Two-level QoS-aware frame-based downlink resources allocation for RT/NRT services fairness in LTE networks

In LTE, bandwidth resources allocation became a huge burden to be handled, as both of RT and NRT traffic should be processed fairly to satisfy their diverse QoS requirements. To tackle this issue in particular, in this work, we propose a fairness-based resources allocation method named Frame-based Game Theory (FGT), which can be flexibly implemented as an upper level in LTE downlink MAC layer; before the PRBs allocation function. Basically, FGT aim is to allow involved classes with different QoS requirements to fairly gain a part of the available channel resources to transmit their flows. Adhere, on every LTE-frame, a cooperative game scenario is designed. Wherein, Shapley formula is used to distribute the available amount of data within RT and NRT traffic classes. Then, conforming to these assigned resources portions to each traffic class, PRBs allocation process is triggered every TTI for the selected flows. In this work, we adopted some of the recent PRBs allocation methods as a lower level scheduler in order to illustrate a complete idea of MAC layer scheduling functions, and also to effectively evaluate FGT performance. Simulation results on various scenarios show that, fairness index for flows from different classes is increased when FGT is considered. The results also conveyed outperforming QoS indices for FGT on RT and NRT service in terms of throughput, PLR, as well as cell spectrum efficiency

Enhanced exponential rule scheduling algorithm for real-time traffic in LTE network

Nowadays, mobile communication is growing rapidly and become an everyday commodity. The vast deployment of real-time services in Long Term Evolution (LTE) network demands for the scheduling techniques that support the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. LTE is designed and implemented to fulfill the users’ QoS. However, 3GPP does not define the specific scheduling technique for resource distribution which leads to vast research and development of the scheduling techniques. In this context, a review of the recent scheduling algorithm is reported in the literature. These schedulers in the literature cause high Packet Loss Rate (PLR), low fairness, and high delay. To cope with these disadvantages, we propose an enhanced EXPRULE (eEXPRULE) scheduler to improve the radio resource utilization in the LTE network. Extensive simulation works are carried out and the proposed scheduler provides a significant performance improvement for video application without sacrificing the VoIP performance. The eEXPRULE scheduler increases video throughput, spectrum efficiency, and fairness by 50%, 13%, and 11%, respectively, and reduces the video PLR by 11%