7 research outputs found
Twisting Lattice and Graph Techniques to Compress Transactional Ledgers
International audienceKeeping track of financial transactions (e.g., in banks and blockchains) means keeping track of an ever-increasing list of exchanges between accounts. In fact, many of these transactions can be safely " forgotten " , in the sense that purging a set of them that compensate each other does not impact the network's semantic meaning (e.g., the accounts' balances). We call nilcatenation a collection of transactions having no effect on a network's semantics. Such exchanges may be archived and removed, yielding a smaller, but equivalent ledger. Motivated by the computational and analytic benefits obtained from more compact representations of numerical data, we formalize the problem of finding nilcatenations, and propose detection methods based on graph and lattice-reduction techniques. Atop interesting applications of this work (e.g., decoupling of centralized and distributed databases), we also discuss the original idea of a " community-serving proof of work " : finding nilcatenations constitutes a proof of useful work, as the periodic removal of nilcatenations reduces the transactional graph's size
A Systematic Literature Review of the Tension between the GDPR and Public Blockchain Systems
The blockchain technology has been rapidly growing since Bitcoin was invented
in 2008. The most common type of blockchain systems, public (permisionless)
blockchain systems have some unique features that lead to a tension with
European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and other similar
data protection laws. In this paper, we report the results of a systematic
literature review (SLR) on 114 research papers discussing and/or addressing
such a tension. To be the best of our know, our SLR is the most comprehensive
review of this topic, leading a more in-depth and broader analysis of related
research work on this important topic. Our results revealed that three main
types of issues: (i) difficulties in exercising data subjects' rights such as
the `right to be forgotten' (RTBF) due to the immutable nature of public
blockchains; (ii) difficulties in identifying roles and responsibilities in the
public blockchain data processing ecosystem (particularly on the identification
of data controllers and data processors); (iii) ambiguities regarding the
application of the relevant law(s) due to the distributed nature of
blockchains. Our work also led to a better understanding of solutions for
improving the GDPR compliance of public blockchain systems. Our work can help
inform not only blockchain researchers and developers, but also policy makers
and law markers to consider how to reconcile the tension between public
blockchain systems and data protection laws (the GDPR and beyond)
A systematic literature review of the tension between the GDPR and public blockchain systems
The blockchain technology has been rapidly growing since Bitcoin was invented in 2008. The most common type of blockchain systems, public (permissionless) blockchain systems have some unique features that lead to a tension with European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and other similar data protection laws. In this paper, we report the results of a systematic literature review (SLR) on 114 research papers discussing and/or addressing such a tension. To the best of our knowledge, our SLR is the most comprehensive review of this topic, leading a more in-depth and broader analysis of related research work on this important topic. Our results revealed three main types of issues: (i) difficulties in exercising data subjects' rights such as the âright to be forgottenâ (RTBF) due to the immutable nature of public blockchains; (ii) difficulties in identifying roles and responsibilities in the public blockchain data processing ecosystem (particularly on the identification of data controllers and data processors); (iii) ambiguities regarding the application of the relevant law(s) due to the distributed nature of blockchains. Our work also led to a better understanding of solutions for improving the GDPR compliance of public blockchain systems. Our work can help inform not only blockchain researchers and developers, but also policy makers and law markers to consider how to reconcile the tension between public blockchain systems and data protection laws (the GDPR and beyond)