8 research outputs found
Prolactina y carcinoma de mama humano : estudio de la concentración basal y ritmo nictameral y relaciones con los niveles circulantes de antígeno carcino-embrionario
Tesis Univ. Complutense.Fac. de MedicinaTRUEProQuestpu
Prolactina y carcinoma de mama humano : estudio de la concentración basal y ritmo nictameral y relaciones con los niveles circulantes de antígeno carcino-embrionario
Tesis Univ. Complutense.Fac. de MedicinaTRUEProQuestpu
Chapter 9 - Physiology and Diseases of the Adrenal Glands in the Elderly
Age-related increases in ACTH and cortisol secretion, and decreases in DHEA/DHEAS, are unlikely to contribute significantly to the aging phenotype. In comparison, decreased renin secretion with age results in a 50% reduction in plasma aldosterone by age 70, and may explain the tendency for increased natriuresis, hyponatremia, and hyperkalemia in the elderly.
Autoimmune adrenalitis is a relatively uncommon cause of adrenal insufficiency (AI) after age 60. The presentation of AI in older individuals is insidious and is associated with decreased functional capacity, increased risks for cardiovascular and infectious diseases, and more frequent adrenal crises. There are no specific age-related recommendations for diagnosis and replacement therapy with mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids (GCs), although comorbidities, polypharmacy, and cognitive status should be assessed.
Cushing’s syndrome in the elderly is most often due to excess GC treatment and, when sustained, can exert deleterious consequences on mood/affect, cognition, bone, muscle, visceral, fat, cardiometabolic function, and cutaneous fragility. Ectopic ACTH secretion is the commonest cause of endogenous hypercortisolemia in old age.
There is insufficient information related to primary hyperaldosteronism and aging, both in regard to specific criteria for diagnostic screening and confirmation, and to clinical and treatment guidelines.
Pheochromocytoma diagnosis in older adults is uncommon, although a quarter of all tumors are detected in patients over 60years of age, possibly due to blunted adrenergic manifestations in the elderly.
Adrenal incidentaloma found are detected by imaging in up to 10% of older adults. Most are benign, nonfunctioning, adrenocortical, tumors. Endocrine function and malignancy potential should be evaluated as in younger adults.
Adrenocortical cancer is a rare, aggressive disease, usually diagnosed between the 5th and 7th decades of life. Radical resection by open adrenalectomy is the only potential curative treatment.
Minimally invasive, laparoscopic surgical techniques have greatly improved the safety of adrenal gland surgery, particularly in elderly patients
Larrad biliopancreatic diversion in Sprague-Dawley rats. Analysis of weight loss related to food intake
Se exponen los resultados obtenidos con la técnica de derivación biliopancreática de Larrad.Background Existing medical therapeutic strategies to
achieve and maintain clinically significant weight loss in
morbid obesity remain limited and the biliopancreatic
diversion (BPD) is still the most effective among the bariatric
surgical procedures. Our objective was to evaluate the
weight and food intake after this procedure in a rat model.
Methods Rats randomly underwent one of the following
protocols (1) BPD (n=12) versus sham (n=12) with a
follow-up period of 30 days and (2) BPD (n=4) versus pairfed
(PF; n=4) with a follow-up period of 50 days. Under
intraperitoneal anesthesia with ketamine–xilacine, a subcardinal
corpo-antral gastrectomy was made, preserving the
gastric fundus that was anastomosed to a jejunal limb after
dissecting the proximal jejunum 5 cm below the ligament
of Treitz to form the alimentary limb. The biliopancreatic
limb was terminolaterally anastomosed to the distal ileum
5 cm above the ileocecal valve to form the common limb.
Sham animals underwent only abdominal incision. Weight
and food intake were measured every day.
Results In protocol 1, after postoperative day 30, BPD rats
exhibited a mean weight reduction of 17.9% while shams
increased 12.4%. There was no difference in food intake
adjusted per 100 g of body weight. In protocol 2, after
postoperative day 50, BPD rats had a mean weight
reduction of 22.6% and, despite increasing their caloric
intake from a mean of 42.6 after 6 days to 65.8 kcal/day
after 50 days, they kept a similar mean weight of 344.0 and340.2 g, respectively; on the contrary, PF rats exhibited a
30.8% body weight gain.
Conclusions After the BPD, body weight is maintained
independently of changes in food and energy intake.This work was supported by grants from
the Spanish Ministry of Education, Xunta de Galicia, PGIDIT
(02PXIB 2080 1PR) and the European Union (LSHM-CT-2003-
503041)