Neuronal Correlation Parameter in the Idea of Thermodynamic Entropy of an N-Body Gravitationally Bounded System

Understanding how the brain encodes information and performs computation requires statistical and functional analysis. Given the complexity of the human brain, simple methods that facilitate the interpretation of statistical correlations among different brain regions can be very useful. In this report we introduce a numerical correlation measure that may serve the interpretation of correlational neuronal data, and may assist in the evaluation of different brain states. The description of the dynamical brain system, through a global numerical measure may indicate the presence of an action principle which may facilitate a application of physics principles in the study of the human brain and cognition

A guided tour of asynchronous cellular automata

Research on asynchronous cellular automata has received a great amount of attention these last years and has turned to a thriving field. We survey the recent research that has been carried out on this topic and present a wide state of the art where computing and modelling issues are both represented.Comment: To appear in the Journal of Cellular Automat

Computers and Liquid State Statistical Mechanics

The advent of electronic computers has revolutionised the application of statistical mechanics to the liquid state. Computers have permitted, for example, the calculation of the phase diagram of water and ice and the folding of proteins. The behaviour of alkanes adsorbed in zeolites, the formation of liquid crystal phases and the process of nucleation. Computer simulations provide, on one hand, new insights into the physical processes in action, and on the other, quantitative results of greater and greater precision. Insights into physical processes facilitate the reductionist agenda of physics, whilst large scale simulations bring out emergent features that are inherent (although far from obvious) in complex systems consisting of many bodies. It is safe to say that computer simulations are now an indispensable tool for both the theorist and the experimentalist, and in the future their usefulness will only increase. This chapter presents a selective review of some of the incredible advances in condensed matter physics that could only have been achieved with the use of computers.Comment: 22 pages, 2 figures. Chapter for a boo

Computational Performance Evaluation of Two Integer Linear Programming Models for the Minimum Common String Partition Problem

In the minimum common string partition (MCSP) problem two related input strings are given. "Related" refers to the property that both strings consist of the same set of letters appearing the same number of times in each of the two strings. The MCSP seeks a minimum cardinality partitioning of one string into non-overlapping substrings that is also a valid partitioning for the second string. This problem has applications in bioinformatics e.g. in analyzing related DNA or protein sequences. For strings with lengths less than about 1000 letters, a previously published integer linear programming (ILP) formulation yields, when solved with a state-of-the-art solver such as CPLEX, satisfactory results. In this work, we propose a new, alternative ILP model that is compared to the former one. While a polyhedral study shows the linear programming relaxations of the two models to be equally strong, a comprehensive experimental comparison using real-world as well as artificially created benchmark instances indicates substantial computational advantages of the new formulation.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1405.5646 This paper version replaces the one submitted on January 10, 2015, due to detected error in the calculation of the variables involved in the ILP model