutive soaking in alkali, surfactant and oxidizing solutions. We combined all three chemicals into a formulated cleaning agent and examined its efficiency to restore the water flux without damaging the membrane or enhancing protein fouling. Lower concentrations of ingredients in the composite were required to restore the water flux to the initial level. The membrane after the cleaning remained intact and subsequent filtration left trace protein amount on the membrane surface. We propose a mechanism of cleaning based on a fast penetration of alkali and oxidizing ingredients through a fouling layer and efficient micellation of detached foulants with surfactant

    New directions for dehydrocyclodimerization of piperylene

    No full text
    corecore