Role of Information Communication Technology (ICT) in Nepalese Banking Industry

Public and private sectors, organization has been keen to harness the potential of ICT to enhance its administrative, managerial and clinical performance. Successful implementation of the new technology depended upon acceptance by organizational member targets as its end-users. The experiment is done by the help of both primary and secondary data. Primary data have been collected from the structured questionnaire developed for the employee of the bank and the customers. Secondary data have been collected from the website of Nepal Rasta Bank, ICT related journals, banking articles and other published sources. The study purpose is to gain a more complete understanding of the change management factors affecting the acceptance of the. The present study was aimed to explore the prevailing status of the use of ICT in commercial banking services, assess the extent of perceived benefits of the use of ICT and analyze the key problems and their corrective measures so as to leverage the use of ICT in commercial banking in the country. The study found explores the banking sector using the information and technology. The study helps to provide the information about the corns and pros of using information and communication technology in the present context of Nepalese banking sector

Family finds a way : experiences of multigenerational transnational new Chinese immigrant families in New Zealand : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Massey University, Albany, New Zealand

Listed in 2021 Dean's List of Exceptional ThesesThe Immigration Act 1987 fundamentally transformed New Zealand’s immigration policy from one that was race-based to one based on economic needs of New Zealand society. It opened the borders to immigrants from much wider regions. As a result of this “open-door” immigration policy, a substantial new Chinese immigrant community from the People’s Republic of China (PRC) was established in New Zealand. Building a closely-tied multigenerational family is an important feature of family life for this immigrant group. Often, multiple generations live together or within close proximity with one another in highly interdependent relationships. However, a growing number have also started to maintain their family lives transnationally, with different family members across generations living apart but maintaining close ties, with frequent interactions across national borders. Given this transnational family arrangement is very different from Chinese traditional practices of family maintenance, the impact of this change on the wellbeing and functioning of these families and their individual family members is an issue of increasing academic interest. This thesis responds to these concerns and explores the relationship between people’s experiences of transnational migration and their multigenerational family dynamics. Through engaging with individual life stories and perspectives of 45 participants across generations from new PRC immigrant families living in New Zealand, this thesis seeks to understand how those families with closely-tied multiple generations cope with dislocation and relocation during the process of transnational migration. It also investigates how transnational migration experiences contribute to new emergent domestic dynamics, including the development of new strategies and practices to maintain family traditions, interests and coherence across national borders, as well as shifting intergenerational relationships. The empirical data demonstrates that despite the increasing proportion of new PRC families living transnationally, their experiences of managing family lives vary. I argue that this diversification of transnational family experiences is largely attributed to the interaction of various impact factors associated with both the internal dynamics of immigrant families themselves and external contexts where those families are closely related. My research also attests that family members’ transnational migration experiences accelerate changes to the way they perform family life, particularly amplifying intergenerational differences and altering intergenerational dependency. Even though those changes introduce vital challenges towards multigenerational family maintenance and coherence, my research reveals that families are resilient and able to actively forge multistranded resources as well as engage various transnational activities in response to those challenges. While this thesis poses intriguing perspectives and culturally-specific scenarios to study immigrant families in New Zealand society, more importantly, it also contributes to the broad theorisation of transnational family formation and maintenance in the increasingly globalised world

Family finds a way: experiences of multigenerational transnational new Chinese immigrant families in New Zealand

The Immigration Act 1987 fundamentally transformed New Zealand’s immigration policy from one that was race-based to one based on economic needs of New Zealand society. It opened the borders to immigrants from much wider regions. As a result of this “open-door” immigration policy, a substantial new Chinese immigrant community from the People’s Republic of China (PRC) was established in New Zealand. Building a closely-tied multigenerational family is an important feature of family life for this immigrant group. Often, multiple generations live together or within close proximity with one another in highly interdependent relationships. However, a growing number have also started to maintain their family lives transnationally, with different family members across generations living apart but maintaining close ties, with frequent interactions across national borders. Given this transnational family arrangement is very different from Chinese traditional practices of family maintenance, the impact of this change on the wellbeing and functioning of these families and their individual family members is an issue of increasing academic interest. This thesis responds to these concerns and explores the relationship between people’s experiences of transnational migration and their multigenerational family dynamics. Through engaging with individual life stories and perspectives of 45 participants across generations from new PRC immigrant families living in New Zealand, this thesis seeks to understand how those families with closely-tied multiple generations cope with dislocation and relocation during the process of transnational migration. It also investigates how transnational migration experiences contribute to new emergent domestic dynamics, including the development of new strategies and practices to maintain family traditions, interests and coherence across national borders, as well as shifting intergenerational relationships. The empirical data demonstrates that despite the increasing proportion of new PRC families living transnationally, their experiences of managing family lives vary. I argue that this diversification of transnational family experiences is largely attributed to the interaction of various impact factors associated with both the internal dynamics of immigrant families themselves and external contexts where those families are closely related. My research also attests that family members’ transnational migration experiences accelerate changes to the way they perform family life, particularly amplifying intergenerational differences and altering intergenerational dependency. Even though those changes introduce vital challenges towards multigenerational family maintenance and coherence, my research reveals that families are resilient and able to actively forge multistranded resources as well as engage various transnational activities in response to those challenges. While this thesis poses intriguing perspectives and culturally-specific scenarios to study immigrant families in New Zealand society, more importantly, it also contributes to the broad theorisation of transnational family formation and maintenance in the increasingly globalised world

Family finds a way: experiences of multigenerational transnational new Chinese immigrant families in New Zealand

The Immigration Act 1987 fundamentally transformed New Zealand’s immigration policy from one that was race-based to one based on economic needs of New Zealand society. It opened the borders to immigrants from much wider regions. As a result of this “open-door” immigration policy, a substantial new Chinese immigrant community from the People’s Republic of China (PRC) was established in New Zealand. Building a closely-tied multigenerational family is an important feature of family life for this immigrant group. Often, multiple generations live together or within close proximity with one another in highly interdependent relationships. However, a growing number have also started to maintain their family lives transnationally, with different family members across generations living apart but maintaining close ties, with frequent interactions across national borders. Given this transnational family arrangement is very different from Chinese traditional practices of family maintenance, the impact of this change on the wellbeing and functioning of these families and their individual family members is an issue of increasing academic interest. This thesis responds to these concerns and explores the relationship between people’s experiences of transnational migration and their multigenerational family dynamics. Through engaging with individual life stories and perspectives of 45 participants across generations from new PRC immigrant families living in New Zealand, this thesis seeks to understand how those families with closely-tied multiple generations cope with dislocation and relocation during the process of transnational migration. It also investigates how transnational migration experiences contribute to new emergent domestic dynamics, including the development of new strategies and practices to maintain family traditions, interests and coherence across national borders, as well as shifting intergenerational relationships. The empirical data demonstrates that despite the increasing proportion of new PRC families living transnationally, their experiences of managing family lives vary. I argue that this diversification of transnational family experiences is largely attributed to the interaction of various impact factors associated with both the internal dynamics of immigrant families themselves and external contexts where those families are closely related. My research also attests that family members’ transnational migration experiences accelerate changes to the way they perform family life, particularly amplifying intergenerational differences and altering intergenerational dependency. Even though those changes introduce vital challenges towards multigenerational family maintenance and coherence, my research reveals that families are resilient and able to actively forge multistranded resources as well as engage various transnational activities in response to those challenges. While this thesis poses intriguing perspectives and culturally-specific scenarios to study immigrant families in New Zealand society, more importantly, it also contributes to the broad theorisation of transnational family formation and maintenance in the increasingly globalised world

RELATIONSHIP OF QUALITY OF MOBILE BANKING AND REPUTATION OF BANKS

Doktorski rad istražuje na koji se način može povezati sigurnost, dostupnost i jednostavnost korištenja mobilnog bankarstva sa percipiranom kvalitetom usluge mobilnog bankarstva banke te postoji li povezanost između percipirane kvalitete usluge mobilnog bankarstva i reputacije banaka. Primarni podaci istraživanja prikupljeni su uz pomoć anketnog upitnika. Hipoteze rada testirane su i potvrđene metodom višestrukih modela jednostavne i složene linearne regresije. Istraživanje omogućuje pogled u razvoj novih spoznaja bankarske industrije koji se temelje na ključnim odrednicama o poslovanju financijskog tržišta Republike Hrvatske. Sukladno navedenom definirane su karakteristike bankarskog tržišta i uloga tehnologije u financijskoj industriji Republike Hrvatske.The research provides a look at the development of new knowledge of the banking industry, which is based on key determinants of technology role in the financial market of the Republic of Croatia. The key aim is to explore and adequately argue the influence of mobile banking on the reputation of banks in the Republic of Croatia. The purpose of the research is to contribute to the definition of possible areas of implementation of information and communication technologies in mobile banking, which affect the reputation of banks and also to define the aspects of mobile banking (security, ease of use and availability of mobile banking services), which affect the reputation of banks to a large extent. The basic objectives of the research are to empirically establish the correlation between the perceived quality of mobile banking service and bank reputation, and also to empirically determine the way security, ease of use and availability of services affect the perceived quality of mobile banking services. Additional objectives, based on analyze of previous researches, are to identify and explain the key determinants of the quality of mobile banking and bank reputation, to highlight the importance of using advanced information technology in banking and to examine the awareness of Croatian citizens on the security of mobile banking services. The hypotheses have been tested by using multiple modeling methods of complex linear regression. In order to examine the hypothesis, the primary research was carried out using a structured survey questionnaire. The way of communicating with the respondents was via electronic mail. The results of the testing of hypothesis using regression models show that the hypotheses are confirmed. Based on the results of the research in accordance with the previously set objectives, recommendations can be offered for future activities related to the financial market technology strategies and increase of competitiveness

RELATIONSHIP OF QUALITY OF MOBILE BANKING AND REPUTATION OF BANKS

Doktorski rad istražuje na koji se način može povezati sigurnost, dostupnost i jednostavnost korištenja mobilnog bankarstva sa percipiranom kvalitetom usluge mobilnog bankarstva banke te postoji li povezanost između percipirane kvalitete usluge mobilnog bankarstva i reputacije banaka. Primarni podaci istraživanja prikupljeni su uz pomoć anketnog upitnika. Hipoteze rada testirane su i potvrđene metodom višestrukih modela jednostavne i složene linearne regresije. Istraživanje omogućuje pogled u razvoj novih spoznaja bankarske industrije koji se temelje na ključnim odrednicama o poslovanju financijskog tržišta Republike Hrvatske. Sukladno navedenom definirane su karakteristike bankarskog tržišta i uloga tehnologije u financijskoj industriji Republike Hrvatske.The research provides a look at the development of new knowledge of the banking industry, which is based on key determinants of technology role in the financial market of the Republic of Croatia. The key aim is to explore and adequately argue the influence of mobile banking on the reputation of banks in the Republic of Croatia. The purpose of the research is to contribute to the definition of possible areas of implementation of information and communication technologies in mobile banking, which affect the reputation of banks and also to define the aspects of mobile banking (security, ease of use and availability of mobile banking services), which affect the reputation of banks to a large extent. The basic objectives of the research are to empirically establish the correlation between the perceived quality of mobile banking service and bank reputation, and also to empirically determine the way security, ease of use and availability of services affect the perceived quality of mobile banking services. Additional objectives, based on analyze of previous researches, are to identify and explain the key determinants of the quality of mobile banking and bank reputation, to highlight the importance of using advanced information technology in banking and to examine the awareness of Croatian citizens on the security of mobile banking services. The hypotheses have been tested by using multiple modeling methods of complex linear regression. In order to examine the hypothesis, the primary research was carried out using a structured survey questionnaire. The way of communicating with the respondents was via electronic mail. The results of the testing of hypothesis using regression models show that the hypotheses are confirmed. Based on the results of the research in accordance with the previously set objectives, recommendations can be offered for future activities related to the financial market technology strategies and increase of competitiveness

RELATIONSHIP OF QUALITY OF MOBILE BANKING AND REPUTATION OF BANKS

Doktorski rad istražuje na koji se način može povezati sigurnost, dostupnost i jednostavnost korištenja mobilnog bankarstva sa percipiranom kvalitetom usluge mobilnog bankarstva banke te postoji li povezanost između percipirane kvalitete usluge mobilnog bankarstva i reputacije banaka. Primarni podaci istraživanja prikupljeni su uz pomoć anketnog upitnika. Hipoteze rada testirane su i potvrđene metodom višestrukih modela jednostavne i složene linearne regresije. Istraživanje omogućuje pogled u razvoj novih spoznaja bankarske industrije koji se temelje na ključnim odrednicama o poslovanju financijskog tržišta Republike Hrvatske. Sukladno navedenom definirane su karakteristike bankarskog tržišta i uloga tehnologije u financijskoj industriji Republike Hrvatske.The research provides a look at the development of new knowledge of the banking industry, which is based on key determinants of technology role in the financial market of the Republic of Croatia. The key aim is to explore and adequately argue the influence of mobile banking on the reputation of banks in the Republic of Croatia. The purpose of the research is to contribute to the definition of possible areas of implementation of information and communication technologies in mobile banking, which affect the reputation of banks and also to define the aspects of mobile banking (security, ease of use and availability of mobile banking services), which affect the reputation of banks to a large extent. The basic objectives of the research are to empirically establish the correlation between the perceived quality of mobile banking service and bank reputation, and also to empirically determine the way security, ease of use and availability of services affect the perceived quality of mobile banking services. Additional objectives, based on analyze of previous researches, are to identify and explain the key determinants of the quality of mobile banking and bank reputation, to highlight the importance of using advanced information technology in banking and to examine the awareness of Croatian citizens on the security of mobile banking services. The hypotheses have been tested by using multiple modeling methods of complex linear regression. In order to examine the hypothesis, the primary research was carried out using a structured survey questionnaire. The way of communicating with the respondents was via electronic mail. The results of the testing of hypothesis using regression models show that the hypotheses are confirmed. Based on the results of the research in accordance with the previously set objectives, recommendations can be offered for future activities related to the financial market technology strategies and increase of competitiveness

The digital packaging of electronic money

In this paper I examine how money is digitally packaged (or not packaged) and its influence on the meaning of the gift and remittance. Remittances received by developing nations in 2005 were an estimated $US167 billion. These, together with gifts for ceremonial occasions demonstrate the importance of money as a medium of personal relationships. Gifts in particular have been wrapped in distinctive ways to express their ritual meanings. This wrapping of gifts has not easily translated to digital media. In this paper I draw on personal experience and participant observation in India, Malaysia and Australia. This is supplemented by literature, and content analysis of websites dealing with gifts and remittances