90 research outputs found
Exploring the Law of Numbers: Evidence from China's Real Estate
The renowned proverb, Numbers do not lie, underscores the reliability and
insight that lie beneath numbers, a concept of undisputed importance,
especially in economics and finance etc. Despite the prosperity of Benford's
Law in the first digit analysis, its scope fails to remain comprehensiveness
when it comes to deciphering the laws of number. This paper delves into number
laws by taking the financial statements of China real estate as a
representative, quantitatively study not only the first digit, but also depict
the other two dimensions of numbers: frequency and length. The research
outcomes transcend mere reservations about data manipulation and open the door
to discussions surrounding number diversity and the delineation of the usage
insights. This study wields both economic significance and the capacity to
foster a deeper comprehension of numerical phenomena.Comment: DS
Exploring the law of text geographic information
Textual geographic information is indispensable and heavily relied upon in
practical applications. The absence of clear distribution poses challenges in
effectively harnessing geographic information, thereby driving our quest for
exploration. We contend that geographic information is influenced by human
behavior, cognition, expression, and thought processes, and given our intuitive
understanding of natural systems, we hypothesize its conformity to the Gamma
distribution. Through rigorous experiments on a diverse range of 24 datasets
encompassing different languages and types, we have substantiated this
hypothesis, unearthing the underlying regularities governing the dimensions of
quantity, length, and distance in geographic information. Furthermore,
theoretical analyses and comparisons with Gaussian distributions and Zipf's law
have refuted the contingency of these laws. Significantly, we have estimated
the upper bounds of human utilization of geographic information, pointing
towards the existence of uncharted territories. Also, we provide guidance in
geographic information extraction. Hope we peer its true countenance uncovering
the veil of geographic information.Comment: IP
Measuring Inequality in CIS Countries: Theory and Empirics
Distributions of many variables of interest in developed economic and financial markets, including income and wealth, exhibit heavy tails as in the case of Pareto or power laws. Many commonly used income and wealth inequality measures are very sensitive to extremes and outliers generated by these distributions due to their heavy-tailedness properties. This paper focuses on robust analysis of distributions and heavy-tailedness characteristics for data on income and wealth for the World, Russia and post-Soviet Central Asian economies. Among other results, it provides robust estimates of heavy-tailedness parameters for income and wealth in the markets considered and their comparisons with the benchmark values that are well-established for distributions of these variables in developed economies. The paper further provides applications of the obtained empirical results to inference on inequality measures and discusses their implications for market demand and economic equilibrium.Income inequality, wealth inequality, CIS countries, Russian economy, post-Soviet economies, heavy-tailedness, power laws, Pareto distribution, income inequality, market demand, economic equilibrium
Plant-insect chemical communication in ecological communities: an information theory perspective
Cross-species communication, where signals are sent by one species and perceived by others, is one of the most intriguing types of communication that functionally links different species to form complex ecological networks. Global change and human activity can affect communication by increasing fluctuations in species composition and phenology, altering signal profiles and intensity, and introducing noise. So far, most studies on cross-species communication have focused on a few specific species isolated from ecological communities. Scaling up investigations of cross-species communication to the community level is currently hampered by a lack of conceptual and practical methodologies. Here, we propose an interdisciplinary framework based on information theory to investigate mechanisms shaping cross-species communication at the community level. We use plants and insects, the cornerstones of most ecosystems, as a showcase and focus on chemical communication as the key communication channel. We first introduce some basic concepts of information theory, then we illustrate information patterns in plant-insect chemical communication, followed by a further exploration of how to integrate information theory into ecological and evolutionary processes to form testable mechanistic hypotheses. We conclude by highlighting the importance of community-level information as a means to better understand the maintenance and workings of ecological systems, especially during rapid global change
Authorship Authentication for Twitter Messages Using Support Vector Machine
With the rapid growth of internet usage, authorship authentication of online messages became challenging research topic in the last decades. In this paper, we used a team of support vector machines to authenticate 5 Twitter authors’ messages. SVM is one of the commonly used and strong classification algorithms in authorship attribution problems. SVM maps the linearly non separable input data to a higher dimensional space by a hyperplane via radial base functions. Firstly using the training data, 10 hyperplanes that separate pair wise five authors training data are built. Then the expertise of these SVMs combined to classify the testing data into five classes. 20 tweets with 16 features from each author were used for evaluation. In spite of the randomly choice of the features, one of the author accuracy around 75% is achieved
Journal Productivity in Fishery Science an informetric analysis
Knowledge is a human resource which has the ability to
consolidate the valuable results of human thinking and
civilization through different times. It is the totality of
understanding of nature and its features for improved
quality of life of human society. Because of this, knowledge
has been increasing in volume, dimension and directions. The
term ‘information’ and 'knowledge' are often used as if they
are interchangeable. Information is ‘potential knowledge‘
which is converted into knowledge by the integration of
memory of human beings. In modern times there is a confusion
on knowledge usage. Therefore an understanding of the
concept ‘knowledge’ is needed for formulation of strategies
in information science
Dragon-kings: mechanisms, statistical methods and empirical evidence
This introductory article presents the special Discussion and Debate volume
"From black swans to dragon-kings, is there life beyond power laws?" published
in Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics in May 2012. We summarize and put in
perspective the contributions into three main themes: (i) mechanisms for
dragon-kings, (ii) detection of dragon-kings and statistical tests and (iii)
empirical evidence in a large variety of natural and social systems. Overall,
we are pleased to witness significant advances both in the introduction and
clarification of underlying mechanisms and in the development of novel
efficient tests that demonstrate clear evidence for the presence of
dragon-kings in many systems. However, this positive view should be balanced by
the fact that this remains a very delicate and difficult field, if only due to
the scarcity of data as well as the extraordinary important implications with
respect to hazard assessment, risk control and predictability.Comment: 20 page
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