Gastrointestinal evacuation time in european sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed diets containing mixture of vegetable oils at high temperature.

TEZ8677Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2012.Kaynakça (s. 43-56) var.ix, 57 s. : res. ; 29 cm.The rate of gastric emptying is positively related with the return of appetite and food consumption in fish. Gastric evacuation is affected by various factors, including water temperature and diet composition. Thus, we hypothesized that increasing levels of vegetable oil could have effect gastrointestinal evacuation time (GET) at high temperature. Triplicate groups of European sea bass (initial 39.7 g) were fed three diets in which the added lipid was...Sindirim kanalı boşaltım oranı, balığın tükettiği yem ve iştahın geri gelmesiyle yakından ilişkilidir. Yem kompozisyonu ve su sıcaklığı gibi bir çok faktör sindirim kanalı boşaltımı üzerinde etkilidir. Farklı oranlarda bitkisel kaynaklı yağ içeren yemlerin yüksek su sıcaklığında sindirim kanalı boşaltım süresi (GET) üzerinde önemli etkisi olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu tezde Avrupa deniz levreği bireyleri (başlangıç ağırlığı....Bu çalışma Ç.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından desteklenmiştir. Proje No: SÜF2010YL3

Comparative effects of Cu (60-80 nm) and CuO (40 nm) nanoparticles in Artemia salina: Accumulation, elimination and oxidative stress

In this study, nanotoxicity tests were made by exposure of Artemia salina to copper (Cu 60-80 nm) and copper oxide (CuO 40 nm) nanoparticles (NPs) at different concentrations (0.2, 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 mg/l) during some exposure duration. Characterization of Cu and CuO NPs were performed using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Zeta Potential, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transformation Infrared (FT-IR) analyzes. In organisms, the accumulation and elimination rates of NPs was determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis and the oxidative stress effects on A. salina were determined by Glutathione (GSH) and Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) analysis methods. Both NPs were found to differ in accumulation and elimination rates at each application time and in parallel with the increase in concentration. In each group, it was determined that ion release increased with application time. The results showed that the accumulation rates in Cu NPs had a tendency to increase at 48 h and to decrease at 72 h in concentrations of 0, 2 and 1 mg/l, respectively. And in the all other concentrations have been seen an increasing trend within the time. In the CuO NPs (40 nm), accumulation rates were a decrease trend at 48th hour and an increase trend at 72nd hour except 10 mg/l concentration. In the 10 mg/l group was an increase trend with the application period. Cu NP, TBARS value increased with increasing concentrations and the highest increase was observed at 24 h of 5 ppm group. The groups showed a tendency to increase-decrease-increase-decrease in TBARS levels in terms of elapsed time (24th, 48th, 72nd hour and elimination) (5 ppm and 10 ppm groups tended to decrease in TBARS level at 72nd hour). TBARS increased with increasing concentration ratios in CuO NPs (40 nm)

Effects of Zn and ZnO nanoparticles on artemia salina and daphnia magna Organisms: toxicity, accumulation and elimination

In the study, Zn in the size of 40–60 nm and 80–100 nm and ZnO in the size of 10–30 nm were applied to A. salina and D. magna individuals in 7 groups with 3 repetitions. Measurements were made at 24th, 48th and 72nd hours and elimination values were examined at +24 h. LC50 values of NPs were determined and chemical analysis (metal accumulation and elimination), ion quantities which were given to the environment and the survival rates of organisms were determined after the exposure. According to the results of phase contrast microscopy, it was found that both experimental organisms absorbed the NPs in the medium level. In the toxicity results of D. magna, it can be said that Zn NP (40–60 nm) has a highly toxic effect only at 50 ppm concentration for 48 h and lethal dose can be accepted as of 5 ppm at the end of 72 h. In A. salina individuals, it is clearly seen that there is an increase in mortality in organisms parallel to the dose increase. Although all NPs were applied to organisms in low doses corresponding to environmental values, it was observed that toxic effect was in parallel with the increase in time. It is clearly known that there is the inverse proportion between the size of NPs and the toxic effect. The smaller the size of NPs is, the higher the toxic effect becomes When the results of Zn accumulation and elimination of A. salina and D. magna individuals exposed to the Zn and ZnO NPs were examined; it was found that accumulation and elimination occurred in parallel with the increase in concentration at each application hour and elimination. Intensive and possible misuse of nanoscale materials is one of the biggest threats to the environment and all living things worldwide

Assessment of oxidative stress on artemia salina and daphnia magna after exposure to Zn and ZnO nanoparticles

In this study, the effect of zinc nanoparticles (Zn NPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on Artemia salina and Daphnia magna, the primary consumer organisms were investigated. In this sense, investigation of trophic transfer and ecological sustainability potentials among living things, such as fish and crustaceans that are at the top of the food chain were also aimed. Zn NPs in the size of 40-60 nm and 80-100 nm and ZnO NPs (10-30 nm) were administered to A. salina and D. manga (respectively in total 105000 and 14000 individuals) in seven groups (Control, 0.2, 1, 5, 10, 25 ve 50 ppm) with three repetitions for a period of 72 h. Intensive and possible misuse of nanoscale materials is one of the biggest threats to the environment and all living things worldwide. Therefore, the control mechanisms for the use of NPs need to be established