137,443 research outputs found
Syntactic Computation as Labelled Deduction: WH a case study
This paper addresses the question "Why do WH phenomena occur with the particular cluster of properties observed across languages -- long-distance dependencies, WH-in situ, partial movement constructions, reconstruction, crossover etc." These phenomena have been analysed by invoking a number of discrete principles and categories, but have so far resisted a unified treatment.
The explanation proposed is set within a model of natural language understanding in context, where the task of understanding is taken to be the incremental building of a structure over which the semantic content is defined. The formal model is a composite of a labelled type-deduction system, a modal tree logic, and a set of rules for describing the process of interpreting the string as a set of transition states. A dynamic concept of syntax results, in which in addition to an output structure associated with each string (analogous to the level of LF), there is in addition an explicit meta-level description of the process whereby this incremental process takes place.
This paper argues that WH-related phenomena can be unified by adopting this dynamic perspective. The main focus of the paper is on WH-initial structures, WH in situ structures, partial movement phenomena, and crossover phenomena. In each case, an analysis is proposed which emerges from the general characterisatioan of WH structures without construction-specific stipulation.Articl
Computability of the causal boundary by using isocausality
Recently, a new viewpoint on the classical c-boundary in Mathematical
Relativity has been developed, the relations of this boundary with the
conformal one and other classical boundaries have been analyzed, and its
computation in some classes of spacetimes, as the standard stationary ones, has
been carried out.
In the present paper, we consider the notion of isocausality given by
Garc\'ia-Parrado and Senovilla, and introduce a framework to carry out
isocausal comparisons with standard stationary spacetimes. As a consequence,
the qualitative behavior of the c-boundary (at the three levels: point set,
chronology and topology) of a wide class of spacetimes, is obtained.Comment: 44 pages, 5 Figures, latex. Version with minor changes and the
inclusion of Figure
FCFS Parallel Service Systems and Matching Models
We consider three parallel service models in which customers of several types
are served by several types of servers subject to a bipartite compatibility
graph, and the service policy is first come first served. Two of the models
have a fixed set of servers. The first is a queueing model in which arriving
customers are assigned to the longest idling compatible server if available, or
else queue up in a single queue, and servers that become available pick the
longest waiting compatible customer, as studied by Adan and Weiss, 2014. The
second is a redundancy service model where arriving customers split into copies
that queue up at all the compatible servers, and are served in each queue on
FCFS basis, and leave the system when the first copy completes service, as
studied by Gardner et al., 2016. The third model is a matching queueing model
with a random stream of arriving servers. Arriving customers queue in a single
queue and arriving servers match with the first compatible customer and leave
immediately with the customer, or they leave without a customer. The last model
is relevant to organ transplants, to housing assignments, to adoptions and many
other situations.
We study the relations between these models, and show that they are closely
related to the FCFS infinite bipartite matching model, in which two infinite
sequences of customers and servers of several types are matched FCFS according
to a bipartite compatibility graph, as studied by Adan et al., 2017. We also
introduce a directed bipartite matching model in which we embed the queueing
systems. This leads to a generalization of Burke's theorem to parallel service
systems
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PDF/A formatsAccess: via World Wide Web東京外国語大学大学院総合国際学研究科博士 (学術) 論文 (2016年4月)Author's thesis (Ph.D)--Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, 2016博甲第214号Bibliography: p. 183-195Summary in English and Japanese東京外国語大学 (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)博士 (学術
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