210,417 research outputs found
Continuity in cognition
Designing for continuous interaction requires
designers to consider the way in which human users can
perceive and evaluate an artefact’s observable behaviour,
in order to make inferences about its state and plan, and
execute their own continuous behaviour. Understanding
the human point of view in continuous interaction requires
an understanding of human causal reasoning, of
the way in which humans perceive and structure the
world, and of human cognition. We present a framework
for representing human cognition, and show briefly how it
relates to the analysis of structure in continuous interaction,
and the ways in which it may be applied in design
Improving the effectiveness of collaborative group work in primary schools: effect on Science attainment
This longitudinal research tests the effectiveness of the SPRinG programme which was developed through a collaboration between researchers and teachers and designed to provide teachers with strategies for enhancing pupil group work in ‘authentic’ classroom settings. An evaluation study involved comparing pupils in SPRinG classrooms and trained in group work skills with those who were not in terms of science attainment. There were 560 and 1027 pupils (8-10 years) in the experimental and control groups respectively. ‘Macro’ attainment data were collected at the start of the year. ‘Micro’ attainment data were collected in the spring and summer before and after science lessons involving either group work (intervention) or the control teachers’ usual approach. SPRinG pupils made greater academic progress than control pupils. Findings are discussed relative to enhancing the quantity and quality of group work in schools and a social pedagogic approach to classroom learning
On the Role of Text Preprocessing in Neural Network Architectures: An Evaluation Study on Text Categorization and Sentiment Analysis
Text preprocessing is often the first step in the pipeline of a Natural
Language Processing (NLP) system, with potential impact in its final
performance. Despite its importance, text preprocessing has not received much
attention in the deep learning literature. In this paper we investigate the
impact of simple text preprocessing decisions (particularly tokenizing,
lemmatizing, lowercasing and multiword grouping) on the performance of a
standard neural text classifier. We perform an extensive evaluation on standard
benchmarks from text categorization and sentiment analysis. While our
experiments show that a simple tokenization of input text is generally
adequate, they also highlight significant degrees of variability across
preprocessing techniques. This reveals the importance of paying attention to
this usually-overlooked step in the pipeline, particularly when comparing
different models. Finally, our evaluation provides insights into the best
preprocessing practices for training word embeddings.Comment: Blackbox EMNLP 2018. 7 page
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