2,545 research outputs found
ClouNS - A Cloud-native Application Reference Model for Enterprise Architects
The capability to operate cloud-native applications can generate enormous
business growth and value. But enterprise architects should be aware that
cloud-native applications are vulnerable to vendor lock-in. We investigated
cloud-native application design principles, public cloud service providers, and
industrial cloud standards. All results indicate that most cloud service
categories seem to foster vendor lock-in situations which might be especially
problematic for enterprise architectures. This might sound disillusioning at
first. However, we present a reference model for cloud-native applications that
relies only on a small subset of well standardized IaaS services. The reference
model can be used for codifying cloud technologies. It can guide technology
identification, classification, adoption, research and development processes
for cloud-native application and for vendor lock-in aware enterprise
architecture engineering methodologies
Ironman: Open Source Containers and Virtualization in bare metal
Trabalho de projeto de mestrado, Engenharia Informática (Engenharia de Software) Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2021Computer virtualization has become prevalent throughout the years for both business and personal use. It allows for hosting new machines, on computational resources that are left unused, running as independent computers. Apart from the traditional virtual machines, a more recent form of virtualization was introduced and will be explored in this project, containers, more specifically Linux Containers. While multiple virtualization tools are available, some of them require a premium payment, while others do not support container virtualization. For this project, LXD, an open source virtual instance manager, will be used to manage both virtual machines and containers. For added service availability, clustering support will also be developed. Clustering will enable multiple physical computers to host virtual instances as if they were a single machine. Coupled with the Ceph storage back end it allows for data to be replicated across all computers in the same cluster, enabling instance recovery when a computer from the cluster is faulty. The infrastructure deployment tool Puppet will be used to automate the installation and configuration of an LXD virtualization system for both a clustered and non clustered environment. This allows for simple and automatic physical host configuration limiting the required user input and thus decreasing the possibilities of system misconfiguration. LXD was tested for both environments and ultimately considered an effective virtualization tool, which when configured accordingly can be productized for a production environment
ARM Wrestling with Big Data: A Study of Commodity ARM64 Server for Big Data Workloads
ARM processors have dominated the mobile device market in the last decade due
to their favorable computing to energy ratio. In this age of Cloud data centers
and Big Data analytics, the focus is increasingly on power efficient
processing, rather than just high throughput computing. ARM's first commodity
server-grade processor is the recent AMD A1100-series processor, based on a
64-bit ARM Cortex A57 architecture. In this paper, we study the performance and
energy efficiency of a server based on this ARM64 CPU, relative to a comparable
server running an AMD Opteron 3300-series x64 CPU, for Big Data workloads.
Specifically, we study these for Intel's HiBench suite of web, query and
machine learning benchmarks on Apache Hadoop v2.7 in a pseudo-distributed
setup, for data sizes up to files, web pages and tuples. Our
results show that the ARM64 server's runtime performance is comparable to the
x64 server for integer-based workloads like Sort and Hive queries, and only
lags behind for floating-point intensive benchmarks like PageRank, when they do
not exploit data parallelism adequately. We also see that the ARM64 server
takes the energy, and has an Energy Delay Product (EDP) that
is lower than the x64 server. These results hold promise for ARM64
data centers hosting Big Data workloads to reduce their operational costs,
while opening up opportunities for further analysis.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Proceedings of the 24th IEEE
International Conference on High Performance Computing, Data, and Analytics
(HiPC), 201
A Low Cost Two-Tier Architecture Model For High Availability Clusters Application Load Balancing
This article proposes a design and implementation of a low cost two-tier
architecture model for high availability cluster combined with load-balancing
and shared storage technology to achieve desired scale of three-tier
architecture for application load balancing e.g. web servers. The research work
proposes a design that physically omits Network File System (NFS) server nodes
and implements NFS server functionalities within the cluster nodes, through Red
Hat Cluster Suite (RHCS) with High Availability (HA) proxy load balancing
technologies. In order to achieve a low-cost implementation in terms of
investment in hardware and computing solutions, the proposed architecture will
be beneficial. This system intends to provide steady service despite any system
components fails due to uncertainly such as network system, storage and
applications.Comment: Load balancing, high availability cluster, web server cluster
On the Benefit of Virtualization: Strategies for Flexible Server Allocation
Virtualization technology facilitates a dynamic, demand-driven allocation and
migration of servers. This paper studies how the flexibility offered by network
virtualization can be used to improve Quality-of-Service parameters such as
latency, while taking into account allocation costs. A generic use case is
considered where both the overall demand issued for a certain service (for
example, an SAP application in the cloud, or a gaming application) as well as
the origins of the requests change over time (e.g., due to time zone effects or
due to user mobility), and we present online and optimal offline strategies to
compute the number and location of the servers implementing this service. These
algorithms also allow us to study the fundamental benefits of dynamic resource
allocation compared to static systems. Our simulation results confirm our
expectations that the gain of flexible server allocation is particularly high
in scenarios with moderate dynamics
- …