EL TURISMO EDUCATIVO: UN FOCO DE APRENDIZAJE PARA ALUMNOS Y MAESTROS Y EN BENEFICIO DE LA ATENCIÓN A LA DIVERSIDAD EN LA ESCUELA

Historically, tourism has been related to recreation and sharing leisure moments with friends or family, however –to an increasing extent– ​​multiple types of tourism are distinguished, each with its own characteristics and objectives (cultural, gastronomic, religious or adventure, etc.). Particularly, this study reviewing the specialized literature presents a brief overview in which the relevance that tourism has for the development of teaching and learning processes is presented, and – specifically – with the fact that its implementation represents the improvement. so that all students can see their individual needs met, as well as (and as the core basis of this work) it benefits all children with low functional performance who are still in the classrooms without being able to fully participate in the proposed activities. In this way, it is concluded that educational tourism has not only grown in recent years, facilitating the work of teachers in the daily improvement of their practice towards attention to the functional diversity of the student, but also favors compliance with regulations. of an international nature such as the International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UN, 2006) and national education legislation.Históricamente, el turismo ha estado relacionado con el esparcimiento y en compartir momentos de ocio con amigos o familia, sin embargo –cada vez en mayor medida–, se distinguen múltiples tipos de turismo, cada uno de ellos con características y objetivos propios (cultural, gastronómico, religioso, de aventura, etc.). Particularmente, este estudio ha seguido una metodología de revisión de la literatura especializada presentando un breve recorrido en el que se expone la relevancia que tiene el turismo para el desarrollo de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje, y –específicamente– con el hecho de que su implementación supone la mejora para que todos los estudiantes puedan ver satisfechas sus necesidades individuales, así como también (y como base nuclear de este trabajo) beneficia a todos esos niños con bajo desempeño funcional que todavía se encuentran en las aulas sin poder participar plenamente de las actividades propuestas. De este modo, se concluye que el turismo educativo no sólo ha crecido en los últimos años facilitando la labor de los docentes en la mejora diaria de su práctica hacia la atención a la diversidad funcional del alumnado, sino que también favorece la observancia de la normativa de carácter internacional como es la Convención Internacional sobre los Derechos de las Personas en situación de Discapacidad (ONU, 2006) y la legislación nacional educativa

Carotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins in horse tissues: a comparison with cattle

Carotenoids are important for human health because of their provitamin A function among other biological actions. Their implication on consumer point of view of cattle products have been widely studied, but very little information is available for horse products. The aim of this study was to study the accumulation of carotenoids, retinoids and tocopherol by HPLC and HPLC- MS analysis in different horse tissues (plasma, milk, adipose tissue and liver) and compare it with that of cattle. Fat color was also studied. Four groups of animals were studied (15 animals within each group): lactating mares (709.82 ± 23.09 kg) and cows (576.93 ± 31.94 kg) reared outdoors; and foals (556.8 ± 25.9 kg, 14 months old) and calves (474.7 ± 36.2 kg, 14 months old) reared indoors. Both mares and foals were from the Hispano–Breton breed, whereas both cows and calves belonged to the commercial crossbred Limousine–Retinta. Differences in plasma and milk carotenoids (P 0.05). Both species showed different levels of accumulation of retinoids in the liver, with the foal having better accumulation (P < 0.01, P < 0.001). These results indicate that there are species-specific differences in the accumulation of carotenoids, retinol and tocopherol, but further studies are required to establish the mechanism of these difference

Los medios de comunicación como elemento clave de la intervención socioeducativa. Un estudio centrado en los MENAS

Este trabajo de investigación tiene como principal objetivo el estudio de la autoestima en los Menores Extranjeros No Acompañados (MENAS) y su relación con los comportamientos disruptivos. Está dirigido a profesionales sociales y educativos, con la intención de ampliar el conocimiento sobre este tema y mejorar la intervención y bienestar de los menores extranjeros. A lo largo de la investigación se analizará el uso de las siglas MENA en los titulares de la prensa española, a través de un análisis cualitativo de contenido. En él, se concluye que los medios de comunicación españoles poseen una cobertura variada sobre estos menores, aunque tienden a enfocarse en la delincuencia asociada a ellos. Suelen utilizar términos que sugieren a estos individuos como una amenaza o problema, lo que supone un impacto negativo en su autoestima. Es por ello que se destaca la importancia de la conciencia crítica hacia los medios de comunicación, así como la mejora de la autoestima en el desarrollo personal y la adaptación social, impactando positivamente en la reducción de las conductas disruptivas

Explainable artificial intelligence to predict and identify prostate cancer tissue by gene expression

This work was supported by the ERDF and the Ministry of Economy, Innovation and Science of the Regional Government of Andalusia (grant number P18-RT-2248)Background and Objective: Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent forms of cancer in men worldwide. Traditional screening strategies such as serum PSA levels, which are not necessarily cancer-specific, or digital rectal exams, which are often inconclusive, are still the screening methods used for the disease. Some studies have focused on identifying biomarkers of the disease but none have been reported for diagnosis in routine clinical practice and few studies have provided tools to assist the pathologist in the decision-making process when analyzing prostate tissue. Therefore, a classifier is proposed to predict the occurrence of PCa that provides physicians with accurate predictions and understandable explanations. Methods: A selection of 47 genes was made based on differential expression between PCa and normal tissue, GO gene ontology as well as the literature to be used as input predictors for different machine learning methods based on eXplainable Artificial Intelligence. These methods were trained using different class-balancing strategies to build accurate classifiers using gene expression data from 550 samples from ’The Cancer Genome Atlas’. Our model was validated in four external cohorts with different ancestries, totaling 463 samples. In addition, a set of SHapley Additive exPlanations was provided to help clinicians understand the underlying reasons for each decision. Results: An in-depth analysis showed that the Random Forest algorithm combined with majority class downsampling was the best performing approach with robust statistical significance. Our method achieved an average sensitivity and specificity of 0.90 and 0.8 with an AUC of 0.84 across all databases. The relevance of DLX1, MYL9 and FGFR genes for PCa screening was demonstrated in addition to the important role of novel genes such as CAV2 and MYLK. Conclusions: This model has shown good performance in 4 independent external cohorts of different ancestries and the explanations provided are consistent with each other and with the literature, opening a horizon for its application in clinical practice. In the near future, these genes, in combination with our model, could be applied to liquid biopsy to improve PCa screening.European Union (EU)Ministry of Econ-omy, Innovation and Science of the Regional Government of Andalusia P18-RT-224

The Development of Historical Competencies in Secondary Education: A Study Based on the Analysis of Sources in Spanish and Italian History Textbooks

©2021. This manuscript version is made available under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This document is the Published version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.20.4.8This work presents the results of research whose main objective was to analyze the sources present in Geography and History textbooks used in Spain and Italy in secondary education, as well as how they were designed for use by the teaching staff of this subject. This research wascarried out for the benefit of teachers and for the improvement of the teaching-learning process.The sample was configured on the basis of a rigorous analysis of textbooks belonging to relevantpublishers in Spain and Italy, whose selection was made using a quantitative and descriptive research method based on the interpretative paradigm, with the help of an SPSS statistical program. As for the main results obtained, the data indicatedthat the tasks requested from students (based on the use or analysis of sources) are of a low cognitive level, which makes it difficult to learn critical and reflective historical thinking. Finally, it wasconcluded that for students to strengthen the development and acquisition of criticalthinking,the use of textbooks must be integrated with other,more active resources and more participatory teaching strategies, putting both competency-based teaching and its assessment in quarantine

Secondary School Students’ Perception of the Acquisition of Social Science Skill

©2021. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This document is the Published version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Social Sciences. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci10040126The aim of this study is to find out the relevance of the competences worked on in the area of social science, specifically in the subjects of geography and history, through the perceptions of pupils in the 4th year of compulsory secondary education (ESO). In order to carry out the survey, a purposive sampling was carried out in which more than 1400 4th year ESO students (in Spain) participated. In addition, using a Likert-type scale of our own creation called Evaluation of the Perception of Social Science Competences (EPECOCISO) and following a design of quantitative methodology, an exploratory factor analysis was carried out with the analysis software SPSS through the descriptive process, which allowed us to select the three factors that make up the study. Subsequently, correlations were established between factors through Pearson’s test, and between the different variables that make up each one of them with the socio-demographic variables (distinguishing between ordinal and nominal variables) through the chi-square test of independence and Cramer’s V test (nominal), as well as the linearity test, Goodman’s gamma test, and the Kruskal (ordinal) test. Finally, one of the most important conclusions of this study is that the difficulties encountered by students in the acquisition of competences is conditioned by the development of the assessment processes that are carried out

Genetic structure in the paternal lineages of South East Spain revealed by the analysis of 17 Y-STRs

Supplementary information accompanies this paper at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-41580-9.The content of this article is part of the Ph.D. thesis of María Saiz which was conducted at the University of Granada under the doctoral programme “Biomedicine”. The authors thank all of the participants who donated buccal swabs and all those who helped in the sample collection—namely, María Luisa Aceituno Villalva, Leticia Olga Rubio Lamia, and Verónica Delgado López. In addition, the authors want to thank Xiomara Gálvez for the technical assistance in the laboratory.The genetic data of 17 Y chromosome short tandem repeats in 146 unrelated donor residents in the provinces of Granada, Málaga, and Almería (GMA) were analyzed to determine the genetic legacy of the male inhabitants of the former Kingdom of Granada. A total of 139 unique haplotypes were identified. Observed allele frequencies and haplogroup frequencies were also analyzed. By AMOVA and STRUCTURE analysis, the populations of the 3 provinces could be treated genetically as a single population. The most frequent haplogroup was R1b1b2 (58.22%). By network analysis of all individuals, we observed a distribution according to haplogroup assignment. To improve the characterization of GMA population, it was compared with those of North Africa, the Iberian Peninsula, and southern Europe. In our analysis of allele frequencies and genetic distances, the GMA population lay within the Spanish population group. Further, in the STRUCTURE analysis, there was no African component in the GMA population, confirming that, based on our genetic markers, the GMA population does not reflect any male genetic influence of the North African people. The presence of African haplogroups in the GMA population is irrelevant when their frequency is compared with those in other European populations

Textile physical barriers: an assessment of the prison effect as a design criterion to increase the porosity without loss of efficacy

Insect-proof screens are a physical method of crop protection against pests whose use is widespread. The hole size must be optimized since too small holes give rise to poorly porous textiles that cause a significant reduction in the permeability of the textiles to air. A common design strategy is to use a rectangular-hole geometry with the aim of limiting the hole width to prevent insect entry and increasing the hole length to increase the hole surface. However, the validity of this approach has not been tested, and indications suggest that it may not be offering the expected results. The results obtained discredit this widely accepted design criterion since they show that, while the hole width is maintained, protective screens lose efficacy as the hole length increases at least in the range of values considered. It is not possible to find an explanation for these results by considering the hole geometry from a two-dimensional point of view. However, when considering the spatial arrangement of the threads, it is understood that the passage surface for the insects is larger than that considered in the orthogonal projection images and that as the hole length increases, the efficacy of the textiles decreases

Factors influencing the efficacy of insect-proof screens

The use of insect-proof screens as a method of control is widespread. These agrotextiles act as physical barriers preventing the contact between insects and plants. Their effectiveness as a method of crop protection has been sufficiently demonstrated. The use of insect-proof screens reduces pest populations, decreases the incidence of insect-transmitted diseases and as a result it reduces the need to apply pesticides. There is a wide variety of screens with different properties on the market. Some of these agrotextiles are known commercially like anti-aphids or anti thrips screens although their efficacy is not proven. During the last decades different studies have evaluated the efficacy of insect exclusion screens both under laboratory and in field conditions against various pests. The results of these works offer constant values that represent the relationship between insects and fabrics. However, that relationship is not a constant and depends on other variables in addition to the properties of the textile and the characteristics of the insect. The velocity and air temperature also influence the relationship between screen and insect and modify the exclusion capacity of the protection screens. To take into account these variables, we have built a device to evaluate the effectiveness of the screens under laboratory conditions. With this device we can measure the capacity of exclusion of the screens at different air velocities and we can interpret the data according to the measured temperature values. The results show that the efficacy of the screens varies when the conditions change and, in general, the exclusion percentage of the screens decreases when air velocity increases. The temperature is also an influential variable on the efficacy of these textiles and it has been observed that if the temperature decreases the effectiveness of the screens increases due to the lower activity of insects

Insect exclusion screens: the size of the holes from a three-dimensional perspective

Insect-proof screens are considered as flat bodies. However, from a microscopic point of view a screen is not a flat body but, on the contrary, the spatial arrangement of the threads determines that the passage surface for an insect is larger than the one obtained in the measures made on images in orthogonal projection. This paper compares the effectiveness against Bemisia tabaci of different types of screens and perforated sheets. A perforated sheet has a negligible thickness and therefore, the comparison between these two types of physical barriers allows determining qualitatively the importance of the spatial arrangement of the threads on the efficacy of the screens. It also compares the efficacy between screens with similar hole widths to assess the validity of the “prison effect” as design criteria. The results show that if screens are used smaller holes (measured in orthogonal projection) are needed in comparison to the holes of the perforated sheets to obtain similar values of efficacy against the whitefly because the porous surface of the holes of the screens is not flat. The results also indicate that the geometry and the shape factor of the holes of both physical barriers must be similar to obtain a measure of the 3D surface of the holes of the screens. Screens with the same hole width have different efficacy against B. tabaci. The most critical hole region for the passage of the insects is the distance defined by the crossing of two consecutive warp threads. This separation divides the hole in two parts. Although this distance is sufficiently small so that the insect cannot pass if the hole is very elongated the insect could pass by one of the halves and for this reason the hole length of the holes also influences on the efficacy of the screens