63,286 research outputs found
Nash Equilibria, collusion in games and the coevolutionary particle swarm algorithm
In recent work, we presented a deterministic algorithm to investigate collusion between players in a game where the players’ payoff functions are subject to a variational inequality describing the equilibrium of a transportation system. In investigating the potential for collusion between players, the diagonalization algorithm returned a local optimum. In this paper, we apply a coevolutionary particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm developed in earlier research in an attempt to return the global maximum. A numerical experiment is used to verify the performance of the algorithm in overcoming local optimum
Bipolarity and Ambivalence in Landscape Architecture
Our discipline of landscape architecture contains bipolarity, not only in terms of landscape and architecture but also because the idea of landscape is both aesthetic and scientific. Furthermore, within landscape architecture there is a gap between design (as implied by architecture) and planning (implying land-use plan and policy orientation) on one hand, and a similar gap between design (associated with artistic activity, concerned with aesthetics as well as science) and research (considered as scientific activity Landscape architects often retain as much ambivalence between design and planning, as they do between design and research
Shifting Core and Slipping Foundation: An Uncertain Future of Landscape Architecture in European Universities
Faced with the dual and often conflicting necessity to be scientific and design practices the discipline of landscape architecture today is challenged to re-examine its core and intellectual foundation. There is a growing trend toward design as reflective practice. The discipline is maturing and needs autonomous theories and methods. Global and social externalities favor attention to landscape and landscape-based design. Landscape is not only an integrative and evolving concept and practice but also a trans-disciplinary cultural concern. Under such circumstances the core of landscape architecture is shifting and its intellectual foundation is questione
Elasticity of demand and highway scheme benefit evaluation
DIADEM (Dynamic Integrated Assignment and
Demand Modelling) software package has been
recently introduced to complement the variable
demand modeling process. The fundamental
impetus of DIADEM is to test the robustness of
highway scheme benefits and this software
package is intended to be complementary to
conventional demand modeling software. This
paper tests a small hypothetical network of a
town in the UK to compare the benefits under
the current conventional methodology and under
the DIADEM methodology
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