26,651 research outputs found
How people find videos
At present very little is known about how people locate and view videos 'in the wild'. This study draws a rich picture of everyday video seeking strategies and video information needs, based on an ethnographic study of New Zealand university students. These insights into the participants' activities and motivations suggest potentially useful facilities for a video digital library
Finding video on the web
At present very little is known about how people locate and view videos. This study draws a rich picture of everyday video seeking strategies and video information needs, based on an ethnographic study of New Zealand university students. These insights into the participantsâ activities and motivations suggest potentially useful facilities for a video digital library
Understanding the Detection of View Fraud in Video Content Portals
While substantial effort has been devoted to understand fraudulent activity
in traditional online advertising (search and banner), more recent forms such
as video ads have received little attention. The understanding and
identification of fraudulent activity (i.e., fake views) in video ads for
advertisers, is complicated as they rely exclusively on the detection
mechanisms deployed by video hosting portals. In this context, the development
of independent tools able to monitor and audit the fidelity of these systems
are missing today and needed by both industry and regulators.
In this paper we present a first set of tools to serve this purpose. Using
our tools, we evaluate the performance of the audit systems of five major
online video portals. Our results reveal that YouTube's detection system
significantly outperforms all the others. Despite this, a systematic evaluation
indicates that it may still be susceptible to simple attacks. Furthermore, we
find that YouTube penalizes its videos' public and monetized view counters
differently, the former being more aggressive. This means that views identified
as fake and discounted from the public view counter are still monetized. We
speculate that even though YouTube's policy puts in lots of effort to
compensate users after an attack is discovered, this practice places the burden
of the risk on the advertisers, who pay to get their ads displayed.Comment: To appear in WWW 2016, Montr\'eal, Qu\'ebec, Canada. Please cite the
conference version of this pape
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Zapping index: Using smile to measure advertisement zapping likelihood
In marketing and advertising research, 'zapping' is defined as the action when a viewer stops watching a commercial. Researchers analyze users' behavior in order to prevent zapping which helps advertisers to design effective commercials. Since emotions can be used to engage consumers, in this paper, we leverage automated facial expression analysis to understand consumers' zapping behavior. Firstly, we provide an accurate moment-to-moment smile detection algorithm. Secondly, we formulate a binary classification problem (zapping/non-zapping) based on real-world scenarios, and adopt smile response as the feature to predict zapping. Thirdly, to cope with the lack of a metric in advertising evaluation, we propose a new metric called Zapping Index (ZI). ZI is a moment-to-moment measurement of a user's zapping probability. It gauges not only the reaction of a user, but also the preference of a user to commercials. Finally, extensive experiments are performed to provide insights and we make recommendations that will be useful to both advertisers and advertisement publishers
Questioning the Generational Divide: Technological Exoticism and Adult Constructions of Online Youth Identity
Part of the Volume on Youth, Identity, and Digital Media. This chapter reflects on the effects and implications of the discrepancy between adult perspectives on digital media and youth experiences. Through an analysis of public discourse by marketers, journalists, and new media researchers compared with statements by young technology users, it is proposed that the current so-called "Internet generation" is in fact a transitional generation, in which young Internet users are characterized to varying degrees by a dual consciousness of both their own and adult perspectives, the latter of which tend to exoticize youth. An analogy with the first television generation is developed to suggest that the birth of a true Internet generation, some years in the future, will pave the way for more normalized, difficult-to-question changes in media attitudes and consumption, and thus that the present transitional moment should be taken advantage of to encourage conversation between adults and youth about technology and social change
Integrating Emotional Affect into Bear Viewing Management and Bear Safety Education
The popularity of viewing wildlife, specifically brown bears (Ursus arctos), is increasing rapidly throughout North America, from Yellowstone National Park (NP) to Denali National Park. In addition, population distributions of both humans and brown bears are expanding, creating larger areas of overlap and an increased possibility of human-bear interactions. In order to prevent negative encounters and injury to either species, park managers must continue to work to encourage appropriate behavior among local residents as well as park visitors. Human behavior, however, is a result of many complex factors, including emotion and cognition. Despite this, the effects of emotions on human-wildlife conflict remain unstudied and therefore may limit success of any mitigation efforts. This thesis employs a quantitative self-assessment questionnaire within a sequential exploratory design to understand the relationship between emotion and behavior within the context of human encounters with bears. Results demonstrate significant variation in negative affect across bear encounter scenarios and highlight several areas of uncertainty among respondents. These results are used to develop a set of meaningful recommendations to improve the efficacy of current bear management and safety education
Learning to Hash-tag Videos with Tag2Vec
User-given tags or labels are valuable resources for semantic understanding
of visual media such as images and videos. Recently, a new type of labeling
mechanism known as hash-tags have become increasingly popular on social media
sites. In this paper, we study the problem of generating relevant and useful
hash-tags for short video clips. Traditional data-driven approaches for tag
enrichment and recommendation use direct visual similarity for label transfer
and propagation. We attempt to learn a direct low-cost mapping from video to
hash-tags using a two step training process. We first employ a natural language
processing (NLP) technique, skip-gram models with neural network training to
learn a low-dimensional vector representation of hash-tags (Tag2Vec) using a
corpus of 10 million hash-tags. We then train an embedding function to map
video features to the low-dimensional Tag2vec space. We learn this embedding
for 29 categories of short video clips with hash-tags. A query video without
any tag-information can then be directly mapped to the vector space of tags
using the learned embedding and relevant tags can be found by performing a
simple nearest-neighbor retrieval in the Tag2Vec space. We validate the
relevance of the tags suggested by our system qualitatively and quantitatively
with a user study
Growing Up Digital: Control and the Pieces of a Digital Life
Part of the Volume on Digital Young, Innovation, and the Unexpected Digital media files have the potential to persist across time in ways that analog files of the same types do not. This persistence follows from the relatively new potential to learn of the existence of such files and to physically locate copies, and it means that such files may follow us across the whole of our lives, appearing and reappearing at the most inopportune moments. They are indexed, stored, and accessible due to the architecture of the digital age. This chapter shows how this persistence can be pernicious across time, with the potential for normal youthful experimentation to have long-lasting effects when embedded into digital media. It acknowledges that the law does not address this problem, and proposes both a broadening of our acceptance of the youthful acts that may be embedded in digital media, as well as giving more legal control to those whose youths are so embedded
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