Resveratrol diminishes bisphenol A-induced oxidative stress through TRPM2 channel in the mouse kidney cortical collecting duct cells

Bisphenol A (BisPH-A) is a latent danger that threatens our health, which we frequently exposure in our modern life (e.g. the widespread use of drinking water in plastic pet bottles). But the BisPH-A induced transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2)-mediated oxidative stress and apoptosis in these cells has not been studied yet. Calcium (Ca2+) plays an important role in a versatile intracellular signal transduction that works over a wide range to regulate oxidative stress processes. TRPM2 is activated by oxidative stress and it has emerged as an important Ca2+ signaling mechanism in a variety of cells, contributing many cellular functions including cell death. Resveratrol (RESV), which belongs to the polyphenol group, acts as an antioxidant, eliminating cellular oxidative stress and increasing the body’s resistance to diseases. The current study aimed to elucidate the effect of antioxidant resveratrol on TRPM2-mediated oxidative stress induced by BisPH-A exposure in the mouse kidney cortical collecting duct cells (mpkCCDcl4). The cells were divided into four groups as control, resveratrol (50 µM for 24 h), BisPH-A (100 µM for 24 h) and BisPH-A + RESV. Intracellular free Ca2+ concentrations and TRPM2 channel currents were high in BisPH-A treated cells, but decreased with resveratrol treatment. In addition, BisPH-A induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization, reactive oxygen species (ROS), caspase 3, caspase 9 and apoptosis values were decreased by the resveratrol treatment. In conclusion, resveratrol protected cells from BisPH-A induced oxidative damage. In this study, we showed that TRPM2 channel mediates this protective effect of resveratrol. © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group

Plant growth promoting bacteria enhances photosynthesis, nodulation and root system architecture in lentil under lead toxicity

The usage of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) in mitigation of harmful effects of lead (Pb) toxicity in plants and bioremediation of it from soils is a sustainable, effective and low-cost strategy. The experiment was laid out to investigate the role of PGPB on morphological and physiological growth, root system architecture and nodulation of lentil under Pb stress. The experiment was conducted according to completely randomized factorial design with four replications at the laboratory of the Field Crops Department, Siirt University, Siirt in 2022. The four Pb levels and three bacterial inoculations were used in the experiment. Plant height, seedling fresh weight, root fresh weight, seedling dry weight, root dry weight, total chlorophyll content, taproot length, number of lateral roots, total root length and number of nodule varied between 15.7-25.9 cm, 0.123-0.235 g, 0.019-0.092 g, 0.0104-0.0326 g, 0.0076-0.0146 g, 27.9-47.2%, 8.9-19.2 cm, 4.00-14.67, 17.6-44.8 cm and 1.37 10.63, respectively. Bio-priming with PGPB containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase activity increased dry matter accumulation up to 56.1% and 22.9% in shoots and roots, respectively. Chlorophyll content enhanced up to 17.9% compared with control application. Besides, root system architecture and nodule formation were improved by bio priming both under stress and non-stress conditions. Bio-priming with PGPB may be a sustainable solution to mitigate oxidative stress and promote plant growth and yield in lentil under Pb-contaminated soils

The Effect of Vitamin D Administration on Androgen Levels in Addition to Metformin Treatment in Adolescent Girls with Hyperandrogenism

This retrospective study was planned to examine the relationship between glucose metabolism, androgen and lipid profiles after vitamin D and metformin treatments in adolescent girls with hyperandrogenism. Forty-five adolescent female patients diagnosed with hyperandrogenism were divided into three groups. The first group of patients was given metformin (M), the second group was given metformin and vitamin D drops (MdD), and the third group were those who received oral metformin and vitamin D ampoules (MsD). Biochemical and hormonal parameters at the end of 8 weeks were compared statistically. The vitamin D level was higher in the metformin-vitamin D stoss treated group than metformin-vitamin D drops. There was a positive correlation between vitamin D and SHBG in the metformin group (r =0.65, p<0.01). A significant correlation was observed between triglyceride and insulin in both groups given vitamin D, and there was a decrease in these two values (p<0.05). There was a positive correlation between total testosterone and Alanine transaminase (ALT) in the MsD group (p<0.05). Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between SHBG and HDL-cholesterol in three groups. There was a significant correlation between androgen and lipid parameters in the 8-week metformin and vitamin D treated groups. Long-term studies using high-dose vitamin D are needed to support our results

Editorial: Emerging Roles of TRP Channels in Brain Pathology

The mammalian transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channel superfamily comprises six subfamilies, TRPC (canonical), TRPV (vanilloid), TRPM (melastatin), TRPA (ankyrin), TRPP (polycystin), and TRPML (mucolipin) (Ramsey et al., 2006; Venkatachalam and Montell, 2007). TRP channels are tetrameric and each subunit contains intracellular N- and C-termini and six membrane-spanning segments, with the fifth and sixth segments and the re-entrant loop between them forming the ion-conducting pore (Cao, 2020). They function as non-selective cation channels, with prominent Ca2+ permeability for most of them, and are activated by diverse physical, chemical and biological stimuli. Their Ca2+ permeability, poly-modal activation and wide expression place these channels in a vital position mediating Ca2+ signalling in a range of physiological processes. Not surprisingly, accumulating evidence supports an important role for the TRP channels in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases (Nilius et al., 2007). Many TRP channels are expressed in the brain. This Research Topic, including 14 review and original research articles, offers critical and new insights into the role of TRP channels, particularly the Ca2+-permeable ones, in multiple brain pathologies

Kuru ve Sulu Koşullarda Farklı Bitki Sıklıklarının Bazı Nohut Cicer arietinum L. Çeşitlerinde Verim ve Verim Öğelerine Etkileri

Van ekolojik koşullarında 2003-2004 yıllarında Er-99 ve Aziziye-94 nohut çeşitlerinin kullanıldığı çalışmada, sulama çiçeklenme ve bakla dolumu ve dört farklı bitki sıklığı 30, 45, 60 ve 75 tohum/m2 uygulanmıştır. Denemeler Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi deneme tarlalarında bölünen bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada: bitki boyu, ilk bakla yüksekliği, ana dal sayısı, bitkide bakla sayısı ve tane sayısı, baklada tane sayısı, bin tane ağırlığı, birim alan tane verimi ve hasat indeksi gibi özellikler incelenmiştir. İki yıllık sonuçlara göre; baklada tane sayısı dışında çeşitlerin, sulamanın ve bitki sıklığının nohutta verim ve verim öğelerine etkisi önemli bulunmuştur. En yüksek birim alan tane verimi 2003 ve 2004 yıllarında sırasıyla 95.4 kg/da ve 92.5 kg/da ile sulama yapılan parsellerden alınırken, en düşük birim alan tane verimi 58.7 kg/da ve 52.6 kg/da ile sulama yapılmayan parsellerden alınmıştır. Van koşullarında en uygun bitki sıklığının Aziziye-94 çeşidinde m2’ ye 60 tohum olduğu belirlenmişti

Effect of planting and nutrient management on the growth, yield and protein content of aromatic fine rice

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from July to November 2015 to find out the effect of planting and nutrient management on the growth, yield and protein content of aromatic fine rice (cv. Binadhan-13). The experimental treatments comprised six planting arrangement viz. 25 cm × 20 cm, 25 cm × 15 cm, 25 cm × 10 cm, 20 cm × 20 cm, 20 cm × 15 cm, 20 cm × 10 cm and four nutrient management viz. recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer (RDF) N-P2O5-K2O-S-Zn at the rate of 75-42-75-17-2 kg ha-1 respectively; Cow dung @ 10 t ha-1, 25% less than RDF + Cow dung @ 5 t ha-1, 50% less than RDF + Cow dung @ 5 t ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Different crop characters, yield contributing characters, yield and grain quality were significantly influenced by planting arrangement and nutrient management. In the crop growth stage, the maximum number of tillers hill-1 (19.03) was recorded from the 25 cm × 15 cm spacing fertilized with 25% less than RDF + cow dung @ 5 t ha-1 and the highest total dry matter production (62.70), crop growth rate (19.37) and chlorophyll content (35.77) of leaf were recorded from the 20 cm × 15 cm spacing fertilized with 25% less than RDF + cow dung @ 5 t ha-1. At harvest, the highest grain yield (3.66 t ha-1) and protein content (9.63%) were recorded from the 20 cm × 15 cm spacing fertilized with 25% less than RDF + cow dung @ 5 t ha-1. So, transplantation at 20 cm × 15 cm spacing and fertilization with 25% less than the recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + cow dung @ 5 t ha-1 was found to be promising practice for the cultivation of aromatic fine rice (cv. Binadhan-13)

Albumin evokes Ca 2+ -induced cell oxidative stress and apoptosis through TRPM2 channel in renal collecting duct cells reduced by curcumin

In proteinuric nephropathies of chronic kidney disease, the epithelial cells of the nephron including the collecting duct are exposed to high concentrations of luminal albumin. Albumin is taken up from collecting duct cells by endocytosis causing excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and a proinflammatory response. Curcumin used in the traditional medicine possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. ROS and ADP-ribose (ADPR) activate the cation channel TRPM2. We hypothesize, that albumin-induced cell stress and proinflammatory response are mediated by Ca2+ and can be reduced by curcumin. The cortical collecting duct (CCD) cells mpkCCDc14 exhibit spontaneous and inducible Ca2+ oscillations, which can be blocked by pre-treatment with curcumin. Curcumin accumulates in plasma membrane and intracellular vesicles, where it interferes with TRPM2 and decreases the influx of Ca2+. Albumin reduces cell viability and increases apoptosis, NF-κB activation, and mitochondrial membrane depolarization via Ca2+-dependent signaling, which results in increased ROS production. Albumin-induced cell stress is diminished by the inhibition of TRPM2 after administration of curcumin and ADPR (PARP1) inhibitors. Curcumin did not reduce the Ca2+ elevation induced by thapsigargin in Ca2+-free medium, but it reduced the function of store-operated Ca2+ channels and ATP-evoked Ca2+ response. In conclusion, albumin-induced oxidative stress is mediated by Ca2+-dependent signaling via TRPM2 and leads to cell damage and a proinflammatory response, strengthening the role of CCD cells in the progression of chronic kidney disease

Menthol evokes Ca2+ signals and induces oxidative stress independently of the presence of TRPM8 (menthol) receptor in cancer cells

Menthol is a naturally occurring monoterpene alcohol possessing remarkable biological properties including antipruritic, analgesic, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory and cooling effects. Here, we examined the menthol-evoked Ca2+ signals in breast and prostate cancer cell lines. The effect of menthol (50–500µM) was predicted to be mediated by the transient receptor potential ion channel melastatin subtype 8 (TRPM8). However, the intensity of menthol-evoked Ca2+ signals did not correlate with the expression levels of TRPM8 in breast and prostate cancer cells indicating a TRPM8-independent signaling pathway. Menthol-evoked Ca2+ signals were analyzed in detail in Du 145 prostate cancer cells, as well as in CRISPR/Cas9 TRPM8-knockout Du 145 cells. Menthol (500µM) induced Ca2+ oscillations in both cell lines, thus independent of TRPM8, which were however dependent on the production of inositol trisphosphate. Results based on pharmacological tools point to an involvement of the purinergic pathway in menthol-evoked Ca2+ responses. Finally, menthol (50–500µM) decreased cell viability and induced oxidative stress independently of the presence of TRPM8 channels, despite that temperature-evoked TRPM8-mediated inward currents were significantly decreased in TRPM8-knockout Du 145 cells compared to wild type Du 145 cells

Maize Adaptability to Heat Stress under Changing Climate

The rapidly increasing human population is an alarming issue and would need more food production under changing climate. Abiotic stresses like heat stress and temperature fluctuation are becoming key issues to be addressed for boosting crop production. Maize growth and productivity are sensitive to temperature fluctuations. Grain yield losses in maize from heat stress are expected to increase owing to higher temperatures during the growing season. This situation demands the development of maize hybrids tolerant to heat and drought stresses without compromising grain yield under stress conditions. The chapter aimed to assess the updates on the influence of high-temperature stress (HTS) on the physio-biochemical processes in plants and to draw an association between yield components and heat stress on maize. Moreover, exogenous applications of protectants, antioxidants, and signaling molecules induce HTS tolerance in maize plants and could help the plants cope with HTS by scavenging reactive oxygen species, upregulation of antioxidant enzymes, and protection of cellular membranes by the accrual of compatible osmolytes. It is expected that a better thought of the physiological basis of HTS tolerance in maize plants will help to develop HTS maize cultivars. Developing HTS-tolerant maize varieties may ensure crops production sustainability along with promoting food and feed security under changing climate