6,964 research outputs found
Do Chatbots Dream of Androids? Prospects for the Technological Development of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
The article discusses the main trends in the development of artificial intelligence systems and robotics (AI&R). The main question that is considered in this context is whether artificial systems are going to become more and more anthropomorphic, both intellectually and physically. In the current article, the author analyzes the current state and prospects of technological development of artificial intelligence and robotics, and also determines the main aspects of the impact of these technologies on society and economy, indicating the geopolitical strategic nature of this influence. The author considers various approaches to the definition of artificial intelligence and robotics, focusing on the subject-oriented and functional ones. It also compares AI&R abilities and human abilities in areas such as categorization, pattern recognition, planning and decision making, etc. Based on this comparison, we investigate in which areas AI&Râs performance is inferior to a human, and in which cases it is superior to one. The modern achievements in the field of robotics and artificial intelligence create the necessary basis for further discussion of the applicability of goal setting in engineering, in the form of a Turing test. It is shown that development of AI&R is associated with certain contradictions that impede the application of Turingâs methodology in its usual format. The basic contradictions in the development of AI&R technologies imply that there is to be a transition to a post-Turing methodology for assessing engineering implementations of artificial intelligence and robotics. In such implementations, on the one hand, the âTuring wallâ is removed, and on the other hand, artificial intelligence gets its physical implementation
Nontrivial quantum effects in biology: A skeptical physicists' view
Invited contribution to "Quantum Aspects of Life", D. Abbott Ed. (World
Scientific, Singapore, 2007).Comment: 15 pages, minor typographical errors correcte
Technofixing the Future: Ethical Side Effects of Using AI and Big Data to meet the SDGs
While the use of smart information systems (the combination of AI and Big Data) offer great potential for meeting many of the UNâs Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), they also raise a number of ethical challenges in their implementation. Through the use of six empirical case studies, this paper will examine potential ethical issues relating to use of SIS to meet the challenges in six of the SDGs (2, 3, 7, 8, 11, and 12). The paper will show that often a simple âtechnofixâ, such as through the use of SIS, is not sufficient and may exacerbate, or create new, issues for the development community using SIS
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Emotional Biosensing: Exploring Critical Alternatives
Emotional biosensing is rising in daily life: Data and categories claim to know how people feel and suggest what they should do about it, while CSCW explores new biosensing possibilities. Prevalent approaches to emotional biosensing are too limited, focusing on the individual, optimization, and normative categorization. Conceptual shifts can help explore alternatives: toward materiality, from representation toward performativity, inter-action to intra-action, shifting biopolitics, and shifting affect/desire. We contribute (1) synthesizing wide-ranging conceptual lenses, providing analysis connecting them to emotional biosensing design, (2) analyzing selected design exemplars to apply these lenses to design research, and (3) offering our own recommendations for designers and design researchers. In particular we suggest humility in knowledge claims with emotional biosensing, prioritizing care and affirmation over self- improvement, and exploring alternative desires. We call for critically questioning and generatively re- imagining the role of data in configuring sensing, feeling, âthe good life,â and everyday experience
Spurious, Emergent Laws in Number Worlds
We study some aspects of the emergence of logos from chaos on a basal model
of the universe using methods and techniques from algorithmic information and
Ramsey theories. Thereby an intrinsic and unusual mixture of meaningful and
spurious, emerging laws surfaces. The spurious, emergent laws abound, they can
be found almost everywhere. In accord with the ancient Greek theogony one could
say that logos, the Gods and the laws of the universe, originate from "the
void," or from chaos, a picture which supports the unresolvable/irreducible
lawless hypothesis. The analysis presented in this paper suggests that the
"laws" discovered in science correspond merely to syntactical correlations, are
local and not universal.Comment: 24 pages, invited contribution to "Contemporary Natural Philosophy
and Philosophies - Part 2" - Special Issue of the journal Philosophie
Middlewareâs message : the financial technics of codata
In this paper, I will argue for the relevance of certain distinctive features of messaging systems, namely those in which data (a) can be sent and received asynchronously, (b) can be sent to multiple simultaneous recipients and (c) is received as a âpotentially infiniteâ flow of unpredictable events. I will describe the social technology of the stock ticker, a telegraphic device introduced at the New York Stock Exchange in the 1860s, with reference to early twentieth century philosophers of synchronous experience (Bergson), simultaneous sign interpretations (Mead and Peirce), and flows of discrete events (Bachelard). Then, I will show how the tickerâs data flows developed into the 1990s-era technologies of message queues and message brokers, which distinguished themselves through their asynchronous implementation of ticker-like message feeds sent between otherwise incompatible computers and terminals. These latter systemsâ characteristic âpublish/subscribeâ communication pattern was one in which conceptually centralized (if logically distributed) flows of messages would be âpublished,â and for which âsubscribersâ would be spontaneously notified when events of interest occurred. This paradigmâcommon to the so-called âmessage-oriented middlewareâ systems of the late 1990sâwould re-emerge in different asynchronous distributed system contexts over the following decades, from âpush mediaâ to Twitter to the Internet of Things
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