O brincar de crianças com deficiência física: contribuição da terapia ocupacional

O estudo objetivou investigar as contribuições da Terapia Ocupacional para a promoção do brincar de crianças com deficiência física a partir da perspectiva dos pais. A pesquisa, de abordagem qualitativa, foi desenvolvida no período de outubro a novembro de 2014. As informações foram coletadas por meio de entrevista com o pai ou mãe de crianças com deficiência física. Por meio da análise de conteúdo observou-se que os pais passaram a valorizar o brincar no cotidiano das crianças após as orientações dos terapeutas ocupacionais, reconhecendo a sua importância para o desenvolvimento e evolução do tratamento da criança. Os pais perceberam que a Terapia Ocupacional criou possibilidades para o brincar da criança em casa e que isto contribuiu para uma maior interação familiar. Os resultados sugerem que mesmo quando os terapeutas orientam o brincar com objetivo de melhorar habilidades das crianças, eles contribuem para que esta ocupação faça parte do cotidiano familiar, possibilitando uma maior interação entre os entes.The study aimed to investigate the contributions of occupational therapy to promote the play of children with physical disabilities from the parents’ perspective. The research, qualitative approach was conducted in the period October-November 2014. Date were collected through an interview with the parent of children with physical disabilities. Through content analysis it was observed that parents began to enhance the play in the children’s daily life after the guidelines Occupational Therapists, recognizing its importance to child development and the evolution of the child’s treatment. Parents realized that the Occupational Therapy has created possibilities for the play of the child at home and that this has contributed to greater family interaction. The results suggest that even when therapists direct the play in order to improve children’s abilities, they contribute to ensure that teaching is part of the daily family life, enabling greater interaction between the entities

Associated factors with motor development of preschoolers of a public school in João Pessoa, Paraíba

O estudo objetivou investigar a prevalência de alteração no desenvolvimento motor de pré-escolares, e identificar fatores biopsicossociais associados a alteração no desenvolvimento motor fino e grosso. Trata-se de um estudo seccional, exploratório e descritivo, realizado em uma escola pública de João Pessoa/PB com pré-escolares de 2 a 6 anos de idade e suas mães. O desenvolvimento motor foi avaliado pelo Teste de Triagem do Desenvolvimento de Denver II, e as variáveis biopsicossociais foram investigadas através de questionários aplicados as mães. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e analítica. Foram estudadas 60 crianças, e os resultados revelaram que a prevalência de alteração no desenvolvimento motor fino foi 31,7%, e no motor grosso foi 15%. A regressão logística mostrou que os meninos tiveram 9,7 vezes mais chances de ter alteração no desenvolvimento motor grosso (p=0,17), e que não houve associação entre o desenvolvimento motor fino e as variáveis estudadas. A associação do sexo masculino com a alteração no desenvolvimento motor grosso, supõe que aspectos culturais têm levado os meninos a dedicar o tempo em atividades que não exploram o repertório motor global. Os achados apontam a necessidade de estimular as habilidades motoras de crianças no contexto da pré-escola e da família.Our aim were investigate the motor development prevalence changes in preschool children identifying biopsychosocial factors associated with changes in fine and gross motor development. This exploratory and descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in a public school in João Pessoa-PB with preschoolers from 2 to 6 years old taking children’s mothers as their bias.. Motor development was assessed by the Denver Development Screening Test II, and biopsychosocial variables were investigated through questionnaires applied to the mothers. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. With our sample consisting of sixteen children, the results showed that the prevalence of alterations in fine motor development was 31.7%, and in the gross motor it was 15%. Simple (?) Logistic Regression showed that boys were 9.7 times more likely to have a change in gross motor development (p = 0.17), and that there was no association between fine motor development and the variables studied. The male association with the change in gross motor development assumes that cultural aspects have led boys to spent time to activities that do not exploit the global motor repertoire. Therefore, our outcomes point out to the need to stimulate the motor children skills in the preschool and family context

Factors associated with neurodevelopment in children 6-18 months of life in public kindergartens entered the city of João Pessoa, PB

Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-19T13:09:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 442.pdf: 2388082 bytes, checksum: e9a5f523e4e73ef2425d79e68df5b140 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Introdução: No Brasil, desde a constituição de 1988, a creche passou a ser um direito da criança, um dever do Estado e uma opção da família. Considerando que o desenvolvimento infantil é um processo complexo resultante da interação do potencial biológico com o ambiente social e cultural no qual a criança está inserida, as creches se constituem como fator ambiental que influencia o desenvolvimento das habilidades cognitivas, motoras e sociais das crianças. Assim, conhecer situações que possam comprometer o desenvolvimento de crianças inseridas em creches é fundamental para a elaboração de políticas e estratégias que contribuam para melhorar a qualidade dos serviços ofertados por estas instituições. Objetivo: verificar a prevalência de atraso no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor em lactentes inseridos em creches públicas na cidade de João Pessoa/PB e analisar fatores associados ao desenvolvimento infantil. Metodologia: de março a junho de 2012 realizou-se um estudo seccional nas turmas de berçários dos Centros de Referência em Educação Infantil (CREI) da Rede Municipal de Ensino da Cidade de João Pessoa/PB com a população de crianças na faixa etária entre 6 e 18 meses, e suas respectivas mães (biológicas ou substitutas). O desfecho estudado foi o desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor avaliado pelo Teste de Triagem do Desenvolvimento de Denver II. Variáveis explicativas de natureza biológica, materna, social e demográfica foram investigadas a partir de questionário aplicado a mãe/responsável, da avaliação da caderneta de saúde da criança e por um formulário sobre a creche por meio da observação do ambiente físico e pela entrevista com gestores. As variáveis foram analisadas através das frequências absolutas e relativas e da média e desvio padrão. Para analisar as associações, o desenvolvimento foi categorizado como alterado ou normal. Para essas categorias, foi realizada análise de regressão logística, com estimativa da razão de chance (RC) bruta e ajustada e intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95 por cento. (...) Conclusão: a prevalência de crianças com desenvolvimento alterado foi bastante elevada. Os resultados corroboram a ideia de que o desenvolvimento infantil é o reflexo das condições sociais e econômicas das famílias, bem como da assistência recebida pelos serviços de educação e saúde. As políticas públicas devem se voltar para ações que promovam o desenvolvimento infantil pleno para garantir a construção de uma sociedade mais justa e igualitária.Introduction: In Brazil, since the Federal Constitution of 1988, child day care centers have become a child's right, a duty of the state and a family option. Considering that child development is a complex process resulting from the interaction of the biological potential with the social and cultural environment in which the child is inserted, daycare centers are constituted as environmental factor that influences the development of cognitive, motor and social abilities in children. knowing situations that may compromise the neurodevelopment of children placed in day cares is fundamental to the development of policies and strategies that improve the quality of services offered by these institutions. Objective: To determine the prevalence of developmental delay in infants placed in public day care centers in the city of João Pessoa/PB and to analyze factors associated with child development. Method: A cross-sectional study was handled from March to June of the year 2012 in groups of nurseries of Reference Centers for Early Childhood Education (CREI) of the Municipal Education of João Pessoa/PB, with the population of children aged 6 and 18 months and their mothers (biological or substitute). The outcome studied was neurodevelopment assessed by the Denver Developmental Screening Test II. Biological, maternal, social and demographic explanatory variables were investigated through a questionnaire applied to mother/caregiver, the assessment of the child's health booklet and a form applied through the observation of the physical environment of the day care center and an interview with managers. The variables were analyzed using absolute and relative frequencies, averages and standard deviations. To analyze the associations, the neurodevelopment was categorized as normal or altered. For these categories, logistic regression analysis was performed, estimate odds ratio (OR) and the adjusted confidence interval (CI) of 95%. Analyses were performed in SPSS version 20.0. Results: We studied 112 children and their mothers and 10 CREI. The prevalence of child altered neurodevelopment was 52.7%. The average age was 14.4 months (± 3.0 SD), birth weight was 3235.32 g (SD ± 578.929). The average maternal age was 28.4 years (± 7.2 SD). Maternal education was an average of 8.3 years of education (± 3.4 SD) and paternal education was an average of 7.6 years (± 3.9 SD). Most families (75.9%) had per capita income between 0 and 0.5 minimum wages. Regarding CREI, only 20% had a number of suitable childcare assistants, 30% had adequate securities for food and 40% received systematic visits of the Family Health Strategy (FHS). The variables associated with change in child's development were age greater than 12 months (OR = 4.6), vaginal delivery (OR = 4.9), phototherapy (OR = 5.3) and not having FHS daycare monitoring (OR = 3.0). Maternal age ≤ 26 years was formed in a protective factor for child neurodevelopment. Despite this study has been carried out with the census of the population of infants included in CREI, the results may have been limited by the number of cases studied. Conclusion: the prevalence of children with abnormal development was quite high. The results support the idea that child development is a reflection of the social and economic conditions of families, as well as the care received from services of education and health. Public policies must turn to actions that promote child development to sure full building a more just and egalitarian society

Functional performance of children with chronic malnutrition aged 1 to 3 years old

Child malnutrition is a major public health problem, especially in northeastern Brazil, because it can compromise the growth and development of children irreversibly. The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional development of children with moderate or severe malnutrition aged 1 to 3 years old. To this end, we conducted a descriptive study with cross-sectional design with children diagnosed with moderate or severe chronic malnutrition who were being assisted at a center for nutrition recovery and education in Joao Pessoa, Alagoas state, Brazil. The scales for self-care, mobility, and social function of the Brazilian version of the Inventory of Pediatric Evaluation of Disability (PEDI) were used to measure the functional performance of children. The sociodemographic conditions were investigated by a questionnaire previously developed for the study. The results showed that 3 of the 11 children evaluated presented functional performance lower than that expected for their age. Of these 3 children, one presented delay in the three areas assessed, one showed delay in the areas of mobility and self-care, and one only in the area of self-care. Self-care was the most affected area, suggesting that the unfavorable socioeconomic context of families affects the engagement of children in this area of occupation. We conclude that malnutrition can compromise performance in daily activities, and that intervention programs to malnourished children should include the stimulation of the development of activities of daily living together with nutritional rehabilitation

Conceptions and use of play in occupational therapists clinical practice

Occupational therapy aims to study the engagement of individuals in different areas of occupation and in this sense “playing” is configured as a relevant area for the pediatric population. We examined how occupational therapists working in the city of João Pessoa/PB perceive and use “playing” in the clinical practice. The participants took part in an exploratory study of quantitative and qualitative approach, with all occupational therapists who had experience in serving children and who were working in the city of João Pessoa / PB from June to July 2014. The data was collected through a questionnaire prepared based on Ferland and Blanche conceptions on “playing”, and included questions about the participants profile and their perceptions on the topic. The group of participants consisted of 23 occupational therapists, among which 69.6% graduated in the Northeast, 43.5% were specialists and 39.1% had between 6 and 10 years of training. The main “playing” learning locus was graduation (91.3%). “Playing” for skills training is used by 86.9% and as an end in itself for 52.2% of respondents. The theoretical psychologists compose the most supportive group towards the clinical practice of those surveyed. The results point to the need for further discussions on “playing” in undergraduate courses in Occupational Therapy, valuing the conceptions and characteristic intervention models commonly adopted in the profession

The play of children with disabilities from the perspective of parents

Introduction: Through play, children develop, and cultivate skills, abilities, interests and habits used in everyday life. When the child has a disability this function of play can be compromised, affecting the experience of discovery, control, creativity and self-expression. Objective: To investigate the perception of parents of play in the daily lives of children with disabilities. Method: For both the father and mother of a child with a physical disability assisted at the Clinical Occupational Therapy School of the Federal University of Paraiba, qualitative research was conducted, from October to November 2014. They were asked about the daily lives of their children in terms of play. A semi-structured interview guide was specifically developed for this study. Eight parents participated in the study. Through content analysis it was found that parents recognize that play contributes to the learning and social interaction of their child; that children with disabilities have restricted activity during play, only sharing jokes with family members, and using materials that do not always favor sensory development. Results: According to parents, the difficulties during play are caused by movement problems and parents often “lend” their bodies to enable the play of the child. Conclusion: The study points to the need for professionals who accompany children with physical disabilities, collaborating with parents to facilitate and expand the play repertoire of their children, which contributes to social participation and child autonomy

The play of children with disabilities: occupational therapy contribution

The study aimed to investigate the contributions of occupational therapy to promote the play of children with physical disabilities from the parents’ perspective. The research, qualitative approach was conducted in the period October-November 2014. Date were collected through an interview with the parent of children with physical disabilities. Through content analysis it was observed that parents began to enhance the play in the children’s daily life after the guidelines Occupational Therapists, recognizing its importance to child development and the evolution of the child’s treatment. Parents realized that the Occupational Therapy has created possibilities for the play of the child at home and that this has contributed to greater family interaction. The results suggest that even when therapists direct the play in order to improve children’s abilities, they contribute to ensure that teaching is part of the daily family life, enabling greater interaction between the entities.O estudo objetivou investigar as contribuições da Terapia Ocupacional para a promoção do brincar de crianças com deficiência física a partir da perspectiva dos pais. A pesquisa, de abordagem qualitativa, foi desenvolvida no período de outubro a novembro de 2014. As informações foram coletadas por meio de entrevista com o pai ou mãe de crianças com deficiência física. Por meio da análise de conteúdo observou-se que os pais passaram a valorizar o brincar no cotidiano das crianças após as orientações dos terapeutas ocupacionais, reconhecendo a sua importância para o desenvolvimento e evolução do tratamento da criança. Os pais perceberam que a Terapia Ocupacional criou possibilidades para o brincar da criança em casa e que isto contribuiu para uma maior interação familiar. Os resultados sugerem que mesmo quando os terapeutas orientam o brincar com objetivo de melhorar habilidades das crianças, eles contribuem para que esta ocupação faça parte do cotidiano familiar, possibilitando uma maior interação entre os entes

Los factores asociados con el desarrollo neurológico en los niños de 6-18 meses presentes en guarderías públicas de la ciudad de João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil

Submitted by Regiane Silva ([email protected]) on 2018-08-27T18:52:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Fatores associados ao desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor em crianças de 6-18.pdf: 202007 bytes, checksum: 58e36dc8f47ba01ff697539224af2c30 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Regiane Silva ([email protected]) on 2018-08-29T14:58:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Fatores associados ao desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor em crianças de 6-18.pdf: 202007 bytes, checksum: 58e36dc8f47ba01ff697539224af2c30 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-29T14:58:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fatores associados ao desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor em crianças de 6-18.pdf: 202007 bytes, checksum: 58e36dc8f47ba01ff697539224af2c30 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brasil.O estudo objetivou verificar a prevalência de alteração no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor em lactentes inseridos nas creches públicas de João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil, e analisar fatores associados ao desenvolvimento infantil. Realizou- se um estudo seccional com o censo de crianças entre 6 e 18 meses de vida inseridas nas creches. O desenvolvimento infantil foi avaliado pelo Teste de Triagem de Denver II. Variáveis de natureza biológica, materna, social, demográfica e relativas à creche foram investigadas através de questionário e formulário. As associações foram ajustadas por regressão logística. A prevalência de alteração no desenvolvimento foi 52,7%. Associou-se à alteração no desenvolvimento a criança ter mais que 12 meses de idade (RC = 4,3), o parto vaginal (RC = 4,4), a fototerapia (RC = 7,9) e a creche não ter apoio da Estratégia Saúde da Família (RC = 2,9). Os achados sugerem que o desenvolvimento infantil é o reflexo das condições familiares, bem como da assistência recebida pelos serviços de educação e saúde.This study aimed to determine the prevalence of altered neurodevelopment in children in public daycare centers in João Pessoa, Paraíba State, Brazil, and to analyze factors associated with child development. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of children 6 to 18 months of age enrolled in daycare. Child development was assessed by the Denver II Screening Test. Biological, riables were studied with a questionnaire and form. Associations were adjusted using logistic regression. Altered development was present in 52.7% of the children and was associated with age > 12 months (OR = 4.3), vaginal delivery (OR = 4.4), neonatal phototherapy (OR = 7.9), and daycare centers not supported by the Family Health Strategy (OR = 2.9). The findings suggest that child development reflects the family’s conditions and the care received from educational and healthcare services.El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de desarrollo neurológico alterado en los bebés presentes en guarderías públicas en João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil, y analizar los factores asociados con el desarrollo del niño. Se realizó un estudio transversal con el censo de los niños entre 6 y 18 meses de vida que se encontraban siendo cuidados en guarderías. El desarrollo se evaluó mediante la Prueba de Detección de Denver II. Variables biológicas, maternas, sociales, demográficos y relacionadas con el cuidado de niños se investigaron mediante un cuestionario. Las asociaciones se ajustaron mediante regresión logística. La prevalencia de un desarrollo anormal fue de un 52,7%. Asociado a un cambio en el desarrollo de los niños que tienen más de 12 meses de edad (OR = 4,3), parto vaginal (OR = 4,4), fototerapia (OR = 7,9) y no contar con el apoyo de una guardería en el ámbito de estrategia de salud familiar (OR = 2,9). Los resultados sugieren que el desarrollo infantil es un reflejo de las condiciones de la familia y el cuidado que recibe servicios de educación y salud

Characteristics of the emissive prosody of children with autism spectrum disorder

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the prosodic aspects of speech in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Methods: 21 children aged 3 to 6 years participated and were divided into three groups: Group 1 - children with Autism Spectrum Disorder; Group 2 - children with language delay; Group 3 - children with typical language development. Three judges performed a subjective evaluation of the emissive prosody (characterization of pitch, loudness, sentence stress, stressed syllable and others) of the children during interaction time (video recording and use of specific protocols). The equality of proportions test was applied for group comparison (α=0.01). Results: the prevalence of a history of delay for speaking the first words was high in Groups 1 and 2. Regarding the prosodic characteristics, all Group 1 children had difficulties in the use of the stressed syllable, and some in the accentuation of the sentence. On the other hand, no Group 3 children showed these changes and few Group 2 children presented excessively stressed syllable. Conclusion: inappropriate stressing of words seems to be one of the features in the differential diagnosis of verbal children with Autism Spectrum Disorder