Цифровая публичная библиотека Америки: начало длинного пути

The article analyzes the development of the Digital Public Library of America (DPLA), an open distributed network of online resources intended to unite the intellectual heritage of the United States. Particular attention is paid to the development of the concept of national digital library as a unified platform of distributed resources. There is analyzed in detail the organizational strategy, underlying the DPLA development as a growing network of service centers (service hubs) and content centers (content hubs). Universal free access to the DPLA resources is provided by using universal open codes. As network library system that combines online geographically remote resources, DPLA is actively using the interactive potential of modern information and communication technologies, for example, geolocation service. The article analyzes the dynamics of DPLA development in the context of national and international cooperation in terms of further improvement of the new information paradigm of digital libraries. Interaction with other digital libraries, the new format of providing information services (in particular, the mobile version of the library website), free access to the presented collections and open codes, enabling the user to actively participate in the development of the resource — all this makes DPLA a full link of the electronic civilization. Статья посвящена развитию Цифровой публичной библиотеки Америки (Digital Public Library of America, DPLA), открытой распределенной сети онлайновых ресурсов, нацеленной на объединение интеллектуального наследия США. Особое внимание уделяется разработке концепции национальной цифровой библиотеки как единой платформы распределенных ресурсов. Подробно описана организационная стратегия, положенная в основу развития DPLA как растущей сети сервисных центров и центров по контенту. Всеобщий свободный доступ к ресурсам DPLA обеспечивается с помощью универсальных открытых кодов. Как сетевая библиотечная система, объединяющая в онлайновом режиме территориально удаленные ресурсы, DPLA активно использует интерактивный потенциал современных информационно-коммуникативных технологий, например, применяет сервис геолокации. Анализируется деятельность DPLA в контексте общенационального и международного сотрудничества в плане дальнейшего совершенствования новой информационной парадигмы электронных библиотек. Взаимодействия с другими цифровыми библиотеками, новый формат предоставления информационных услуг (в частности, адаптированная для мобильного телефона версия веб-сайта библиотеки), свободный доступ к представленным коллекциям и открытые коды, дающие возможность пользователю активно участвовать в развитии ресурса — все это делает DPLA полноправным звеном электронной цивилизации.

Digital Public Library of America Service Hub Social Media Usage Analysis

This paper examines the social media of a number of organizations that contribute records to the Digital Public Library of America (DPLA), known as hubs, in order to see if there are any trends or common strategies that hubs deployed in social media that may reveal new information about social media usage, digital collections promotion, and/ or outreach by organizations involved in a national distributed digital library. Twitter is the most popular choice among social media platforms with 19 of 27 hubs surveyed actively or formerly tweeting. Facebook is second with 15 active accounts. Other platforms used by hubs include Tumblr, Instagram, Pinterest, and Flickr, though only a handful or hubs rely on these platforms. Content generally does not vary significantly across the several social media accounts; most hubs with multiple social media accounts share the same general content in each platform on or around the same date and time with minor tweaks appropriate to the specific platform (such as shortened versions of text in Facebook posts for Tweets in order to adhere to Twitter’s strict character limits). Most social media feeds received a good deal of interaction from users, in the form of likes, retweets, shares, re-pins, reblogs, etc. but very few consistently sparked comments by users and even fewer saw interactions among users or users and staff. While service hubs are primarily concerned with digital object metadata aggregation, most of their social media accounts demonstrate that digital object sharing is only a part of their content and priorities. Only Tumblr, Pinterest, and Flickr accounts are consistently devoted to almost entirely digital object or collection sharing. Other social media accounts are dedicated to this and other content, such as sharing information useful to hub providers or users, promotion of events, projects, or products, posts based around exigent events such as holidays or important moments in history, or posts purely for entertainment.Ope

Shared Collection Development, Digitization, and Owned Digital Collections

While library models already exist for sharing physical materials and joint licensing, this paper envisions an aspect of future collections involving a national digital collection owned, not licensed, by libraries. Collaborative collection development, digitization, and digital object management of owned collections can benefit societies in multiple ways, from expanding access to users otherwise unable to reach these materials, to preserving content even when disaster strikes, to reducing duplication of effort and expense in collection or digitization. This article will explore both the benefits of and the challenges to this type of collaboration

Copyright implications for the aggregation of audiovisual content in Greece

Purpose: This paper aims to attempt to provide an overview of the copyright legal framework for audiovisual resources in Europe and Greece, how Audiovisual (AV) content is currently licensed by Greek providers and how licenses or copyright exceptions enable its reuse. The motivation for this work was the development of an aggregation service for audiovisual resources in Greece, the Open AudioVisual Archives (OAVA) platform. Design/methodology/approach: Copyright licenses and exceptions in the European Union and in Greek Legislation have been thoroughly reviewed along with the reuse of content, based on the terms of Fair Use, Rights Statements and Creative Commons. Licensing issues for the most well-known aggregation services, such as Europeana, Digital Public Library of America, Trove, Digital New Zealand and the National Digital Library of India, have also been studied and considered. Audiovisual content providers in Greece have been recorded, and their licensing preferences have been analyzed. Pearson’s chi-square test was applied to test the relationship between the provider’s type, resources’ genre and licenses used. Findings: Despite the abundance of copyright legislation in the European Union and in Greece, audiovisual content providers in Greece seem to ignore it or find it difficult to choose the right license. More than half of them choose to publish their resources on popular audiovisual platforms using the default licensing option provided. Creative Commons licenses are preferred for audiovisual content that falls into the following categories: open courses (almost exclusively) and interviews and digital collection/research projects (about half of the content). Originality/value: This paper examines audiovisual content aggregation, in the EU and Greece, from a legal point of view. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first attempt to record and analyze the licensing preferences of Greek AV content providers

New wine in old bottles: current developments in digital delivery and dissemination

The purpose of this paper is to identify and assess current developments in scholarly publishing in Europe. Current models for disseminating content have limitations and Open Access models of publishing have been endorsed by the European Universities Association. The Harvard mandate for the deposit of materials in Open Access repositories is a bold new development, and the community is watching it with interest. It is possible that e-books may be the next large form of content to be made available to the user. Users certainly express interest in using this form of material. However, current library systems need to be developed in order to cope with this mass of new content. E-theses, available in Open Access from institutional repositories, are a form of content that is made much more visible than the paper equivalents. The DART-Europe portal, supported by LIBER (Association of European Research Libraries) currently provides access to 100,000 research theses in 150 European Universities. At an institutional and academic level, however, much remains to be done to embed Open Access into the landscape: the current situation is described in a new report for UCL (University College London), produced by RAND Europe

Digital Preservation and Access of Natural Resources Documents

Digitization and preservation of natural resource documents were reviewed and the current status of digitization presented for a North American university. It is important to present the status of the digitation process for natural resources and to advocate for increased collections of digital material for ease of reference and exchange of information. Digital collections need to include both published documents and ancillary material for research projects and data for future use and interpretation. The methods in this paper can be applied to other natural resource collections increasing their use and distribution. The process of decision making for documents and their preservation and inclusion in ScholarWorks is presented as a part of the Forest Sciences Commons as a subset of the Life Sciences Commons of the Digital Commons Open Network launched and maintained by bepress. Digitization has increased the roles and skillsets needed for librarians and from libraries. This creates new challenges and opportunities for the library as publisher and as an advocate for open access. Digital curation melds together digitization and knowledge management and enhances community engagement. Digitization of collections are reviewed and natural resource documentation presented for faculty publications, Research Projects and Centers, eBooks, Journals, Galleries and electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs). Recommendations are made to increase the digital curation of the collection by encouraging community participation and use. Digital archives are important to natural resource professionals as society-ready natural resource graduates need to deal effectively with complex ecological, economic and social issues of current natural resources management. Natural resource research for the future needs to ensure that professionals have a greater breath of knowledge as they interpret and apply new knowledge, understanding, and technology to complex, transdisciplinary social and biological issues and challenges

The Information Commons: a public policy report

This report describes the history of the information commons, presents examples of online commons that provide new ways to store and deliver information, and concludes with policy recommendations. Available in PDF and HTML versions.BRENNAN CENTER FOR JUSTICE at NYU SCHOOL OF LAW Democracy Program, Free Expression Policy Project 161 Avenue of the Americas, 12th floor New York NY 10013 Phone: (212) 998-6730 Web site: www.brennancenter.org Free Expression Policy Project: www.fepproject.or

In Search of a New Model: Library Resource Sharing in China - A Comparative Study

This paper reviews the framework of library resource sharing (LRS) in China and examines, from a comparative perspective, cases of recent development, particularly in the 1990s and early 2000s. Highlights include: (1) historical review of LRS in the U.S. and China, particularly in the areas of print union catalogs and union lists, online bibliographic utilities, and interlibrary loan; (2) literature review of Chinese publications, and LRS issues and challenges in China; (3) Analysis of three LRS models to provide a contextual grasp of a paradigm shift taking place in China; and (4) comparative analysis of LRS objectives, structure, and governance, etc., in the U.S. and China. The study also underscores the imperative for building a national digital library system in China to gain a competitive edge in resource sharing and to support the country’s rapid social and economic growth. At this stage of development, the success of China Academic Library & Information System provides a convincing argument for a national digital library system with its methods of governing, financing, and development

The Information Commons: a public policy report

This report describes the history of the information commons, presents examples of online commons that provide new ways to store and deliver information, and concludes with policy recommendations. Available in PDF and HTML versions.BRENNAN CENTER FOR JUSTICE at NYU SCHOOL OF LAW Democracy Program, Free Expression Policy Project 161 Avenue of the Americas, 12th floor New York NY 10013 Phone: (212) 998-6730 Web site: www.brennancenter.org Free Expression Policy Project: www.fepproject.or