Chinese outline fonts support in X Window System.

by Raymond Cheuk-kuen Chen.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 157-160).Chapter 1. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.8Chapter 1.1. --- Windowing System --- p.8Chapter 1.2. --- Fonts --- p.10Chapter 1.2.1. --- Bitmap Fonts --- p.11Chapter 1.2.2. --- Outline Fonts --- p.12Chapter 1.3. --- Different font support models --- p.15Chapter 1.3.1. --- Supported by applications --- p.15Chapter 1.3.2. --- Supported by windowing system --- p.17Chapter 1.3.'3. --- Supported by a dedicated server --- p.19Chapter 1.4. --- Issues of Chinese Font Support --- p.20Chapter 2. --- OVERVIEW OF X WINDOW SYSTEM --- p.22Chapter 2.1. --- Introduction --- p.22Chapter 2.2. --- Architecture --- p.23Chapter 2.3. --- Font Management in the X Window System --- p.23Chapter 2.3.1. --- Before X Version 11 Release5 --- p.24Chapter 2.3.2. --- In X Version 11 Release5 --- p.25Chapter 2.3.3. --- Portable Compiled Format --- p.25Chapter 2.3.4. --- Font Server --- p.26Chapter 2.3.5. --- Font Management Library --- p.28Chapter 2.4. --- Internal Code --- p.29Chapter 3. --- CHINESE FONT SERVER --- p.30Chapter 3.1. --- Motivation --- p.30Chapter 3.2. --- Font Server Architecture --- p.31Chapter 3.2.1. --- Device Independent Font Server layer(DIFS) --- p.32Chapter 3.2.2. --- Operating System layer(OS) --- p.32Chapter 3.2.3. --- Font Management Library(FML) --- p.33Chapter 3.2.4. --- Font Path Element --- p.34Chapter 3.2.5. --- Font File Renderer --- p.35Chapter 3.2.6. --- Font server Renderer --- p.36Chapter 3.3. --- Implementation of Chinese Font Server --- p.36Chapter 3.3.1. --- Font data and code set --- p.36Chapter 3.3.2. --- Registering a new font reader --- p.38Chapter 3.3.3. --- Font specific functions --- p.42Chapter 3.3.4. --- Load-All Scheme --- p.43Chapter 3.3.5. --- Demand-Loading Scheme --- p.44Chapter 3.3.6. --- Embedding of font rasterizer --- p.44Chapter 3.4. --- Test Results --- p.45Chapter 3.4.1. --- X Application Tests --- p.45Chapter 3.4.2. --- Demand-Loading Test --- p.49Chapter 3.5. --- Some Remarks --- p.53Chapter 4. --- OVERVIEW OF PRINTING SYSTEM --- p.54Chapter 4.1. --- Motivation --- p.54Chapter 4.2. --- Design Considerations --- p.56Chapter 4.2.1. --- Modification of the X server --- p.56Chapter 4.2.2. --- Embed the printing system into the font server --- p.57Chapter 4.2.3. --- Distributed Architecture --- p.58Chapter 4.3. --- System Architecture --- p.60Chapter 4.4. --- Printer Server --- p.61Chapter 4.5. --- Font Server --- p.63Chapter 4.6. --- Printing Services Protocols --- p.63Chapter 4.7. --- X Window System Server --- p.65Chapter 4.8. --- Printer Server Library --- p.65Chapter 4.9. --- Client Applications --- p.65Chapter 5. --- DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A PRINTER SERVER --- p.67Chapter 5.1. --- Objects identification --- p.67Chapter 5.1.1. --- Dispatcher (dispatcher) --- p.68Chapter 5.1.2. --- Communication Channel (ComChannel) --- p.68Chapter 5.1.3. --- Font Cache Manager (FnCache) --- p.69Chapter 5.1.4. --- PrnFont (PrnFont) --- p.69Chapter 5.1.5. --- Per-Font Cache (CacheStruct) 一- --- p.70Chapter 5.1.6. --- Font Server (FnServer) --- p.71Chapter 5.1.7. --- Client Manager (LRUList) --- p.71Chapter 5.1.8. --- Client Record (ClientRec) --- p.71Chapter 5.1.9. --- Printer Driver (PrnDriver) --- p.71Chapter 5.1.10. --- Down Loaded Font Table (DownLoadedFont) --- p.72Chapter 5.1.11. --- Request Header (reqHeader) --- p.72Chapter 5.1.12. --- Generic Reply(replyGeneric) --- p.74Chapter 5.2. --- Objects Organization --- p.74Chapter 5.2.1. --- Server Control Subsystem --- p.75Chapter 5.2.2. --- Client Management Subsystem --- p.78Chapter 5.2.3. --- Request Handling Subsystem --- p.84Chapter 5.2.4. --- Font Managing Subsystem --- p.86Chapter 6. --- SAMPLE PRINTER DRIVER --- p.94Chapter 6.1. --- Printer Control Languages --- p.94Chapter 6.1.1. --- Structure of PCL Command --- p.95Chapter 6.1.2. --- PCL Command Example --- p.97Chapter 6.2. --- Printer Font Resources --- p.98Chapter 6.3. --- Traditional Font Handling Methods in a Printer Driver --- p.99Chapter 6.4. --- Soft Font Creation in PCL Printer --- p.101Chapter 6.4.1. --- Font ID number --- p.102Chapter 6.4.2. --- Font Descriptor --- p.102Chapter 6.4.3. --- Character Code - --- p.104Chapter 6.4.4. --- Character Descriptor --- p.105Chapter 6.4.5. --- Character Bitmap Data --- p.107Chapter 6.5. --- New font downloading schemes for double-byte fonts --- p.107Chapter 6.5.1. --- Terminology --- p.108Chapter 6.5.2. --- Underlying Concepts of Algorithm One --- p.109Chapter 6.5.3. --- Algorithm One --- p.111Chapter 6.5.3.1. --- Code Mapping --- p.112Chapter 6.5.3.2. --- Example --- p.114Chapter 6.5.3.3. --- Memory Consideration --- p.115Chapter 6.5.4. --- Algorithm Two --- p.117Chapter 7. --- EXPERIMENT RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS --- p.121Chapter 7.1. --- Cache Test --- p.121Chapter 7.2. --- Printer Driver Test --- p.125Chapter 7.2.1. --- Testing with 10 points font --- p.126Chapter 7.2.2. --- Testing with 12 points font --- p.129Chapter 7.2.3. --- Testing with 15 points font --- p.131Chapter 7.2.4. --- Testing with 18 points font --- p.134Chapter 7.3. --- Time Measurement --- p.136Chapter 7.4. --- Discussion --- p.139Chapter 7.5. --- Further Improvement --- p.143Chapter 8. --- CONCLUSIONS --- p.145APPENDIX A. PRINTER DRIVER CLASS --- p.147APPENDIX B. SAMPLE OUTPUT --- p.149REFERENCES --- p.15

A software assistant for manual stereo photometrology

A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of Science in Engineering.A software package was written under the X Window System, Version 11, to assist in manual stereopsis of multiple views. The package enables multiple high resolution (2000 by 1500 pixels and higher) black and white photographs to be viewed simultaneously. Images have adjustable zoom windows which can be manipulated with the pointing device. The zoom windows enlarge to many times the resolution of the image enabling sub-pixel measurements to be extrapolated by the operator. A user-friendly interface allows for fast pinhole camera calibration (from known 3D calibration points) and enables three dimensional lines, circles, grids, cylinders and planes to be fitted to markers specified by the user. These geometric objects are automatically rendered in 3D for comparison with the images. The camera calibration is performed using an iterative optimisation algorithm which also tries multiple combinations of omitted calibration points. This allows for some fault tolerance of the algorithm with respect to erroneous calibration points. Vector mathematics for the geometrical fits is derived. The calibration is shown to converge on a variety of photographs from actual plant surveys. In an artificial test on an array of constructed 3D coordinate markers, absolute accuracy was found to be 1 mm (standard deviation of the Euclidean error) for a distance of 2.5 meters from a standard 35 mm camera. This translates to an error of 1.6 pixels in the scanned views. Lens distortion was assumed to be negligible, except for aspect ratio distortion which was calibrated for. Finally. to demonstrate the efficacy of the package, a 3D model was reconstructed from ten photographs of a human face, taken from different angles.AC201

Ruin probabilities with dependence on the number of claims within a fixed time window

We analyse the ruin probabilities for a renewal insurance risk process with inter-arrival time distributions depending on the claims that arrived within a fixed (past) time window. This dependence could be explained through a regenerative structure. The main inspiration of the model comes from the Bonus-Malus feature. We discuss first asymptotic results of ruin probabilities for different regimes of claim distributions. For numerical results, we recognise an embedded Markov additive process. Via an appropriate change of measure, ruin probabilities could be computed to a closed form formulae. Additionally, we present simulated results via the importance sampling method, which further permit an in-depth analysis of a few concrete cases