İş Hukukunda Analık ve Ebeveyn İzinleri

Kadınların iş hayatına katılımının artması ile birlikte, analık halinin korunması daha da önemli bir hale gelmiştir. Zira toplumun temelini oluşturan ailenin korunabilmesi ve bilhassa ana ve çocuk sağlığının korunması için kadın işçilerin çalışma şartları bakımından düzenlemeler yapılması anayasal bir zorunluluktur. Nitekim bu hususta, analık izinlerinden yararlanabilecek kişilerin kapsamına ve söz konusu izin sürelerinin kullanımına ilişkin olarak ilgili mevzuatta olumlu değişiklikler yapılmış ve ayrıca yarım çalışma izni getirilmiştir. Günümüz toplumunda hem anne hem de babanın çalıştığı aile yapısı ağırlık kazanmış olduğundan, aile yükümlülükleri bulunan işçiler bakımından da cinsiyet ayrımı gözetilmeksizin yeni düzenlemeler yapılması gereği ortaya çıkmış ve bu gereksinimi karşılamak amacı ile ebeveyn izni diğer bir deyişle kısmi süreli çalışmaya geçiş hakkı mevzuatımızdaki yerini almıştır. Bu çalışmada analık ve ebeveyn izinleri İş Hukuku kapsamında ele alınmıştı

Using numerical models and acoustic methods to predict reservoir sedimentation

This study draws on drainage basin hydrography, numerical modeling and geographic information system (GIS) techniques in concert with dual frequency echo sounder data to estimate sediment thickness when initial surveys are unavailable or inaccurate. Tahtali Reservoir (Turkey), which provides 40% of water supply to the city of Izmir, was selected as the study site. Deposition patterns within the whole lake were estimated with a 3-D hydrodynamic and sediment transport model applied to Tahtali Reservoir. The numerical model simulated lake response to wind forcing and inflows and/or outflows and was used to describe sediment deposition patterns resulting from the erosion of soils quantified by the implementation of Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) to the whole watershed. Surveying of the lake via dual frequency (28/200 kHz) echo sounder system revealed the current bathymetry, and sediment thickness was estimated from the difference of depths measured by the dual frequency sounder along surveyed transects. These results were compared to the modeled sedimentation thicknesses and to preliminary estimates of watershed sediment yield estimated by USLE. Results of this study can be used for further water quality studies and for long term management plans.TÜBİTAK project No: 104Y323 and European Commission project No: 28292 (RESTRAT

Can zirconia crowns be the first restorative choice after endodontic treatment of primary teeth?

Objective Early loss of primary teeth due to caries can cause temporary or permanent problems, such as occlusion disorders, aesthetic problems, nutritional problems, abnormal habits, and speech disorders. Although the development of restorative materials has led to significant improvements, failures are still frequent. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the success rates of zirconia crowns compared to other crowns for the restoration of endodontically treated teeth with excessive loss of material. Methods A total of 45 teeth of patients aged under 10 years, including primary molars and anterior teeth, requiring restoration after root canal treatment, were included in this randomized, non-blinded clinical study. Stainless steel (SSC), zirconia (ZC), and strip (SC) crowns were used and compared clinically and radiographically during a six-month follow-up period. Parents were asked to fill out a questionnaire at one week and six months to evaluate the parent and child satisfaction levels. The patients' pain and discomfort levels were assessed using a visual analogue scale. The Mann-Whitney U, Chi-Squared and Friedman and Cochran Q tests were used for statistical comparisons using IBM SPSS Statistics version 23 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). Results The six-month follow-up evaluations revealed no significant differences in clinical outcomes between the SSC, ZC, and SC groups. There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to parent and child satisfaction. Conclusion The clinical outcomes of ZCs were comparable to those of the other crowns. ZCs could be a choice for aesthetic purposes, with the disadvantage of a higher cost

Quantitative Detection of Late Blowing Agents C. tyrobutyricum, C. butyricum, and C. sporogenes in Traditional Turkish Cheese by Multiplex Real-Time PCR

Late blowing, a microbiological spoilage in hard and semi-hard cheese caused by Clostridium spores in raw milk, results in high economic losses for cheese producers. This study compared the sensitivity of the newly developed multiplex qPCR method which employing novel oligonucleotide primers and fluorescent TaqMan probes, and the culture-based most probable number (MPN) method in detecting the late blowing agent Clostridium species in traditional Turkish cheese. A total of 50 naturally contaminated cheese samples obtained from producers were analysed by both methods. Clostridium tyrobutyricum was the most common species occurring in 74% of the cheese samples, followed by C. butyricum and C. sporogenes occurring in 50% and 16% of the samples, respectively. The results of the two methods were consistent in 42 out of the 50 (84%) cheese samples. Our results indicate that the multiplex qPCR method is more sensitive than the MPN method. The multiplex qPCR method provided a favourable alternative to traditional cultural methods. This alternative molecular method has great potential in the laboratory and in the field for the rapid detection of late blowing of cheese samples.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [218Z113]This work was funded by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK; Project No. 218Z113)