Photovoltaic power system simulation for small industry area

In this paper, modeling and simulation of 1MW grid connected PV system is simulated using National Renewable Energy Laboratory's (NREL) HOMER software, and the optimum system is analyzed to see the economic feasibility of the system in a small industry area in Malacca, Malaysia. The system is expected to foresee reduced grid energy consumption. Emphasis is also placed on reduction of green house gases emission. HOMER will simulate the system and perform optimization of system according to the available usage data and the available renewable energy (sun radiation) data. The lifecycle and cost of each system modules will also affect the optimization duly. In addition, HOMER also performs optimizations according to different assumption of uncertain factors to gauge the effect of sensitivity list

An efficient program for modeling, control and optimization of hybrid renewable-conventional energy systems

-In this paper, a generic and an efficient model for hybrid renewable-conventional electrical energy systems is presented. This simulation model is successfully validated by means of HOMER. Moreover, two control strategies for electrical power dispatch are described. Furthermore, an optimization problem is formulated and solved, using Genetic algorithm technique, for optimizing the size of system components where the overall cost of the system is minimized. Four case studies are investigated. The results show a dependence of the size of the system components on the meteorological characteristics of the area under consideration, which validate the proposed methodology

Optimization of the small-scale off-grid PV systems using HOMER

The object of this project is to optimize a PV power system for a domestic application by using the software HOMER. First, we have analyzed the different types of PV systems in reference to the relationship with the grid. Then, we have chosen the most suitable option for our application. In our case, the choice has been an off-grid system. The off-grid PV system has been developed with the software HOMER. This software requires you to add the loads, components and resources which take part in the system you want to design. For the loads you can introduce your consumption measured data or model it with HOMER. The software can also model the loads by using its database and give the typical values of consumption for each month or type of building and also simulate the typical variations of consumption in a day. For the components, HOMER has a big list of components, since generators of all kinds, to storage systems and some types of electronic components. For the components you have to introduce the cost of each one and after you can fix the quantity or select the option of HOMER optimization which gives you the best option. Then you have to introduce the resources. It allows you to introduce your own data or use its database. HOMER has a tool which lets you to get the data of temperature, wind and sun of your installation only by introducing your location. Once we have designed our system, HOMER allows you to simulate the installation and with its database and its algorithms gives you the optimized solution. This solution is the cheapest possible configuration of components which allows you to accomplish the required necessities of the system. In our simulation we have analyzed also the influence of the capacity shortage in our system. The capacity shortage is measured in a percentage respect the whole year and it represents the moments when the installation does not satisfy the energy requirements of the loads. We have seen that as high is the value of the capacity shortage less is the cost of the installation. So for designing the installation we have to choose or accomplish the requirements of the load in all instants of the year or not satisfy the energy necessities of in a few moments and save a big quantity of money. Key words: PV off-grid system, HOMER, simulation software, optimized solution, capacity shortage

Preliminary Study of Renewable Energy System in Maratua Island to Support Maratua be Renewable Energy Iconic Island

Maratua Island is a strategic island in Indonesia and has big potential of tourism, but its electrification ratio is merely about 37.03 %. The preliminary study was aimed to design hybrid system combining fossil-based energy technology and renewable energy for Maratua Island. The preliminary study applies HOMER version 2.68 beta. HOMER is a computer model that simplifies the task of designing hybrid renewable microgrids, whether remote or attached to a larger grid. The hybrid system with a lowest total of NPC (Net Present Cost) is the system combining diesel powerplant and photovoltaics with battery. Keywords: Electricity; homer; maratua; renewable energy

Homer/vesl proteins and their roles in CNS neurons

Since their initial discovery in 1997, Homer/Vesl proteins have become increasingly investigated as putative regulators of receptor and ion-channel function in the central nervous system. Within a relatively brief period, numerous research reports have described manifold effects of Homer proteins, including the modulation of the trafficking of type I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), axonal pathfinding, mGluR coupling to calcium and potassium channels, agonist-independent mGluR activity, ryanodine receptor regulation, locomotor activity, and behavioral plasticity. This review summarizes our current knowledge on the induction, expression, and structure of the various forms of Homer proteins, as well as their roles in neuronal function. In addition, we provide an outlook on novel developments with regard to the involvement of Homer-1a in hippocampal synaptic functio

Economic Analysis Comparison between Solar Photovoltaic and Diesel Generator for Water Pumping System in an Indonesia Rural Karsts Area

Photovoltaic and diesel generator are two types of small generator often used in remote areas in Indonesia. One of remote area in Indonesia that has ever used both systems in water pumping system is Purwodadi Village, Tepus district located at karsts area of Gunungkidul. The economical comparison between both technologies will be analyzed using lifecycle cost calculation and HOMER simulation. The analysis shows that using photovoltaic for water pumping system only spend 3/4 times of diesel generator cost. On the other hand, HOMER analysis shows that the cost of energy value for photovoltaic usage is 0.312 $/kWh, and cost of energy value for diesel generator is 0.390$/kWh. Keywords: diesel generator; homer; photovoltaic; water pumpin

A System for Controlling, Monitoring and Programming the Home

As technology becomes ever more pervasive, the challenges of home automation are increasingly apparent. Seamless home control, home monitoring and home programming by the end user have yet to enter the mainstream. This could be attributed to the challenge of developing a fully autonomous and extensible home system that can support devices and technologies of differing protocols and functionalities. In order to offer programming facilities to the user, the underlying rule system must be fully independent, allowing support for current and future devices. Additional challenges arise from the need to detect and handle conflicts that may arise among user rules and yield undesirable results. Non-technical individuals typically struggle when faced with a programming task. It is therefore vital to encourage and ease the process of programming the home. This thesis presents Homer, a home system that has been developed to support three key features of a home system: control, monitoring and programming. Homer supports any third-party hardware or software service that can expose its functionality through Java and conform to the Homer interface. Stand-alone end user interfaces can be written by developers to offer any of Homer's functionality. Where policies (i.e. rules) for the home are concerned, Homer offers a fully independent policy system. The thesis presents a custom policy language, Homeric, that has been designed specifically for writing home rules. The Homer policy system detects overlaps and conflicts among rules using constraint satisfaction and the effect on environment variables. The thesis also introduces the notion of perspectives to ease user interactivity. These have been integrated into Homer to accommodate the range of ways in which a user may think about different aspects and features of their home. These perspectives include location, device type, time and people-oriented points of view. Design guidelines are also discussed to aid end user programming of the home. The work presented in this thesis demonstrates a system that supports control, monitoring and programming of the home. Developers can quickly and easily add functionality to the home through components. Conflicts can be detected amongst rules within the home. Finally, design guidelines and a prototype interface have been developed to allow both technically minded and non-technical people to program their home

Redesigning Solar Water Pumping System at Giricahyo, Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta: HOMER Analysis Approach

HOMER, the software for micro-power applicable as renewable energy optimization, was used to analyze solar water pumping system based on deferrable-load and primary-load methods at Giricahyo. The 12 kWp solar PV and 30 kW generator were used to power the standing-aline system.. Unfortunately, the system has been idle since 2010. Research to redesign and analyse solar water pumping system has been conducted by Ministry of Public Works together with the Department of Physics Engineering UGM to bring it into normally. Furthermore, this study was aimed to obtain recommendation and to conduct analysis on system performance using HOMER. As a result in deferrable-load method, generator is inappropriate to be implemented because fossil fuel will be very expensive and rare. Besides, the 12 kWp Solar PV could meet 31.4 % of demand load. In primary-load method, capacity shortage of 1.5 kW pump is at 3.2 % and 3 kW pump is at 9.9 % which means that to deal with fluctuation of solar radiation the use of the 1.5 kW pumps were recommended. The demand that can be fulfilled by 1.5 kW pump is at 22.4 %. Keywords: capacity shortage; giricahyo; HOMER; redesign; solar water supply system

Ecotourism of Tropical Regions with Renewable Energy Perspective in Indonesia

Indonesia is archipelago country with natural resources and population 230 million in 2010. The natural resources areas are mining, forestry, natural tourism. Indonesia has much natural tourism without electricity. At this time, the issues about electricity are growing rapidly. Renewable energy system is most contribution to generate electricity. Photovoltaic and wind turbine are usually for renewable energy system in tropical region. HOMER Energy software system is used to simulate the model of ecotourism with renewable energy system. In future can be used as a reference in the development of renewable energy based Ecotourism Island in Indonesia Keywords : Ecotourism; HOMER Energy; renewable energy; wind turbin