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Integration with Ontologies
One of today’s hottest IT topics is integration, as bringing together information from different sources and structures is not completely solved. The approach outlined here wants to illustrate how ontologies [Gr93] could help to support the integration process
A Semantic-Based Information Management System to Support Innovative Product Design
International competition and the rapidly global economy, unified by improved communication and transportation, offer to the consumers an enormous choice of goods and services. The result is that companies now require quality, value, time to market and innovation to be successful in order to win the increasing competition. In the engineering sector this is traduced in need of optimization of the design process and in maximization of re-use of data and knowledge already existing in the company. The “SIMI-Pro” (Semantic Information Management system for Innovative Product design) system addresses specific deficiencies in the conceptual phase of product design when knowledge management, if applied, is often sectorial. Its main contribution is in allowing easy, fast and centralized collection of data from multiple sources and in supporting the retrieval and re-use of a wide range of data that will help stylists and engineers shortening the production cycle. SIMI-Pro will be one of the first prototypes to base its information management and its knowledge sharing system on process ontology and it will demonstrate how the use of centralized network systems, coupled with Semantic Web technologies, can improve inter-working activities and interdisciplinary knowledge sharing
Knowledge Organization Systems (KOS) in the Semantic Web: A Multi-Dimensional Review
Since the Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) specification and its
SKOS eXtension for Labels (SKOS-XL) became formal W3C recommendations in 2009 a
significant number of conventional knowledge organization systems (KOS)
(including thesauri, classification schemes, name authorities, and lists of
codes and terms, produced before the arrival of the ontology-wave) have made
their journeys to join the Semantic Web mainstream. This paper uses "LOD KOS"
as an umbrella term to refer to all of the value vocabularies and lightweight
ontologies within the Semantic Web framework. The paper provides an overview of
what the LOD KOS movement has brought to various communities and users. These
are not limited to the colonies of the value vocabulary constructors and
providers, nor the catalogers and indexers who have a long history of applying
the vocabularies to their products. The LOD dataset producers and LOD service
providers, the information architects and interface designers, and researchers
in sciences and humanities, are also direct beneficiaries of LOD KOS. The paper
examines a set of the collected cases (experimental or in real applications)
and aims to find the usages of LOD KOS in order to share the practices and
ideas among communities and users. Through the viewpoints of a number of
different user groups, the functions of LOD KOS are examined from multiple
dimensions. This paper focuses on the LOD dataset producers, vocabulary
producers, and researchers (as end-users of KOS).Comment: 31 pages, 12 figures, accepted paper in International Journal on
Digital Librarie
Indexing Languages for Information Management, a Promising Future or an Obsolete Resource?
Indexing languages have traditionally been an essential tool for organizing and retrieving documental information. The inclusion of indexing languages into the digital environment leads to new frontiers, but also new opportunities. This study shows the historical evolution of the indexing languages and its application in document management field. We analyze diverse trends for their digital use from two perspectives: their integration with other digital and linguistic resources, and the adjustment of them into the Web environment. Finally, there is an analysis of how these languages are used in the Web 2.0 and the incorporation of ontologies in the Semantic Web.This work was carried out within the framework of a research Project financed by the Spanish government (Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, Secretaría de Estado de Universidades e Investigación, TIN 2007-67153)
Tagging, Folksonomy & Co - Renaissance of Manual Indexing?
This paper gives an overview of current trends in manual indexing on the Web.
Along with a general rise of user generated content there are more and more
tagging systems that allow users to annotate digital resources with tags
(keywords) and share their annotations with other users. Tagging is frequently
seen in contrast to traditional knowledge organization systems or as something
completely new. This paper shows that tagging should better be seen as a
popular form of manual indexing on the Web. Difference between controlled and
free indexing blurs with sufficient feedback mechanisms. A revised typology of
tagging systems is presented that includes different user roles and knowledge
organization systems with hierarchical relationships and vocabulary control. A
detailed bibliography of current research in collaborative tagging is included.Comment: Preprint. 12 pages, 1 figure, 54 reference
Knowledge retrieval in aquatic ecology and fisheries: Do we need (and can we afford) ontologies?
pp. 25-3
Information Extraction Techniques for the Purposes of Semantic Indexing of Archaeological Resources
The paper describes the use of Information
Extraction (IE), a Natural Language Processing (NLP)
technique to assist ‘rich’ semantic indexing of diverse
archaeological text resources. Such unpublished online
documents are often referred to as ‘Grey Literature’.
Established document indexing techniques are not sufficient to
satisfy user information needs that expand beyond the limits of
a simple term matching search. The focus of the research is to
direct a semantic-aware 'rich' indexing of diverse natural
language resources with properties capable of satisfying
information retrieval from on-line publications and datasets
associated with the Semantic Technologies for Archaeological
Resources (STAR) project in the UoG Hypermedia Research
Unit.
The study proposes the use of knowledge resources and
conceptual models to assist an Information Extraction process
able to provide ‘rich’ semantic indexing of archaeological
documents capable of resolving linguistic ambiguities of
indexed terms. CRM CIDOC-EH, a standard core ontology in
cultural heritage, and the English Heritage (EH) Thesauri for
archaeological concepts are employed to drive the Information
Extraction process and to support the aims of a semantic
framework in which indexed terms are capable of supporting
semantic-aware access to on-line resources. The paper
describes the process of semantic indexing of archaeological
concepts (periods and finds) in a corpus of 535 grey literature
documents using a rule based Information Extraction
technique facilitated by the General Architecture of Text
Engineering (GATE) toolkit and expressed by Java Annotation
Pattern Engine (JAPE) rules. Illustrative examples
demonstrate the different stages of the process.
Initial results suggest that the combination of information
extraction with knowledge resources and standard core
conceptual models is capable of supporting semantic aware and
linguistically disambiguate term indexing
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