Pneumonitis following diesel fuel siphonage

AbstractPetroleum diesel is a complex mixture of liquid hydrocarbons and mainly used as fuel in transport vehicles. The practice of manual siphoning of diesel from fuel tanks is common in developing countries but hydrocarbon pneumonitis due to diesel siphonage is rarely reported. We report pneumonitis following diesel fuel siphonage in a 30-year-old driver. Initially patient had severe nausea and vomiting followed by chest pain and breathlessness after three days. In our case, induced sputum was diagnostic as against majority of cases where bronchoscopy was used as diagnostic tool. Recovery was complete with medical treatment

Fire-eater’s lung

  Fire eater’s lung (FEL) is an acute hydrocarbon pneumonitis caused by aspiration or inhalation into airways of liquid hydrocarbons. This disorder is classified into distinct form of chemical toxic pneumonitis. An amateur fire-eater is presented in this work. He accidentally aspirated into airways about 1/3 of glass of grill lighter fluid composed of mixture of liquid hydrocarbons. A few hours after this incident he had severe symptoms like weakness, high temperature, midsternal pleuritic chest pain, myalgia of the back, shortness of breath, and dry cough. Radiologic examination revealed consolidations with well−defined cavitary lesions (pneumatoceles) in lower lobes mainly in the left lower lobe. After one week of this event clinical improvement was observed. The lesions resolved nearly completly during three months. The review of the literature connected with fire-eater’s lung is also presented.

Prediction of illness severity and outcome of children with kerosene ingestion admitted in Tirunelveli Medical College using the scoring system for hydrocarbon poisoning

Kerosene poisoning is common in children in developing countries like India. Kerosene is used for cooking and lighting purpose in India especially in rural areas. Kerosene is commonly stored in water bottles or in soft drink bottles and the colour of kerosene makes them attractive to children. Kerosene because of its low surface tension, gets aspirated while ingestion and commonly following vomiting and causes chemical pneumonitis. The Scoring system for hydrocarbon poisoning is very useful in assessing the clinical severity and outcome of children with kerosene poisoning. Kerosene poisoning is common among boys, less than 3 years of age from rural population. Poisoning occurs commonly during summer. Vomiting is an important risk factor for developing chemical pneumonitis

JP-5 and JP-8

prepared by Sciences International, Inc. Under Subcontract to: Research Triangle Institute ; prepared for U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry."Under contract no. 205-93-0606.""August 1998.""Prepared by Research Triangle Institute under contract no.205-93-0606. Prepared for U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry."Chemical manager(s)/author(s): John Risher, Patricia M. Bittner, Steve Rhodes.Also available via the World Wide Web.Includes bibliographical references (p. 141-163)

Toxicological profile for fuel oils

Chemical manager(s)/author(s):John F. Risher, ATSDR, Division of Toxicology, Atlanta, GA; Steven W. Rhodes, Science International, Inc."Prepared under contract no. 205-93-0606...for U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic substances and Disease Registry."Also available via the World Wide Web.Bibliography: p. 157-199.

Gasoline toxicity

guest contributor, David Logan ; guest editor, Richard Dart..The objectives of this monograph on gasoline are to help you: \u2022 Explain why gasoline may be an acute and chronic health hazard \u2022 Describe the factors that may contribute to gasoline poisoning \u2022 Identify potential environmental and occupational sources of gasoline exposure \u2022 Identify evaluation and treatment protocols for persons exposed to gasoline \u2022 List sources of information on gasoline"Prepared by DeLima Associates ... under contract no. 205-90-0817"--P. [2] of cover.Shipping list no.: 94-0298-M.Includes bibliographical references (p. 18)

Toxicological profile for JP-5, JP-8, and jet A fuels

A Toxicological Profile for JP-5, JP-8, and Jet A Fuels, Draft for Public Comment was released in February 2016. This edition supersedes any previously released draft or final profile

Kerosene Oil Poisoning among Children in Rural Sri Lanka

Introduction. Kerosene oil poisoning is one of common presentations to emergency departments among children in rural territories of developing countries. This study aimed to describe clinical manifestations, reasons for delayed presentations, harmful first aid practices, complications, and risk factors related to kerosene oil poisoning among children in rural Sri Lanka. Methods. This multicenter study was conducted in North-Central province of Sri Lanka involving all in-patient children with acute kerosene oil poisoning. Data were collected over seven years from thirty-six hospitals in the province. Data collection was done by pretested, multistructured questionnaires and a qualitative study. Results. Male children accounted for 189 (60.4%) while 283 (93%) children were below five years. The majority of parents belonged to farming community. Most children ingested kerosene oil in home kitchen. Mortality rate was 0.3%. Lack of transport facilities and financial resources were common reasons for delayed management. Hospital transfer rate was 65.5%. Thirty percent of caregivers practiced harmful first aid measures. Commonest complication was chemical pneumonitis. Strongest risk factors for kerosene oil poisoning were unsafe storage, inadequate supervision, and inadequate house space. Conclusions. Effect of safe storage and community education in reducing the burden of kerosene oil poisoning should be evaluated. Since many risk factors interact to bring about the event of poisoning in a child, holistic approaches to community education in rural settings are recommended