Ethnicity in management studies: to ask or not to ask, that is the question

Many global changes in the past three decades pose new challenges for contemporary management, including the perception of ethnicity by individuals in different geographic entities. In the European Union (E.U.), Central and Eastern Europe, and Lithuania in particular, ethnicity and social identity are challenged by contemporary political, business, and social life, especially after the dissolution of the USSR and the restoration of independence of nations. The purpose of this study is twofold. First, to provide empirical evidence that issues of ethnicity matter at different levels in an organizational context in this six-country study. Second, we contribute to the body of knowledge in management and social science research on demographic survey items such as ethnicity. We contribute to changing approaches to the logic of specific survey items and shed new light on the response rate challenges and fatigue that can weaken empirical studies and stagnate the implementation of new knowledge. Findings suggest that in more homogeneous societies or societies facing domestic unrest, the ethnicity question may be perceived as unexpected, taboo, discriminatory, or confusing. This uncertainty among respondents can lead to a high dropout rate in research. We provide six specific recommendations for future research designs to address this challenge

The Current Debate on Juror Questions: To Ask or Not to Ask, That Is the Question

This Article addresses the concerns as well as the advantages when courts allow jurors to submit questions to the court and/or witnesses. Based on reviewing the content of 2,271 juror questions submitted in 164 cases, the author categorizes what jurors typically ask and to whom jurors direct their questions. Most juror questions were directed to witnesses and experts. In both criminal and civil cases, jurors typically asked facts about the case, motives of both the witness and the defendant/party, and common practices of professions often unfamiliar to laypersons. In criminal cases, jurors were more likely to question specific eyewitness evidence or facts. More fitting to civil cases, jurors frequently asked financial questions. Most juror questions aimed to clarify testimony, not to introduce new evidence or interrogate witnesses. Jurors utilize the question-asking procedure to enhance their role as a neutral fact finder, not to the detriment of the adversary system. Based on empirical evaluations, and with appropriate judicial discretion and court management of questioning, the concerns of critics appear unfounded

Analisis Kalimat Interogatif dalam Talkshow Mata Najwa

This research is motivated by the existence of interrogative sentences in the Mata Najwa Talkshow which are influencing the listeners. The problems studied in this research are (1) What is the form of interrogative sentences asking for confession in the Mata Najwa Talkshow? (2) How is the form of an interrogative sentence that asks for an answer about one element of the sentence formed with the help of a question word in the Mata Najwa Talkshow? (3) What is the form of an interrogative sentence that asks for an answer in the form of a 'reason' in the Mata Najwa Talkshow? (4) What is the form of an interrogative sentence that asks for an answer in the form of an opinion in the Mata Najwa Talkshow? (5) What is the correct form of interrogative sentences in the Mata Najwa Talkshow?. The purpose of this study is to describe, analyze, interpret, and conclude the form of interrogative sentences that ask for confessions, ask for answers from question word elements, ask for reasons, ask for opinions and present them in the Mata Najwa Talkshow. The theory used to analyze the research problem is the theory proposed by Chaer (2009), Ramlan (2005), and other supporting theories. The approach in this research is a qualitative approach using content analysis method. The type of research conducted includes satisfaction research. Based on the analysis carried out, found 40 data regarding the form of interrogative sentences that ask for confession of 6 data, ask for answers from question word elements with 24 data, ask for reasons for 2 data, and ask for opinions on 8 data. No correct interrogative sentence found. The results and conclusions of this study are (1) interrogative sentences that ask for recognition found in the Mata Najwa Talkshow include interrogative sentences that ask for answers in the form of "yes" or "no", or "yes" or "no" with questionable intonation provide detailed answers. (2) Interrogative sentences that ask for an answer regarding one element of the sentence with the help of question words found in the Mata Najwa Talkshow include interrogative sentences that ask for an answer with one of the question words "where" then add the preposition "di" namely "where". (3) Interrogative sentences that ask for answers in the form of reasons found in the Mata Najwa Talkshow include interrogative sentences that use the question word "why" and get a complete answer. (4) Interrogative sentences that ask for answers in the form of opinions found in the Mata Najwa Talkshow include using the question word how and getting answers in the form of opinions. (5) The correct interrogative sentence is not found

Are We Living in the Last Days?

An important question that many Christians often ask is “Are we living in the last days or end times?” When people ask me this question, I usually respond with a clear “Yes and No!” Such an answer requires an explanation. My explanation is that the Bible uses such terminology in multiple ways, so that some references do refer to our own day, while others do not

Identity types and weak factorization systems in Cauchy complete categories

It has been known that categorical interpretations of dependent type theory with Sigma- and Id-types induce weak factorization systems. When one has a weak factorization system (L, R) on a category C in hand, it is then natural to ask whether or not (L, R) harbors an interpretation of dependent type theory with Sigma- and Id- (and possibly Pi-) types. Using the framework of display map categories to phrase this question more precisely, one would ask whether or not there exists a class D of morphisms of C such that the retract closure of D is the class R and the pair (C, D) forms a display map category modeling Sigma- and Id- (and possibly Pi-) types. In this paper, we show, with the hypothesis that C is Cauchy complete, that there exists such a class D if and only if (C,R) itself forms a display map category modeling Sigma- and Id- (and possibly Pi-) types. Thus, we reduce the search space of our original question from a potentially proper class to a singleton.Comment: 14 page

Alternatives for Projecting MDG Indicators

Although the Millennium Development Goals are global, in the sense that they are to be reached by the whole world, not necessarily by countries individually, in many countries the true commitment to them has led many to ask the question: will my country reach all or some of the MDGs by 2015? Are we on or off track? If off track, how far are we? To answer this question it is mandatory to perform some kind of projecting exercise. We talk of projections, not of forecasts, for there are many variables that can intervene to determine the performance of a country in its pursuit of the goals. Furthermore we have to deal with the fact that we cannot really predict what is going to happen up to 2015, but just make assumptions. However, projections can indeed be so accurate as to resemble forecasts. This is the case when there is plenty of data available, as well as technical expertise in projecting, and time. Unfortunately, this is seldom the case, particularly in developing countries. The common situation faced by those who ask the question on whether the MDGs will be reached by a certain country by 2015 is that of scarcity of data and/or of technical skills. (...)Alternatives for Projecting MDG Indicators

UKARA PITAKON (KALIMAT TANYA) DALAM BAHASA JAWA DIALEK JAWA TIMUR, SUB DIALEK MALANG

Herawati et al. (2004) said that sentences are regarded as a concrete form of the language whether they are spoken in written or in oral form. Sentences have four characteristics that are complementary to each other, ie phonological, orthographic, grammatical, and meaning (Herawati et al., 2004: 14). This paper discusses the characteristics of grammatical and the characteristics of meaning. The linguistic element of a sentence is said to be complete when at least the sentence consists of subject (S) and predicate (P) as the following sentence, Siti mangan 'Siti eats'. In that sentence, Siti is the subject (S) and mangan is a predicate (P). The meaning of the sentence is said to be acceptable to be explained by two examples of the following sentence: (a) Rudi nulis layang nganggo potelot 'Rudi writes a letter using a pencil' and (b) *Rudi nulis layang ngango godhong 'Rudi writes a letter using a leaf'. Example (a) is an acceptable sentence because pencil is used for writing, whereas example (b) contains unacceptable meaning because leaves are not a writing tool and cannot be used for writing. So an arrangement can be said as a sentence when the order contains acceptable meaning. Furthermore, this paper limits the discussion only to the type of sentence according to the purpose or the form of the interrogative sentence. While the method used in this paper is an introspective method, namely by utilizing the author's intuition as native speakers of Javanese, dialect of East Java. So the linguistic data obtained in the form of Java language dialect Malang East Java. The characteristics of ukara pitakon (interrogative sentences) in Javanese are ending with a question mark (?), and / or query element. These characteristics can be seen from 2 things: syntactic behavior, and semantic behavior. Syntactic behaviors of sentence in Javanese language among others are (1) In the verbs predicated sentence then the question word or interrogative pronoun (PN1) tend to occupy the function of the subject, object, or complement; (2) As the core of the phrase, the question word or interrogative pronoun (PN1) occupies the main part meanwhile the supporting part which can usually be numerals, adjectives, adjectives, verbs, or other nouns are in front or following behind. The role (semantic function) which can be done by the question word or the interrogative pronoun (PN1) in Javanese dialect of Malang East Java is apa 'what' to ask the object or yes no question, sapa 'who' to ask someone, kapan 'when' to ask Time, apaa 'why' to ask why, yaapa 'how' to ask the circumstances, endi 'which’ to ask for choice or place, ndek endi ‘where 'to ask the place, and pira ‘how many’ to ask the number or amount of something