The 125th anniversary of the first postulation of the soil origin of endophytic bacteria – a tribute to M.L.V. Galippe

In both managed and natural ecosystems, a wide range of various non-nodulating bacteria can thrive as endophytes in the plant interior, and some can be beneficial to their hosts (Hallmann and Berg 2007; Reinhold-Hurek and Hurek 2011). Colonizationmechanisms, the ecology and functioning of these endophytic bacteria as well as their interactions with plants have been investigated (Hardoim et al. 2008; Compant et al. 2010). Although the source of colonization can also be the spermosphere, anthosphere, caulosphere, and the phyllosphere,most endophytic bacteria are derived from the soil environment (Hallmann and Berg 2007; Compant et al. 2010)

HEALTH COSTS AND EXTERNALITIES OF PESTICIDE USE IN LOCUST AND GRASSHOPPER CONTROL IN THE SAHEL

To evaluate the economic cost of classical chemical control of locusts, externalities of chemical pesticides in the Sahel are estimated through a farmer survey. The costs of human health, losses in domestic animals and of destroying obsolete pesticides are estimated at $4 per treated ha for chemical control.Environmental Economics and Policy, Health Economics and Policy,

From Models to Simulations

This book analyses the impact computerization has had on contemporary science and explains the origins, technical nature and epistemological consequences of the current decisive interplay between technology and science: an intertwining of formalism, computation, data acquisition, data and visualization and how these factors have led to the spread of simulation models since the 1950s. Using historical, comparative and interpretative case studies from a range of disciplines, with a particular emphasis on the case of plant studies, the author shows how and why computers, data treatment devices and programming languages have occasioned a gradual but irresistible and massive shift from mathematical models to computer simulations

Et si on remettait le couvert ...

Les couverts végétaux fournissent de nombreux services, particulièrement en agriculture biologique