Binomial Difference Ideal and Toric Difference Variety

In this paper, the concepts of binomial difference ideals and toric difference varieties are defined and their properties are proved. Two canonical representations for Laurent binomial difference ideals are given using the reduced Groebner basis of Z[x]-lattices and regular and coherent difference ascending chains, respectively. Criteria for a Laurent binomial difference ideal to be reflexive, prime, well-mixed, perfect, and toric are given in terms of their support lattices which are Z[x]-lattices. The reflexive, well-mixed, and perfect closures of a Laurent binomial difference ideal are shown to be binomial. Four equivalent definitions for toric difference varieties are presented. Finally, algorithms are given to check whether a given Laurent binomial difference ideal I is reflexive, prime, well-mixed, perfect, or toric, and in the negative case, to compute the reflexive, well-mixed, and perfect closures of I. An algorithm is given to decompose a finitely generated perfect binomial difference ideal as the intersection of reflexive prime binomial difference ideals.Comment: 72 page

Characteristic classes of singular toric varieties

In this paper we compute the motivic Chern classes and homology Hirzebruch characteristic classes of (possibly singular) toric varieties, which in the complete case fit nicely with a generalized Hirzebruch-Riemann-Roch theorem. As special cases, we obtain new (or recover well-known) formulae for the Baum-Fulton-MacPherson Todd (or MacPherson-Chern) classes of toric varieties, as well as for the Thom-Milnor L-classes of simplicial projective toric varieties. We present two different perspectives for the computation of these characteristic classes of toric varieties. First, we take advantage of the torus-orbit decomposition and the motivic properties of the motivic Chern and resp. homology Hirzebruch classes to express the latter in terms of dualizing sheaves and resp. the (dual) Todd classes of closures of orbits. This method even applies to torus-invariant subspaces of a given toric variety. The obtained formula is then applied to weighted lattice point counting in lattice polytopes and their subcomplexes, yielding generalized Pick-type formulae. Secondly, in the case of simplicial toric varieties, we compute our characteristic classes by using the Lefschetz-Riemann-Roch theorem of Edidin-Graham in the context of the geometric quotient description of such varieties. In this setting, we define mock Hirzebruch classes of simplicial toric varieties and investigate the difference between the (actual) homology Hirzebruch class and the mock Hirzebruch class. We show that this difference is localized on the singular locus, and we obtain a formula for it in which the contribution of each singular cone is identified explicitly. Finally, the two methods of computing characteristic classes are combined for proving several characteristic class formulae originally obtained by Cappell and Shaneson in the early 1990s.Comment: v2: new references added; many results hold now in greater generality, e.g. for closed algebraic toric invariant subspaces of toric varieties which have only DuBois singularities by work of Ishida; motivic Chern classes are also computed; new examples are worked out in detai

Permutation actions on equivariant cohomology

This survey paper describes two geometric representations of the permutation group using the tools of toric topology. These actions are extremely useful for computational problems in Schubert calculus. The (torus) equivariant cohomology of the flag variety is constructed using the combinatorial description of Goresky-Kottwitz-MacPherson, discussed in detail. Two permutation representations on equivariant and ordinary cohomology are identified in terms of irreducible representations of the permutation group. We show how to use the permutation actions to construct divided difference operators and to give formulas for some localizations of certain equivariant classes. This paper includes several new results, in particular a new proof of the Chevalley-Monk formula and a proof that one of the natural permutation representations on the equivariant cohomology of the flag variety is the regular representation. Many examples, exercises, and open questions are provided.Comment: 24 page

Extensions of toric line bundles

For any two nef line bundles F and G on a toric variety X represented by lattice polyhedra P respectively Q, we present the universal equivariant extension of G by F under use of the connected components of the set theoretic difference of Q and P