Waiting characteristics of queueing system Geo/Geo/1/∞ with negative claims and a bunker for superseded claims in discrete time

A discrete time single-line queueing system with independent geometric streams of regular and negative claims, infinite buffer, and geometric service is considered. A negative claim pushes a regular claim out of the buffer queue and moves it to a bunker of infinite capacity. If the buffer is empty, a negative claim leaves the system without any effect. After servicing a claim, the system receives the next claim from the buffer, if it is not empty, or from the bunker. We obtain relations for stationary waiting and sojourn time distributions of the regular claim. © 2010 IEEE

Waiting characteristics of queueing system Geo/Geo/1/∞ with negative claims and a bunker for superseded claims in discrete time

A discrete time single-line queueing system with independent geometric streams of regular and negative claims, infinite buffer, and geometric service is considered. A negative claim pushes a regular claim out of the buffer queue and moves it to a bunker of infinite capacity. If the buffer is empty, a negative claim leaves the system without any effect. After servicing a claim, the system receives the next claim from the buffer, if it is not empty, or from the bunker. We obtain relations for stationary waiting and sojourn time distributions of the regular claim. © 2010 IEEE

NBS monograph

From Introduction: "This is the second in a series of reports concerned with research and development requirements and areas of continuing concern in the computer and information sciences and technologies.

NBS monograph

From Introduction: "This is the third in a planned series of reports involving selective literature reviews of research and development requirements and areas of continuing R & D concern in the computer and information sciences and technologies.

The Music Sound

A guide for music: compositions, events, forms, genres, groups, history, industry, instruments, language, live music, musicians, songs, musicology, techniques, terminology , theory, music video. Music is a human activity which involves structured and audible sounds, which is used for artistic or aesthetic, entertainment, or ceremonial purposes. The traditional or classical European aspects of music often listed are those elements given primacy in European-influenced classical music: melody, harmony, rhythm, tone color/timbre, and form. A more comprehensive list is given by stating the aspects of sound: pitch, timbre, loudness, and duration. Common terms used to discuss particular pieces include melody, which is a succession of notes heard as some sort of unit; chord, which is a simultaneity of notes heard as some sort of unit; chord progression, which is a succession of chords (simultaneity succession); harmony, which is the relationship between two or more pitches; counterpoint, which is the simultaneity and organization of different melodies; and rhythm, which is the organization of the durational aspects of music

Maritime expressions:a corpus based exploration of maritime metaphors

This study uses a purpose-built corpus to explore the linguistic legacy of Britain’s maritime history found in the form of hundreds of specialised ‘Maritime Expressions’ (MEs), such as TAKEN ABACK, ANCHOR and ALOOF, that permeate modern English. Selecting just those expressions commencing with ’A’, it analyses 61 MEs in detail and describes the processes by which these technical expressions, from a highly specialised occupational discourse community, have made their way into modern English. The Maritime Text Corpus (MTC) comprises 8.8 million words, encompassing a range of text types and registers, selected to provide a cross-section of ‘maritime’ writing. It is analysed using WordSmith analytical software (Scott, 2010), with the 100 million-word British National Corpus (BNC) as a reference corpus. Using the MTC, a list of keywords of specific salience within the maritime discourse has been compiled and, using frequency data, concordances and collocations, these MEs are described in detail and their use and form in the MTC and the BNC is compared. The study examines the transformation from ME to figurative use in the general discourse, in terms of form and metaphoricity. MEs are classified according to their metaphorical strength and their transference from maritime usage into new registers and domains such as those of business, politics, sports and reportage etc. A revised model of metaphoricity is developed and a new category of figurative expression, the ‘resonator’, is proposed. Additionally, developing the work of Lakov and Johnson, Kovesces and others on Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT), a number of Maritime Conceptual Metaphors are identified and their cultural significance is discussed