Fast 3D Poisson solvers in elliptical conducting pipe for space-charge simulation

Space-charge effects play an important role in high intensity accelerators. These effects can be studied self-consistently by solving the Poisson equation with the dynamically evolved charge density distribution subject to appropriate boundary conditions. In this paper, two computationally efficient methods are proposed to solve the Poisson equation inside an elliptical perfectly conducting pipe. One method uses a spectral method and the other uses a spectral finite difference method. The former method has a high accuracy and the latter one has a computational complexity of O(Nlog(N)), where N is the total number of unknowns. These methods implemented in a beam dynamics tracking code enable the fast simulation of space-charge effects in an accelerator with an elliptical conducting pipe

On FFT-based convolutions and correlations, with application to solving Poisson's equation in an open rectangular pipe

A new method is presented for solving Poisson's equation inside an open-ended rectangular pipe. The method uses Fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs) to perform mixed convolutions and correlations of the charge density with the Green function. Descriptions are provided for algorithms based on the ordinary Green function and for an integrated Green function (IGF). Due to its similarity to the widely used Hockney algorithm for solving Poisson's equation in free space, this capability can be easily implemented in many existing particle-in-cell beam dynamics codes

A Fast Parallel Poisson Solver on Irregular Domains Applied to Beam Dynamic Simulations

We discuss the scalable parallel solution of the Poisson equation within a Particle-In-Cell (PIC) code for the simulation of electron beams in particle accelerators of irregular shape. The problem is discretized by Finite Differences. Depending on the treatment of the Dirichlet boundary the resulting system of equations is symmetric or `mildly' nonsymmetric positive definite. In all cases, the system is solved by the preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithm with smoothed aggregation (SA) based algebraic multigrid (AMG) preconditioning. We investigate variants of the implementation of SA-AMG that lead to considerable improvements in the execution times. We demonstrate good scalability of the solver on distributed memory parallel processor with up to 2048 processors. We also compare our SAAMG-PCG solver with an FFT-based solver that is more commonly used for applications in beam dynamics

Three-dimensional poisson solver for a charged beam with large aspect ratio in a conducting pipe

In this paper, we present a three-dimensional Poisson equation solver for the electrostatic potential of a charged beam with large longitudinal to transverse aspect ratio in a straight and a bent conducting pipe with open-end boundary conditions. In this solver, we have used a Hermite-Gaussian series to represent the longitudinal spatial dependence of the charge density and the electric potential. Using the Hermite-Gaussian approximation, the oritinal three-dimensional Poisson equation has been reduced into a group of coupled two-dimensional partial differential equations with the coupling strength proportional to the inverse square of the longitudinal-to-transverse aspect ratio. For a large aspect ratio, the coupling is weak. These two-dimensional partial differential equations can be solved independently using an iterative approach. The iterations converge quickly due to the large aspect ration of the beam. For a transverse round conducting pipe, the two-dimensional Poisson equation is solved using a Bessel function approximation and a Fourier function approximation. The three-dimensional Poisson solver can have important applications in the study of the space-charge effects in the high intensity proton storage ring accelerator or induction linear accelerator for heavy ion fusion where the ration of bunch length to the transverse size is large