Noncollinear exchange interaction in transition metal dichalcogenide edges

We study the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida effective exchange interaction between magnetic impurities embedded on the edges of transition-metal dichalcogenide flakes, using a three-orbital tight-binding model. Electronic states lying midgap of the bulk structure have strong one-dimensional (1D) character, localized on the edges of the crystallite. This results in exchange interactions with $1/r$ (or slower) decay with distance $r$, similar to other 1D systems. Most interestingly, however, the strong spin-orbit interaction in these materials results in sizable non-collinear Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions between impurities, comparable in size to the usual Ising and in-plane components. Varying the relevant Fermi energy by doping or gating may allow one to modulate the effective interactions, controlling the possible helical ground state configurations of multiple impurities.Comment: 5 pages and 4 figure

A time-domain fourth-order-convergent numerical algorithm to integrate black hole perturbations in the extreme-mass-ratio limit

We obtain a fourth order accurate numerical algorithm to integrate the Zerilli and Regge-Wheeler wave equations, describing perturbations of nonrotating black holes, with source terms due to an orbiting particle. Those source terms contain the Dirac's delta and its first derivative. We also re-derive the source of the Zerilli and Regge-Wheeler equations for more convenient definitions of the waveforms, that allow direct metric reconstruction (in the Regge-Wheeler gauge).Comment: 30 pages, 12 figure

Lateral Interfaces of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides: A Stable Tunable One-Dimensional Physics Platform

We study in-plane lateral heterostructures of commensurate transition-metal dichalcogenides, such as MoS$_{2}$-WS$_{2}$ and MoSe$_{2}$-WSe$_{2}$, and find interfacial and edge states that are highly localized to these regions of the heterostructure. These are one-dimensional (1D) in nature, lying within the bandgap of the bulk structure and exhibiting complex orbital and spin structure. We describe such heteroribbons with a three-orbital tight-binding model that uses first principles and experimental parameters as input, allowing us to model realistic systems. Analytical modeling for the 1D interfacial bands results in long-range hoppings due to the hybridization along the interface, with strong spin-orbit couplings. We further explore the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida indirect interaction between magnetic impurities located at the interface. The unusual features of the interface states result in effective long-range exchange non-collinear interactions between impurities. These results suggest that transition-metal dichalcogenide interfaces could serve as stable, tunable 1D platform with unique properties for possible use in exploring Majorana fermions, plasma excitations and spintronics applications.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figure

Effect of Greenhouse Film Cover on the Development of Fungal Diseases on Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in a Mediterranean Protected Crop

Greenhouses on the Mediterranean coast mainly use plastic materials as their cover. The influence of light exerted by these materials directly affects the crops by modifying the environment in which they develop. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of the use of two plastic films in an experimental greenhouse on the development of fungal diseases in two spring–summer crop cycles: tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) from february to July 2021 and pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) from February to July 2022. The study was carried out in Almeria (Spain) in a multispan greenhouse divided transversely into two sectors by a polyethylene sheet. A commercial film was installed in the east sector (90% of transmissivity and 55% diffusivity) and an experimental film was installed in the west sector (85% of transmissivity and 60% diffusivity). In addition, the effect of the yield and quality of the harvested fruit was determined. In this study, two diseases were established naturally on the crop: (i) powdery mildew (Leveillula taurica) in both the tomato and the pepper crop cycles and (ii) early blight (Alternaria solani) in the tomato. The analyses of both diseases showed that the areas of the greenhouse that used the plastic cover, which presented a lower sunlight transmissivity, showed higher levels of disease than the areas that used the plastic cover that allowed greater transmissivity of light within the greenhouse, differing statistically in some phases of the crop. The marketable yield was 4.2% (for tomato) and 3.1% (for pepper) higher in the sector with the experimental film with high transmissivity. For both crops, the quality of the fruits did not show statistically significant difference

Finger Temperature: A Psychophysiological Assessment of the Attentional State

Attention is a key cognitive phenomenon that is studied to understand cognitive disorders or even to estimate workloads to prevent accidents. Usually, it is studied using brain activity, even though it has many psychophysiological correlates. In the present study, we aim to evaluate if finger temperature, as a surrogate of peripheral vasoconstriction, can be used to obtain similar and complementary information to electroencephalography (EEG) brain activity measurements. To conduct this, 34 participants were recruited and submitted to performing four tasks—one as a baseline, and three attentional tasks. These three attentional tasks measured sustained attention, resilience to distractors, and attentional resources. During the tasks, the room, forehead, tympanic, and finger temperatures were measured. Furthermore, we included a 32-channel EEG recording. Our results showed a strong monotonic association between the finger temperature and the Alpha and Beta EEG spectral bands. When predicting attentional performance, the finger temperature was complementary to the EEG spectral measurements, through the prediction of aspects of attentional performance that had not been assessed by spectral EEG activity, or through the improvement of the model’s fit. We also found that during the baseline task (non-goal-oriented task), the spectral EEG activity has an inverted correlation, as compared to a goal-oriented task. Our current results suggest that the psychophysiological assessment of attention is complementary to classic EEG approach, while also having the advantage of easy implementation of analysis tools in environments of reducing control (workplaces, student classrooms)

Removal Of Reactive Black 5 From Textile Wastewater By Ozone And Photo-Fenton: Influence Of Indusrial Matrix Effects

Textile waste water containing dyes, surfactants, salts and other contaminants represent a challenge for the selection and design of treatment processes due to the stability of some of its compo-nents. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are at-tractive alternatives to partially or totally degrade dyes and other persistent pollutants using relatively compact devices to perform water treatment. To test the efficiency of these technologies it is necessary to count with laboratory made solutions that can match the characteristics of a typical textile waste waters ef-fluent. In this work the application of two AOP, ozo-nation and photo-Fenton, to the treatment of textile effluents are compared, using a specially design model solution. The effect of typical textile wastewater com-position on the treatment efficiency is discussed. Higher decoloration efficiencies were obtained with both AOPs tested in this work, being slightly higher with ozonation. TOC was only partially removed, be-ing more efficient photo-Fenton than ozonation.Fil: Hanela, Sergio Daniel. Instituto Nacional del Agua. Gerencia de Programas y Proyectos. Centro de Tecnologia del Uso del Agua.; ArgentinaFil: Fantoni, Sofía. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental; ArgentinaFil: Cainzos, Verónica Jorgelina. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental; ArgentinaFil: Ávalos, J.I.. Instituto Nacional del Agua. Gerencia de Programas y Proyectos. Centro de Tecnologia del Uso del Agua.; ArgentinaFil: Diaz, S.N.. Instituto Nacional del Agua. Gerencia de Programas y Proyectos. Centro de Tecnologia del Uso del Agua.; ArgentinaFil: Romero, E.. Instituto Nacional del Agua. Gerencia de Programas y Proyectos. Centro de Tecnologia del Uso del Agua.; ArgentinaFil: Vezzoni, A.I.. Instituto Nacional del Agua. Gerencia de Programas y Proyectos. Centro de Tecnologia del Uso del Agua.; ArgentinaFil: Candal, Roberto Jorge. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental; ArgentinaFil: Miro, Eduardo Ernesto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica "Ing. José Miguel Parera". Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica "Ing. José Miguel Parera"; Argentin

Rendimiento forrajero, grano y calidad del garbanzo (Cicer arietinum L.) tipo Desi

Due to the importance of the Desi type chickpea in certain areas of Mexico, as food for cattle, the research was carried out with the objective of evaluate and identify outstanding genotypes to produce forage, grain and nutritional quality, from five chickpea genotypes, four from INIFAP and one from ICRISAT. Field trials were established during the 2018 – 2019 and 2019 – 2020 fall-winter agricultural cycles according to a fully randomized block design. The five genotypes showed similar grain yield (3.48 – 3.87 t ha-1); the variety El Patron presented the highest biological yield (14.21 t ha-1), waste yield (10.73 t ha-1) and the highest capacity of animal units to feed. The grain of the San Antonio 05 variety presented the highest protein content (24.04 %) and the experimental line ICC-1273, the lowest (21.55 %). The preference analysis showed that the ICC-1273 genotype was the one with the highest nutritional quality. All genotypes showed an important content of minerals, being K+ (1.35 to 1.44 %) the one with the highest concentration.Debido a la importancia que tiene el garbanzo tipo Desi, en ciertas zonas de México, como alimento para el ganado, la investigación se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar e identificar genotipos sobresalientes en la producción de forraje, grano y calidad nutrimental. Para ello, se utilizaron cinco genotipos de garbanzo; cuatro del INIFAP y uno del ICRISAT. Los ensayos de campo se establecieron durante los ciclos agrícolas de otoño-invierno del 2018 - 2019 y 2019 - 2020 de acuerdo con un diseño de bloques completos al azar. Los cinco genotipos mostraron similar rendimiento de grano (3.48 – 3.87 t ha-1); la variedad El Patrón presentó el mayor rendimiento biológico (14.21 t ha-1), de esquilmos (10.73 t ha-1) y mayor capacidad de unidades animal por alimentar. El grano de la variedad San Antonio 05 presentó el más alto contenido de proteína (24.04 %) y la línea experimental ICC-1273, el más bajo (21.55 %). El análisis de preferencia mostró que el genotipo ICC-1273 fue el de mayor calidad nutrimental. Todos los genotipos mostraron un contenido importante de minerales, siendo el K+ (1.35 a 1.44 %) el de mayor concentración